Stephen A. Bernhardt’s research while affiliated with University of Delaware and other places

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Publications (15)


Using Technology to Support Global Drug-Development Teams
  • Chapter

November 2020

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3 Reads

Stephen A. Bernhardt

Interactive Technology to Foster Creativity in Future Mathematics Teachers

September 2018

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130 Reads

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12 Citations

This chapter discusses ways in which the use of interactive technology in a problem-based course that integrates mathematics, science, and technology fosters creativity among future secondary mathematics teachers in their first year in college. The course was built on research-based principles to learn mathematics for understanding. We found that creativity is fostered naturally by teaching mathematics based on those principles. Creativity is fostered, promoted and developed when (a) learners themselves grapple with concepts and make concepts explicit; (b) learners actively build new understanding on previous knowledge; (c) learners engage with mathematics as a social process; (d) learners use multiple representations and connections to enhance their understanding; (e) learners pose and solve problems; and (f) learners exercise multiple modes of learning—when they read, talk, write, draw, analyze, apply, present, and reflect. We discuss the use of technology and issues related to future teachers’ creativity as they solve problems; design experiments and collect, represent, and analyze data; develop mathematical models for phenomena in the physical, biological, and social sciences; and build and program their own robot.


Figure 2. Movable epsilon band and movable N (Oehrtman, 2010).
Number of participants by field of study, level, and sex (total for 3 courses)
Innovation configuration map for using technology to learn mathematics Component 1. Using technology to explore mathematical concepts and processes, solve problems, and develop mathematical models of physical, biological, or social phenomena.
Matrix of five levels of technology adoption by four central components
Level of technology adoption and central component for selected activities

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Learning Mathematics and Technology Through Inquiry, Cooperation, and Communication: A Learning Trajectory for Future Mathematics Teachers
  • Chapter
  • Full-text available

May 2018

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164 Reads

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16 Citations

This chapter describes an empirical study aimed to design, implement, and refine a learning trajectory for developing future mathematics teachers' Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK). The learning trajectory is set in an instructional context where mathematics and technology are learned through inquiry, cooperation, communication, and modeling early in the teacher preparation program with the intent to establish a classroom model of instruction. The chapter focuses on preservice teachers ' learning in two dimensions of TPACK. One dimension is the extension of preservice teachers knowledge to each one of the four principal components of TPACK: Overarching conceptions, Students understanding and thinking, Curriculum and curricular materials, and Instructional strategies and representations for teaching. The second dimension is along preservice teachers' progression in the five levels of adoption of technology: Recognizing, Accepting, Adapting, Exploring, and Extending. The learning trajectory is based on research and theory for learning mathematics in a meaningful way.

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Learning Mathematics and Technology through Inquiry, Cooperation, and Communication: A Learning Trajectory for Future Mathematics Teachers

January 2016

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8 Reads

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5 Citations

This chapter describes an empirical study aimed to design, implement, and refine a learning trajectory for developing future mathematics teachers' Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK). The learning trajectory is set in an instructional context where mathematics and technology are learned through inquiry, cooperation, communication, and modeling early in the teacher preparation program with the intent to establish a classroom model of instruction. The chapter focuses on preservice teachers' learning in two dimensions of TPACK. One dimension is the extension of preservice teachers knowledge to each one of the four principal components of TPACK: Overarching conceptions, Students understanding and thinking, Curriculum and curricular materials, and Instructional strategies and representations for teaching. The second dimension is along preservice teachers' progression in the five levels of adoption of technology: Recognizing, Accepting, Adapting, Exploring, and Extending. The learning trajectory is based on research and theory for learning mathematics in a meaningful way.


Rowing competitions and perspective

August 2014

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11 Reads

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3 Citations

This paper is about integrating the use of graphing technology (specifically, GeoGebra) with principles of motion, principles of perspective, and the concept of vanishing points to model a dynamic event. Students were asked to analyse video images of a rowing competition filmed with a single camera positioned perpendicular to the race. The fixed position of the camera in such races makes it difficult to determine whether a scull closer to the camera is actually overtaking another, more distant scull. The paper illustrates how students in their first year at the university can integrate the use of technology, science, mathematics, and writing to solve a real world problem involving motion.


Rhetorical Technologies,Technological Rhetorics

June 2013

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3 Reads

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2 Citations

College Composition and Communication

On the Blunt Edge: Technology in Composition’s History and Pedagogy Shane Borrowman, editor Going Wireless: A Critical Exploration of Wireless and Mobile Technologies for Composition Teachers and Scholars Amy C. Kimme Hea, editor Rhetorical Delivery as Technological Discourse: A Cross-Historical Study Ben McCorkle Digital Detroit: Rhetoric and Space in the Age of the Network Jeff Rice Technologies of Wonder: Rhetorical Practice in a Digital World Susan H. Delagrange


Missed Opportunities in the Review and Revision of Clinical Study Reports

March 2012

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55 Reads

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5 Citations

Journal of Business and Technical Communication

Circulating written drafts and conducting roundtable reviews are two important document-development activities in many work sites. Previous studies suggest that review processes are frustrating for participants and have substantial inefficiencies caused by conflicting participant purposes. This article presents two case studies of the document-review practices for clinical study reports from a large pharmaceutical company, paying particular attention to whether review efforts contributed to improvements in document quality. Findings suggest that document review did not lead to demonstrable improvement in report quality. The authors offer recommendations for improving document-review practices.



Problem‐based learning

December 2011

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761 Reads

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275 Citations

New Directions for Teaching and Learning

In problem-based learning, students working in collaborative groups learn by resolving complex, realistic problems under the guidance of faculty. In this chapter, we examine the evidence for effectiveness of the method to achieve its goals of fostering deep understandings of content and discuss the potential for developing process skills: research, negotiation and teamwork, writing, and verbal communication.



Citations (11)


... These findings are consistent with the literature that suggests that the nature of interaction increases the opportunities for student discourse and participation, ultimately improving conceptual understanding (Asterhan & Schwarz, 2007;Fukawa-Connelly & Silverman, 2015;Prusak, Hershkowitz, & Schwarz, 2012;Sadler & Fowler, 2006;Wood & McNeal, 2003). Furthermore, the research supported that conducting whole-class discussions including argumentation between the members of the classroom improved the participants' way of commenting on other's ideas more scientifically, accepting or refuting others' comments on the basis of evidence rather than vague statements (Flores, Park, & Bernhardt, 2016). ...

Reference:

Mathematical Practices of Eighth Graders about 3D Shapes in an Argumentation, Technology, and Design-Based Classroom Environment
Learning Mathematics and Technology through Inquiry, Cooperation, and Communication: A Learning Trajectory for Future Mathematics Teachers
  • Citing Chapter
  • January 2016

... Several studies have analyzed the factors affecting the adoption and use of technologybased learning media in teaching and learning activities, namely user characteristics, content characteristics, technological considerations, and the capacity of an organization (Balanskat et al., 2006;Lim and Chai, 2008;Tondeur et al., 2008;Buabeng-Andoh, 2012). Furthermore, many studies have revealed that using technology-based learning media by students in the learning process is very high (Flores et al., 2018;Hermita et al., 2021;Wijaya et al., 2021a,b). ...

Interactive Technology to Foster Creativity in Future Mathematics Teachers
  • Citing Chapter
  • September 2018

... Moreover, the use of argumentations could enhance the development of the PMSMTS' conceptual understanding through discussions by comprehending, accepting or refuting others' ideas in a more scientific way. This effect of argumentation in the present study can be encouraged by previous research (Flores et al. 2016). The mathematical practices could represent the positive effects of social forms of interaction that emerged in IBL supported by the GSP and contribute to the conceptual understanding of the PMSMTs in the context of geometric transformations. ...

Learning Mathematics and Technology Through Inquiry, Cooperation, and Communication: A Learning Trajectory for Future Mathematics Teachers

... In the rowing competition activity (Flores, Bernhardt, & Shipman, 2015), students had a different opportunity to express their creativity in various ways. The context as presented was the challenge of gauging the progress of two rowing sculls at some distance when the viewer had only a single perspective. ...

Rowing competitions and perspective
  • Citing Article
  • August 2014

... The first of these articles, by Rita Tomlin, investigates how the roles of professional writers in the pharmaceutical industry have been transformed since FDA regulations became available online in 1997. Extending the insights of an earlier article by Ford, Bernhardt, and Cuppan (2004), Tomlin argues that rather than the narrowly circumscribed job title of "medical writer," it is increasingly accurate to think of these professionals as "communications specialists" who play an integral part in every phase of drug approval. The second article in this section, by Russell Willerton, uses field research to examine the professional activities of writers employed by a company that produces Web-based content for health information services such as WebMD ® . ...

FROM MEDICAL WRITER TO COMMUNICATION SPECIALIST: EXPANDING ROLES AND CONTRIBUTIONS IN PHARMACEUTICAL ORGANIZATIONS
  • Citing Article

... In many cases, an RMW receives multiple versions/texts from different stakeholders as e-mail attachments/e-mail texts. 6 This poses challenges to keeping track of various versions, consolidating comments, and reconciling issues in the next draft of the protocol. The RMW can potentially miss essential comments from the critical reviewers, leading to poor protocol quality. ...

Improving Document Review Practices in Pharmaceutical Companies
  • Citing Article
  • October 2003

Journal of Business and Technical Communication

... (1997, p. 172) Brown goes on to detail the ways that information technologies might accelerate mutual understandings within work groups, as does Schrage. Undoubtedly, such technologies have a role, and we have discussed technologies for global drug development teams elsewhere in detail (Bernhardt 1999, Bernhardt 1995. Here, we would stress that the solutions do not need to be high tech and that, in fact, simply getting the shared team thinking in one place in writing is a simple way of moving toward consensus. ...

Using Technology to Support Global Drug-DevelopmentTeams
  • Citing Article

... Comments management techniques 1,13 Too many reviewers can lead to conflicts and contradictions. An RMW can propose to minimise the number of reviewers (one subject matter expert per function) during the peer review. ...

Missed Opportunities in the Review and Revision of Clinical Study Reports
  • Citing Article
  • March 2012

Journal of Business and Technical Communication

... PBL fosters critical learners who collaboratively analyze situations and solve meaningful problems, acquiring information-seeking methods and organizational skills (Duch et al., 2001;Murray-Harvey & Slee, 2000). Engaging in PBL also cultivates strong communication abilities (Allen et al., 2011). According to Aron et al. (2013), PBL approaches positively impact students' knowledge retention, synthesis, and interest in the subject. ...

Problem‐based learning
  • Citing Article
  • December 2011

New Directions for Teaching and Learning

... The topic of research has thus come under increasing scrutiny in the academic literature in recent years. Moreover, as a field, we have begun looking more closely at the research we have done and are doing (e.g., Carliner, Coppola, Grady, & Hayhoe 2011;Coppola & Elliot, 2005;Dayton & Bernhardt, 2004;Lam & Boettger, 2013;Lay, 2004;McNely, Spinuzzi, & Teston, 2015;Rude, 2015). Such reflections reveal the need for and the value of research. ...

Results of a Survey, of ATTW Members, 2003
  • Citing Article
  • January 2004

Technical Communication Quarterly