Stefano Potter's research while affiliated with Woodwell Climate Research Center and other places

... For example, icedammed lakes can be short-lived and may experience spontaneous drainage (Hewitt and Liu, 2010;Carrivick et al., 2017;Jacquet et al., 2017), therefore they require continuous monitoring to allow advance warning. PlanetScope satellite imagery provides daily coverage at 3 m resolution (Qayyum et al., 2020;Mullen et al., 2023), but the data is not publicly available. Recent studies have utilized UAS data to supplement satellite data to combine the benefits of both platforms and obtain information quickly and inexpensively with greater temporal and spatial resolution (Wigmore and Mark, 2017;Gaffey and Bhardwaj, 2020). ...

... However, new developments in automated mapping may constitute the solution. Very recently, deep-learning routines have been develop to map RTS (see, Nitze et al., 2021;Yang et al., 2023), although most of the applications have been placed in Tibet (Huang et al., 2020(Huang et al., , 2021 and only a few are available in high-arctic regions (Witharana et al., 2022). In the case of ALD, their occurrence has been mapped through change-detection (Rudy et al., 2013). ...

... Our fire carbon emission estimate for boreal ecosystems (CO 2 and CH 4 , 113.2 TgC yr -1 ) is slightly lower than the one of 142 Tg CO 2 -C yr -1 previously reported by Veraverbeke et al. (2021). Using GFED4s data, our budget might underestimate fire CO 2 emissions as shown in Potter et al. (2022), where GFED4s emissions were 36% lower than the ones obtained using the ABoVE-FED data-driven product. ...

... The average CO 2 emission obtained in our study for the northern taiga ecosystems and palsas are consistent with the data presented in literature. The values obtained for bogs are higher than those reported for analogous ecosystems [21,27,35,51]. In fact, data on the CO 2 emission for tundra ecosystems, especially for ecotone landscapes, are limited. ...

... Canada's boreal zone accounts for 28%, or 552 Mha, of the global boreal ecosystem, and is characterized by a variety of forest stand ages, complex disturbance histories, a small number of dominant species, and high-latitude continental climatic conditions (Brandt et al. 2013;Kurz et al. 2013;Price et al. 2013). With regional variation in species distribution, their productivity, and underlying soils, the total boreal ecosystem is estimated to sequester an average of 8850 TgC yr À 1 (1E þ 9 Kg of Carbon per year) , 62% of which is during the growing season (Virkkala et al. 2021). Due to these complex heterogenous patterns and drivers of land cover and land cover change, quantifying the rate of carbon sequestration in these boreal environments is challenging. ...

... Another possible option could be to combine recent advancements in spectroscopic techniques (e.g. diffuse reflectance mid-infrared spectroscopy-based models) with C fraction measured data based on Rock-Eval® analysis (Sanderman et al., 2021) in order to derive Rock-Eval® parameters not from thermal analyses but from spectroscopic measures, which are even faster and easier to conduct on large spatial scale. However, relating the Rock-Eval® parameters to spectral variables remains entirely to be built and tested and was clearly out of the scope of the present study. ...

... In addition, former studies did not differentiate between different fire intensities. Yet it is well known that fire intensities strongly vary according to below-and aboveground biomass fuel availability, plant composition and soil drainage (Walker et al., 2020). While it has been reported that permafrost GHG emissions can differ substantially depending on fire intensity (Sawamoto et al., 2000, Boby et al., 2010, Morishita et al., 2015, the role of different fire intensities for the abundance of microbes catalyzing major processes of nutrient cycling is still unclear. ...

... North American boreal forests play a vital role in the global carbon cycle (Dieleman et al. 2020). Yet, the carbon balance of these forests is threatened by increasingly frequent stand-replacing disturbances, including forest fires (Mack et al. 2021), insect outbreaks (Bright et al. 2020), and timber harvests (Masek et al. 2011). ...

... Changes in the depth and distribution of snow cover can lead to both increased insulation and exposure of terrestrial plants to freezing and temperature extremes (e.g., Ávila-Jiménez & Coulson 2011;Semenchuk et al. 2013;Cooper 2014;Convey et al. 2015;Foster et al. 2016;Convey et al. 2018). For instance, temperatures close to and even above 0 °C under deep snow cover lead to a continuation of biological activity and depletion of energy reserves (Convey et al. 2015;Semenchuk, Christiansen et al. 2016;Natali et al. 2019). In severe winters, vegetation experiences frost damage, caused by either lack of insulation from snow, ambient temperature fluctuations, or ROS events leading to basal ice accumulation (Bjerke et al. 2017). ...

... Forest ecosystems, occupying approximately 30% of the terrestrial surface and constituting 60% of terrestrial biodiversity 4 , have a three-dimensional canopy structure and can create shading, affect air mixing, exert evapotranspirative cooling and thus form a phenomenon known as "forest microclimate". This microclimate in forests is different from the openground environment and often shows a stable low temperature, thus creating microrefugia with a comfortable habitat for species to mitigate extreme heat under global warming [5][6][7][8][9][10] . ...