Stefan Kienberger's research while affiliated with University of Salzburg and other places
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Publications (104)
As the impacts of climate change continue to intensify, the EU is transitioning to a more climate-resilient Europe. Four key policies drive this shift: the European Green Deal, the European Commission Adaptation Strategy launched in 2021, the 2022 Mission on Adaptation to Climate Change and the EU-wide Climate Risk Assessment (EUCRA) due in 2024. T...
Climate-related risks are a major threat to humanity, affecting the lives and livelihoods of communities globally. Even with adaptation, climate change is projected to increase the severity of risks, leading to impacts and residual risks, also termed losses and damages. Frameworks and approaches using Climate Risk Management (CRM), an integration o...
As the climate crisis continues to worsen, there is an increasing demand for scientific evidence from Climate Risk and Vulnerability Assessments (CRVA). We present 12 methodological advancements to the Impact Chain-based CRVA (IC-based CRVA) framework, which combines participatory and data-driven approaches to identify and measure climate risks in...
Current scientific discourse on the assessment of loss and damage from climate change focuses primarily on what is straightforwardly quantifiable, such as monetary value, numbers of casualties, or destroyed homes. However, the range of possible harms induced by climate change is much broader, particularly as regards residual risks that occur beyond...
Um Epidemien effizient einzudämmen ist es besonders wichtig schnell vulnerable Zielgruppen zu definieren dies kann durch eine Vulnerabilitätsanalyse geschehen. Im Projekt CAVE wird eine solche Vulnerabilitätsanalyse für Österreich auf Gemeindeebene in Bezug auf zukünftige Epidemien durch-geführt. Diese soll als Webapplikation Behörden und andere En...
Recently, ticks of Hyalomma spp. have been found more often in areas previously lacking this tick species. Due to their important role as a vector of different diseases, such as Crimean-Congo-hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), the occurrence and potential spread of this tick species is of major concern. So far, eight Hyalomma sp. ticks were found between 20...
Loss and damage databases are essential tools within the disaster risk management cycle for making informed decisions. However, even in data-rich countries such as Austria, no consistent and curated multi-hazard database is available. Based on the requirements of the United Nations, the European Union, as well as on national demands to deal with di...
Shifting from effect- towards cause-oriented and systemic approaches in sustainable climate change adaptation requires a solid understanding of the climate-related and societal causes behind climate risks. Thus, capturing, systemizing, and prioritizing factors contributing to climate risks are essential for developing cause-oriented climate risk an...
Die Fülle und Qualität an heutzutage verfügbarer Geoinformation eröffnet neue und weitreichende Möglichkeiten
um den Klimawandel und Naturgefahren sowie deren Auswirkungen auf Mensch und Umwelt besser untersuchen,
verstehen und darauf reagieren zu können. Mit Hilfe von
Geographischen Informationssystemen (GIS) können solche
raumbezogenen Daten effi...
Purpose
This paper aims to present the “Vulnerability Sourcebook” methodology, a standardised framework for the assessment of climate vulnerability and risk in the context of adaptation planning. The Vulnerability Sourcebook has been developed for the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) and has been applied in more than tw...
![Figure 1. Applied risk and vulnerability framework (adapted from [18]...)](publication/343590317/figure/fig1/AS:932816267255839@1599412137570/Applied-risk-and-vulnerability-framework-adapted-from-18_Q320.jpg)
This research addresses the need for proactive climate risk management (CRM) by developing and applying a spatial climate risk and vulnerability assessment (CRVA) to flooding under consideration of the socio-economic dimension in Austria. Our research builds on a consolidated risk and vulnerability framework targeting both disaster risk reduction (...
Austria is at significant risk from natural hazards owing to the location in the alpine range and its climatic environments. Flood susceptibility is a significant step in identifying and mitigating floods in the future and improve flood management measures. The main objective of this study was to combine the pixel-based frequency ratio (FR) approac...
Millions of people fall ill with malaria every year-most of them are located in sub-Saharan Africa. The weight of the burden of malaria on a society is determined by a complex interplay of environmental and social factors, including poverty, awareness and education, among others. A substantial share of the affected population is characterized by a...
Remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) are widely used for landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM) to support planning authorities to plan, prepare and mitigate the consequences of future hazards. In this study, we compared the traditional per-pixel models of data-driven frequency ratio (FR) and expert-based multi-criteria assessmen...
Maps synthesizing climate, biophysical and socioeconomic data have become part of the standard tool‐kit for communicating the risks of climate change to society. Vulnerability maps are used to direct attention to geographic areas where impacts on society are expected to be greatest and that may therefore require adaptation interventions. Under the...
So far, studies of Loss and Damage from climate change have focused primarily on human systems and tended to overlook the mediating role of ecosystems and the services ecosystems provide to society. This is a significant knowledge gap because losses and damages to human systems often result from permanent or temporary disturbances to ecosystems ser...
The debate on “Loss and Damage” (L&D) has gained traction over the last few years. Supported by growing scientific evidence of anthropogenic climate change amplifying frequency, intensity and duration of climate-related hazards as well as observed increases in climate-related impacts and risks in many regions, the “Warsaw International Mechanism fo...
We provide new evidence about the mechanisms linking resource-related income shocks to conflict. To do so, we combine temporal variation in international drug prices with new data on spatial variation in opium suitability to examine the effect of opium profitability on conflict in Afghanistan. District level results indicate a conflict-reducing eff...
Human displacement is liable to occur in riverside regions where people are vulnerable to riverbank erosion. This vulnerability depends on factors such as population density and the economic conditions of the region’s population. Short-term socioeconomic impacts on the displaced population include loss of home, agricultural land, jobs and assets. T...
Accessibility and satisfaction related to healthcare services are conceived as multidimensional concepts. These concepts can be studied using objective and subjective measures. In this study, we created two indices: a composite healthcare accessibility index (CHCA) and a composite healthcare satisfaction index (CHCS). To calculate the CHCA index we...
This research analyses the application of spatially explicit sensitivity and uncertainty
analysis for GIS (Geographic Information System) multicriteria decision analysis
(MCDA) within a multi-dimensional vulnerability assessment regarding flooding in
the Salzach river catchment in Austria. The research methodology is based on a
spatially explicit s...
This case study proposes an alternative spatial sampling design when there is no enumeration of the target population. Empirical studies and spatial quantitative assessments at a local scale, in the global South or in a sensitive context often face the limitations of baseline knowledge and secondary data, resulting in the challenge of choosing meth...
ABSTRACT Recently the cultivation of opium poppy in Afghanistan reached unprecedented levels. It is agreed that the complex and coupled interactions of social, economic and environmental drivers are crucial for understanding the spatial and temporal dynamics of opium poppy cultivation in Afghanistan. In this context, we present an integrated risk c...
Despite the decline in malaria incidence due to intense interventions, potentials for malaria transmission persist in Rwanda. To eradicate malaria in Rwanda, strategies need to expand beyond approaches that focus solely on malaria epidemiology and also consider the socioeconomic, demographic and biological/disease-related factors that determine the...
Outbreaks of Rift Valley fever (RVF), a relatively recently emerged zoonosis endemic to large parts of sub-Saharan Africa that has the potential to spread beyond the continent, have profound health and socio-economic impacts, particularly in communities where resilience is already low. Here output from a new, dynamic disease model for RVF (the Live...
Mauritania is vulnerable to climate change due to its location along the Sahel, the desert climate of the Sahara, and its socio-economic characteristics. To support the identification of climate change adaptation measures in Brakna and Assaba in Mauritania, a spatial assessment of vulnerability to climate change targeting the livelihood sectors of...
Despite recent progress in reducing the number of victims, landmines and explosive remnants of war (ERW) cause more than 3000 causalities every year, particularly affecting the most vulnerable. Current mine action programmes, however, do not consider prevailing vulnerabilities of affected communities in their priority-setting systems. We emphasise...
Deprivation indices are useful measures to analyze health inequalities. There are several methods to construct these indices, however, few studies have used Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Multi-Criteria methods to construct a deprivation index. Therefore, this study applies Multi-Criteria Evaluation to calculate weights for the indicators...
The European (EC FP7-funded) HEALTHY FUTURES project aims at improving anticipation of climate change effects on three water related vector-borne diseases (malaria, schistosomiasis, and Rift Valley fever) in eastern Africa. The intention of the HEALTHY FUTURES Atlas is to present key project results, and to support decision makers in identifying co...
Within the context of disaster risk reduction, including climate change adaptation, significant thematic discourse has been dedicated to the difficulty of implementing research-based knowledge in policy and practice. Not only has the discussion focused on the causes of this issue, but many recommendations for enhancing the use of information and kn...
Human settlements are often at risk from multiple hydro-meteorological hazards, which include fluvial floods, short-time extreme precipitation (leading to ′pluvial′ floods), or coastal floods. In the past, considerable scientific effort has been devoted to assessing fluvial floods. Only recently have methods been developed to assess the hazard and...
The CHANGES network (Changing Hydro-meteorological Risks – as Analyzed by a New Generation of European Scientists) aimed to develop an advanced understanding of how global changes (related to environmental and climate change as well as socio-economical change) will affect the temporal and spatial patterns of hydro-meteorological hazards and associa...
This chapter provides an overview of the assessment of socio-economic vulnerability to floods in the context of climate change in the Salzach catchment (UDRB) as well as for the floodplains in Assam (UBRB). The assessment adapts a conceptual framework of the IPCC defining vulnerability. Within both assessments spatially-explicit and expert-based ap...
Land use/land cover (LULC) information is one of the most important spatial input for environmental modelling and a crucial indicator to identify and quantify natural and socioeconomic impacts triggered by LULC changes. Such impacts are related to glacier, snow cover, and permafrost melting, the forming of GLOFs, erosion by land sides, discharge an...
Since 2004, malaria interventions in Rwanda have resulted in substantial decline of malaria incidence. However, this achievement is fragile as potentials for local malaria transmissions remain. The risk of getting malaria infection is partially explained by social conditions of vulnerable populations. Since vulnerability to malaria is both influenc...
This research aims to employ a novel methodology for modelling uncertainty in the GIS environment. The spatially explicit sensitivity and uncertainty analysis was applied on Multicriteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) for an economic vulnerability assessment within the Salzach Basin. The main objective of this research is to demonstrate how a unified ap...
This chapter is based on a paper published in Natural Hazards dealing with the MOVE framework; see in detail Birkmann et al., 2013.
Much endeavour is currently given to represent as well analyse and understand complex, latent phenomena. Latency (lat. for abeyant or unseen) is characterised through a certain existence which however did not materialise itself into directly measurable outcomes. This may sound philosophical, but is a key aspect to be considered when modelling multi...
Background
Despite efforts in eradication and control, malaria remains a global challenge, particularly affecting vulnerable groups. Despite the recession in malaria cases, previously malaria free areas are increasingly confronted with epidemics as a result of changing environmental and socioeconomic conditions. Next to modeling transmission intens...
Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) impose a heavy burden on vulnerable populations. Although vulnerability has increasingly gained ground as a promising concept in VBD literature in recent years, little emphasis has been placed on developing methods for quantifying and mapping it. Integrated spatial indicators are a powerful means for grasping the comple...
http://dx.doi.org/10., the Salzach river catchment has been severely affected by various flood events. In the context of the EC FP7 research project MOVE, the objective was to assess the vulnerability to floods in a spatially explicit way, being independent from administrative boundaries through the applica-tion of novel regionalization approaches....
There is a set of myths which are linked to the recovery of L’Aquila, such as: the L’Aquila recovery has come to a halt, it is still in an early recovery phase, and there is economic stagnation. The objective of this paper is threefold: a) to identify and develop a set of spatial indicators for the case of L’Aquila, b) to test the feasibility of a...
Experiences in analyzing high‐fidelity, multi‐spectral imagery using OBIA methods can be transferred to address complex spatial phenomena. Latent, i.e. not directly observable ‘geographic features’ like social vulnerability to hazards, are represented by regionalizing multiple sets of indicators. Spatial representation of such multi‐dimensional phe...
The design of methods and tools to build adequate representations of complex geographical phenomena in a way that spatial patterns are emphasized is one of the core objectives of GIScience. In this paper, we build on the concept of geons as a strategy to represent and analyze latent spatial phenomena across different geographical scales (local, nat...
Detailed maps, appropriate for decision making at the local level are outdated or currently not available in Mozambique. The community map presented in this paper is built on participatory mapping and Participatory GIS practices (especially photo mapping) and links to advanced spatial analysis in the context of disaster risk reduction and flood haz...
Within a twinning framework supported by the FP6 research project BRAHMATWINN, an approach has been developed to effectively model and map vulnerability to floods in the Brahmaputra/Assam (India) and Salzach River Catchment, Austria. The intention of the research is to assess the socio-economic component of risk through a joint conceptual level vul...
Assessment of Vulnerability to Natural Hazards covers the vulnerability of human and environmental systems to climate change and eight natural hazards: earthquakes, floods, landslides, avalanches, forest fires, drought, coastal erosion, and heat waves. This book is an important contribution to the field, clarifying terms and investigating the natur...
Geoinformation, und somit eine Bandbreite von abgeleiteten kartografischen Produkten, spielen eine unbestritten wichtige Rolle in den verschiedenen Phasen des Katastrophenmanagement-Zyklus. Durch die vielfältigen Aktivitäten der Risikominimierung, Frühwarnung, Katastrophen- und hu-manitären Hilfe und des Wiederaufbaus, ergeben sich unterschiedliche...
Most scientific assessments for climate change adaptation and risk reduction are based on scenarios for climatic change. Scenarios for socio-economic development, particularly in terms of vulnerability and adaptive capacity, are largely lacking. This paper focuses on the utility of socio-economic scenarios for vulnerability, risk and adaptation res...
WebGIS tools have the potential to disseminate the outputs of spatial vulnerability assessments to a wide range of communities, including public health decision-makers. Based on a previous assessment of socioeconomic vulnerability to dengue fever in Cali, Colombia, we developed and used a WebGIS tool to facilitate the visualization, exploration and...
The main objective of this paper is to prove that spatial connectivity can be an effective spatial indicator for monitoring and evaluating the recovery process after the event of an earthquake. It integrates variables such as distance, travel time and quality of public transport service. We hypothesize that there is a relationship between the conne...
The mismanagement of debris in L'Aquila (Italy) after the 2009 earthquake has delayed the
reconstruction and hence the return of the former inhabitants to the city center. The inhabitants
of L'Aquila’s city center were relocated to 19 new settlements in a kind of forced displacement.
These settlements are characterized by the lack of urban faciliti...
The concept of vulnerability is increasingly used in the fields of disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation, as well as socioeconomic studies. This paper reviews research inputs into the concept of vulnerability and highlights the challenges of resolving its spatial and temporal variability with building resilience and adaptation. We h...
As a result of changes in climatic conditions and greater resistance to insecticides, many regions across the globe, including Colombia, have been facing a resurgence of vector-borne diseases, and dengue fever in particular. Timely information on both (1) the spatial distribution of the disease, and (2) prevailing vulnerabilities of the population...
The population of subsaharan Africa, and particularly of the countries of the Sahel and western Africa, is one of the most vulnerable to climate change and climate-related extreme events. To provide updated information for targeted climate change adaptation measures, we modeled hotspots of climate change and related extreme events in an integrative...
Many physical, chemical and biological processes taking place at the land surface are strongly influenced by the amount of water stored within the upper soil layers. Therefore, many scientific disciplines require soil moisture observations for developing, evaluating and improving their models. One of these disciplines is meteorology where soil mois...
