![Figure 2. 670 nm light treatment reduces mean clinical score and signs of MOG-induced EAE. EAE was induced with MOG 35-55 , and mice were treated with 670 nm light or no light (restraint) stress [sham]. (A) Mice treated with the suppression protocol. 670 nm light (-%-; n = 8) or sham (-&-; n = 9). Representative 3 separate experiments with total n = 36 (670 nm light); n = 37 (sham). Error bars represent SEM. P,0.0001 by 2-way ANOVA. (B) Clinical course was plotted and the area under the curve (AUC) for all mice treated with the suppression protocol was determined and compared by 1-way ANOVA. Horizontal line: median value; Error bars: SEM. P,0.001. (C) duration of recovery for all mice treated with the suppression protocol was determined by counting the days of recovery from peak disease (decrease in 1 disease score) to the time of relapse (increase of 1 disease score); horizontal line: median value. (D) Mice were treated with 670 nm light (-%-; n = 10) or no light (restraint stress;-&-; n = 7) using the double-treatment protocol. Representative of 3 separate experiments with a total n = 24 (670 nm) or 2 separate experiments n = 14 (restraint only-sham). Error bars represent SEM. P,0.0001 by 2-way ANOVA. (E) The AUC of clinical disease curves for all mice treated with the double treatment was determined; horizontal line: median value. Error bars: SEM; P = 0.0003 by 1-Way ANOVA. **P,0.01; ***P,0.001. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0030655.g002](https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Janis-Eells/publication/221793288/figure/fig6/AS:669624047763478@1536662222865/nm-light-treatment-reduces-mean-clinical-score-and-signs-of-MOG-induced-EAE-EAE-was_Q320.jpg)
January 2012
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The approved immunomodulatory agents for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) are only partially effective. It is thought that the combination of immunomodulatory and neuroprotective strategies is necessary to prevent or reverse disease progression. Irradiation with far red/near infrared light, termed photobiomodulation, is a therapeutic approach for inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Data suggests that near-infrared light functions through neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. We sought to investigate the clinical effect of photobiomodulation in the Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of multiple sclerosis. The clinical effect of photobiomodulation induced by 670 nm light was investigated in the C57BL/6 mouse model of EAE. Disease was induced with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) according to standard laboratory protocol. Mice received 670 nm light or no light treatment (sham) administered as suppression and treatment protocols. 670 nm light reduced disease severity with both protocols compared to sham treated mice. Disease amelioration was associated with down-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines (interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α) and up-regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) in vitro and in vivo. These studies document the therapeutic potential of photobiomodulation with 670 nm light in the EAE model, in part through modulation of the immune response.