South Korea’s research while affiliated with Ewha Womans University and other places

In the past decade, digital information technology has enabled the public to access information online and participate in public debates to a greater extent. This has led to the restructuring and transformation of public consultation. The public is interconnected and interactive within a broader scope and hierarchy. On the other hand, when examining its discourse construction and interactive methods in more detail, it is also found that the public is distributed discursively. This article analyzes the logic and patterns involved in constructing the digital public sphere. The article uses documentary and digital theory, as well as interview methods. Besides, it also explores public participation patterns, discourse contest, negotiation, and integration in the context of "discursive" distribution and hierarchical "connec-tion," and proposes the potential of the digital public sphere and initiatives to address new challenges. Additionally, this paper uses qualitative research analysis and case analysis methods for analysis. Furthermore, the limitation of this article is that it relies heavily on document descriptions for analysis and qualitative descriptions. There may be a lack of some substantive cases, which is also a limitation. The main contribution of this article is to describe the content theme of digital public sphere education.

Introduction: The use of artificial intelligence (AI) is growing quickly and has already had a significant impact on the practice of orthodontics. This study aimed to explore the degree to which the study and use of AI have been integrated into accredited postgraduate orthodontic programs in North America. Methods: An anonymous electronic survey was sent to each of North America's 74 orthodontic residency programs, requesting information from either the program director or department chair. Data were collected and analyzed using SPSS (version 28; IBM, Armonk, NY) and Excel (Microsoft, Redmond, Wash). Results: Forty-one valid surveys were analyzed. Among the respondents, 56.1% had implemented or planned to implement AI instruction into their program. Among those who reported using this technology, 60.9% indicated that they have applied these principles for research purposes. Most respondents (87.8%) noted that they have not developed seminars and/or AI training to be included in their curriculum, whereas residents in 17.1% of respondent programs have advocated for these modifications. Lack of expertise and availability in the schedule (71.4%) are common challenges associated with the dearth of curriculum changes. Most programs (68.3%) encouraged their residents to attend continuing education for AI fundamentals, while 75.6% reported that they do not encourage their residents to use AI for patient care, research, or didactic assignments. Several programs (68.3%) reported not updating their academic manuals and syllabi with new AI policies, nor have they installed new AI detection software (80.5%). Conclusions: More than half of orthodontic residencies have implemented AI into their program in some capacity. The continual advancements of AI algorithms will require modifications to orthodontic residency programs. AI-related education should be implemented into academic curricula to provide residents with the tools necessary to thrive in an AI-driven practice. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2024;-:-)

Introduction: Dentists are struggling to recruit staff and determine which benefits to provide to their staff. The purpose of this study was to survey orthodontic staff and orthodontists regarding their staff's perception of the most and least desirable benefits and what keeps them working at their current orthodontic office. Methods: A total of 96 orthodontic staff and 67 orthodontists were surveyed. The 11-question orthodontic staff survey and 12-question orthodontist survey asked participants about office demographics, what staff liked or disliked about the office they currently work for, and overall staff satisfaction. Results: Orthodontic staff reported they were somewhat satisfied, satisfied, or very satisfied, and most orthodontists reported their staff were satisfied. Orthodontic staff reported they preferred offering full-time employment and positive staff relationships, whereas they disliked their health insurance and the lack of full-time positions the most. Moreover, 85% of orthodontists identified positive staff relationships, and 72% selected offering full-time employment positions as reasons why staff chose to stay at the office. Furthermore, 43% of orthodontists selected "other," whereas 25% selected poor staff relationships as reasons staff chose to leave the office. Predictors for staff satisfaction include positive staff relationships (8.1% of variance; P = 0.007) and disliking their salaries and bonuses less (5.8% of variance; P = 0.002). Conclusions: Our findings showed that orthodontic staff prefer full-time employment, a positive work environment , and improved health insurance benefits. Overall, orthodontists are improving their understanding of desirable staff benefits; however, there are still some benefits staff desire but are not receiving. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop Clin Companion 2024;XX:XX-XX)

This report presents an orthodontic retreatment of a patient seeking a second opinion because of severe retroclination of the maxillary incisors and anterior crossbite. Perforation of the labial cortical plate by the roots of the maxillary incisors was noted. The patient declined a surgical approach, so skeletal anchorage was planned to regain the incisor torque and improve the facial profile. The orthodontic treatment successfully repositioned the maxillary incisor roots within the alveolar bone. The facial profile was improved significantly through active vertical control. This report emphasizes the significance of torque control during space closure and the potential for active vertical control to enhance the profile. Overall, treatment stability was good after 1 year of retention. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop Clin Companion 2024;XX:XX-XX) O rthodontic treatment is sometimes unsuccessful for several reasons, including poor treatment plans, improper mechanics, unfavorable growth, and poor patient cooperation. 1 In this case, inadequate treatment planning and mechanics led to poor occlusal and facial results. Effective incisor torque control is crucial during space closure. 2 If torque control is insufficient during incisor retraction, uncontrolled tipping of the maxillary incisors may occur. In extreme cases, such as this one, perforation of the labial corti-cal plate by the incisor roots is possible. The case report relays our experience repositioning the incisor roots within the alveo-lar trough and improving the facial profile through active vertical control. This was achieved by using infrazygomatic crest (IZC), anterior subapical, and midpalatal miniscrews. DIAGNOSIS AND ETIOLOGY A 26-year-old woman presented to our clinic with multiple concerns. She reported difficulty in chewing because of uncomfortable anterior tooth contacts, as well as a convex facial profile. The patient had been undergoing orthodontic treatment for 2 years and 2 months, which involved the extraction of the maxillary first premolars and closure of the missing mandibular right first molar space. Despite the premolar extractions, the patient remained dissatisfied with the convex profile and requested further retraction of her dentition (Fig 1). Two maxillary posterior miniscrews were placed to retract the maxillary dentition. However, this resulted in severe retroclina-tion of the maxillary incisors and an anterior crossbite, which prompted her to seek a second opinion at our clinic. On examination, the patient presented with a convex lateral profile and a retrognathic mandible. Her nasolabial angle measured around 90°, whereas the labiomental fold appeared shallow with slight mentalis strain. In her smiling photograph, she had a normal gingival display and incisor show; however, retroclination of the maxillary incisors was

A case report of mutilated dentition with multiple missing posterior teeth leading to a collapsed malocclusion with a canted occlusal plane and insufficient occlusal clearance for prosthetic reconstruction illustrates the interdisciplinary process of full-mouth rehabilitation. The patient’s elongated posterior teeth needed to be intruded using skeletal anchorage, which also helped to level the canted occlusal plane. A reduction alveoloplasty was performed when the dental implants were placed. A crown lengthening procedure was performed for further intrusion after the elongated teeth had been embedded into the gingiva. Another crown lengthening procedure with labial bone reduction and recontouring was done in the maxillary anterior region to restore the appropriate crown length of maxillary anterior teeth and smooth labial bone after massive intrusion and retraction. The implant-supported prostheses were finished at an increased vertical dimension of occlusion with caution after adaptation and observation. This complex full-mouth rehabilitation improved function and esthetics with good stability thanks to collaboration among various specialties. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop Clin Companion 2023;3:268–82)

We appreciate your questions and feedback regarding our article (Liaw JJL, Park JH. Total arch distalization with extraalveolar miniscrews for nonextraction treatment of a patient with low-angle Class II Division 1 malocclusion: a 10-year follow-up. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop Clini Companion 2023;3:43-54). We would like to address some of the points you raised:

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the available retromolar space for ramal plates in patients with Class I and III malocclusions and compare that space with and without third molars using cone-beam computed tomography. Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography images of 30 patients (17 males, 13 females; mean age, 22.2 ± 4.5 years) with Class III malocclusion and 29 subjects (18 males, 11 females; mean age, 24.3 ± 3.7 years) with Class I malocclusion were analyzed. Available retromolar space at 4 axial levels of the second molar root and the volume of the retromolar bone were evaluated. Two-way repeated measures analysis of covariance (repeated measures analysis of covariance) was applied to compare the variables between Class I and III malocclusions and the presence of third molars. Results: Patients with Class I and III relationships showed up to 12.7 mm of available retromolar space at 2 mm apical from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ). At 8 mm apical from CEJ, patients with Class III malocclusion had 11.1 mm of space, whereas those with a Class I relationship showed 9.8 mm of available space. When patients had third molars, the amount of available retromolar space was significantly greater in patients with a Class I and III relationship. However, patients with Class III malocclusion exhibited greater available retromolar space than those with a Class I relationship (P = 0.028). In addition, the bone volume was significantly greater in patients with Class III malocclusion than in patients with a Class I relationship and those with third molars than in those without them (P <0.001). Conclusions: Class I and III groups showed the availability of at least 10.0 mm of retromolar space 2 mm apical to the CEJ for molar distalization. Based on this information, it is suggested that clinicians consider available retromolar space for molar distalization in diagnosing and planning treatment for patients with Class I and III malocclusion.