Sophia R. Sklan's research while affiliated with University of Colorado Boulder and other places

... Metamaterials are structures with properties which are not, or only rarely, found in naturally occurring materials [1]. Depending on their working principle, they can be categorized as optical [2,3], acoustic [4,5], electromagnetic [6,7], thermal [8,9] or mechanical metamaterials [10][11][12]. Mechanical metamaterials gained a lot of research interest due to their unusual mechanical properties. ...

... To perform logic operations and build useful thermal circuitry, additional operational function for phonons is desired. So far, the toolkit for phononics includes thermal diodes, [3][4][5][6][7][8] thermal transistor, [9][10][11][12][13][14] thermal logic gates, [15,16] thermal memories, [17,18] thermal regulators, [19,20] thermal switches, etc. [21,22] In addition to the phononic/thermal information processing, these devices are capable of manipulating and controlling heat energy. [22,23] The last decade, namely, from 2012 to 2022, has wit-nessed increasing research activities both from scientific and engineering communities, aiming at achieving better performance of these thermal devices. ...

... Controlling surface waves with architected materials is an open challenge in several engineering applications, ranging from microdevices for electronic components (Jin et al., 2021), like surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices, to meter-sized barriers (Huang & Shi, 2013;Liu, Qin, & Yu, 2020;Liu & Yu, 2022;Meng, Cheng, & Shi, 2020;Muhammad, Lim, & Kamil Żur, 2021;Palermo, Krödel, Marzani, & Daraio, 2016;Pu & Shi, 2018 and seismic cloaks (Sklan, Pak, & Li, 2018) for ground-borne vibrations. In the latter context, two large-scale experiments recently demonstrated that one can reflect (Brûlé, Javelaud, Enoch, & Guenneau, 2014) or even focus (Brûlé, Javelaud, Enoch, & Guenneau, 2017) surface Rayleigh waves in structured sedimentary soils. ...

... In addition, other methods can also be utilized to design invisibility cloaking, such as solving Laplace equation [3], numerical methods [4], and optimizations [5,6]. Among these methods, linear transformations (LT) are commonly used, which is mathematically simpler than the non-linear transformation (NLT) [7] and have been extended to design invisibility cloaking for other physics (e.g., electric, thermal, acoustic, etc.) [8][9][10]. Most of the early studies on invisibility cloaking are based LT, such as the experimental demonstration of the first microwave invisibility cloaking [3], conformal electromagnetic cloaking for arbitrarily shaped objects [11], open cloaking [12], elliptical acoustic/ cloaking [13], cylindrical/spherical cloaking for static fields [14,15], thermal cloaking [16], and a light-controlled tunable DC cloak [17]. ...

... Since flexible and diverse manipulation of thermal energy is essential for various aspects of human life and macroscopic thermal control significantly influences the thermal rectification effect of many thermal management problems, achieving the on-demand domination of thermal energy has long been an urgent research direction. This topic has acquired breakthroughs in recent years, given the promotion and extension of space transformation technology in the thermal field [4][5][6][7][8][9], which originated from the concept of transformation optics [10]. Transformation optics is a mathematical tool for geometric interpretation of field governing equations. ...

... In contrast to standard (nano-scale) electronic computing devices, thermodynamic neurons are not based on building blocks such as transistors; instead they can directly implement a desired logic gate. This also differentiates our model from other alternative models of computation, notably the phononbased computation [67][68][69][70][71], spintronics [72][73][74] or superconducting circuits [75]. ...

... Due to the inherent transport similarity among electrons, photons, and phonons, constructions of analog acoustic integrated circuits have received increasing attention inspired by their electronic and electromagnetic counterparts [10], which may have giant potential applications, such as adaptive noise barrier, high-resolution biomedical imaging, and large-scale acoustic information parallel processing [11][12][13]. At present, several elementary analog acoustic functional devices, e.g., acoustic diodes [14][15][16][17][18], acoustic transistors [19][20][21][22][23], acoustic modulators [24][25][26][27][28][29], acoustic switches [30][31][32][33][34][35][36], and acoustic demultiplexers [37][38][39][40][41], have been proposed to realize acoustic nonreciprocal transmissions, acoustic logic gates, and acoustic digital encoders in subwavelength scales. Note that, in analog/digital electronic integrated circuits, as a crucial device, the electroelectronic field effect transistor (EE-FET), e.g., the metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), exerts an augmented electric field to control the current flow from the source terminal to the drain terminal. ...

... field surrounds the interior domain. Since the elastic wave equations depend upon a Laplacian, they obey the mean value theorem, implying that such a uniform energy buildup is able to penetrate through any cloak, even a perfect one [43][44][45][46]. However, for a perfect cloak, the penetration would merely imply η = 0, the presence of a negative efficiency implies that our SEC is still underperforming. ...