Soon Yil Soh’s research while affiliated with Sahmyook University and other places

Supplementary Figure 1. Nanopore sequencing depth and coverage distribution of Philodendron hederaceum chloroplast genome. The maximum depth was 1,039x, the minimal depth was 30x and the average was 431.49x.; Supplementary Figure 2. Schematic representation of cis-splicing and trans-splicing genes in Philodendron hederaceum chloroplast genome. Philodendron hederaceum chloroplast genome contained thirteen cis-splicing genes and one trans-splicing gene (rps12). In the cis-splicing map, the exons are shown in black; the introns are shown in white. In the trans-splicing map, it has three unique exons. Two of them are duplicated as they are located in the IR regions.

Philodendron hederaceum (Jacq.) Schott 1829, a species of the Araceae family, is a foliage plant of ornamental value. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Philodendron hederaceum was obtained by the de novo assembly of NovaSeq 6000 (Illumina Co., San Diego, CA) paired-end short reads and Oxford Nanopore long reads. The complete chloroplast genome of P. hederaceum was 168,609 bp in length, with a large single-copy (LSC) region of 94,393 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 25,774 bp, and a pair of identical inverted repeat regions (IRs) of 24,221 bp. The genome contained a total of 129 genes, including 85 protein-coding genes, 36 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and eight ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. The phylogenetic analysis of P. hederaceum with 19 related species and two outgroup species revealed the closest taxonomical relationship with Philodendron lanceolatum in the Araceae family.

Echeveria lilacina Kimnach & Moran 1980 is a succulent plant having ornamental and ecological importance. In this study, the first complete chloroplast genome of Echeveria lilacina, a species belonging to the Crassulaceae family, was characterized from the de novo assembly of Illumina NovaSeq 6000 paired-end sequencing data. The chloroplast genome of E. lilacina is 150,080 bp in length, which includes a large single-copy (LSC) region of 81,741 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 16,747 bp, and a pair of identical inverted repeat regions (IRs) of 25,796 bp each. The genome annotation revealed a total of 138 genes, including 87 protein-coding genes, 41 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and 10 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. The phylogenetic analysis with 15 complete chloroplast genome sequences including outgroup showed that E. lilacina formed the closest taxonomical relationship with Graptopetalum amethystinum in the Crassulaceae family.

Plants under the genus Orostachys have been known as medicinal plants. This study deems to determine the growth and leaf color of Orostachys japonica and O. boehmeri when subjected to various LED light sources. A total of seven LED light treatments were used, i.e. red (630 nm), green (520 nm), blue (450 nm), purple (650 and 450 nm), 3000 K white (455, 600 nm), 4100 K white (455, 590 nm), and 6500 K white (450, 545 nm) LEDs. Results showed that O. japonica plants showed favorable growth under 4100 K white LED, while O. boehmeri plants had a positive growth response under white light LEDs (3000, 4100, and 6500 K). In leaf color analysis, the use of green LED showed the greatest change in CIELAB L * and b * values which were relatively higher compared to other treatments indicating that leaves turned yellowish. Further statistical analysis using Pearson’s correlation also suggested that there is a small negative association between dry weight and b * values of O. japonica, and a negative moderate association between plant weights (fresh and dry weight) and leaf color (L * and b * ) and positive association between said plant weights and a * color values of O. boehmeri. Therefore, it is recommended to cultivate O. japonica under 4100 K white LED and O. boehmeri under 3000, 4100, 6500 K white LEDs.

Delosperma cooperi is a perennial herbaceous succulent that grows wild in Lesotho and the Republic of South Africa. As a ground cover plant and as an indoor ornamental plant, it has a high horticultural value. It is essential to fully understand the conditions and other factors that play a key role in higher propagation success to reduce labor costs and efficiently propagate. Optimal cultivation methods for the vegetative propagation of D . cooperi has not yet been studied. In this study, the effects of shading levels (50%, 65%, 80%, 95%, and 98%), various soil mixes (decomposed granite, perlite, river sand, fertilizer-amended media, and vermiculite), and fertilization rates (Control, 500, 750, 1,000, and 2,000 ppm) on the propagation success, growth, and development of D. cooperi were investigated. According to the results, the best growth condition for propagating this succulent was subjecting them to 50% shading conditions using vermiculite (VL):fertilizer-amended media (FM):perlite (PL) (3:2:5, v/v/v) as soil media with the application of 1000 ppm fertilization rates to enhance plant growth. The leaf color of D. cooperi was dark green (RHS N137A, 147A) at a shading level of 65% or less, and the leaf color changed to yellow (RHS 146A, 147B, 148A) at the shading level of 80% or more. The correlations between CIELAB L* and b* values with plant growth parameters were analyzed in the shading levels study, and they showed a negative correlation with each other. However, there was no correlation between growth parameters and leaf color in the fertilization rates study.

Abstract This work investigated the extraction efficacy of phenolic acids on the potato and its byproducts. Also, the compositions of bioactive compounds and antioxidants were evaluated in various parts of the potato, such as the tuber, microtuber, peel, and flesh. The chemical constituents were quantified by HPLC analysis, and the highest levels of phenolics (88.99 mg/L) were obtained in acetone extracts from a micropropagated potato. The micropropagated potato demonstrated that notable phenolic compounds were mainly a bound form of phenolic acids including caffeic acid and vanillic acid. The micropropagated extracts using acetone showed the higher radical scavenging activity, 94.3% and 95.5% at 5 mg/mL in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS·+), respectively. In addition, the same extracts showed the highest (85.61%) β-carotene bleaching inhibition activity. A positive relationship existed between DPPH and either ABTS·+ (r = 0.58, p

In propagating succulents, the most common way of reproducing plants is through the use of leaf cuttings. The use of auxin and cytokinin was evaluated on two Echeveria species (E. subsessilis and E.runyonii). The study was done in a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement in completely randomized design with three replications having 10 leaf cuttings per replication with a total of 30 leaves per treatment for each species. Three (3) levels of auxin as represented by the use of IBA (0, 100 ppm or 4.92 mol -1 and 500 ppm or 24.60 mol -1 ), cytokinin represented by Kinetin (0, 100 ppm or 4.65 mol -1 and 200 pp or 9.84 mol -1 ) and their interaction. Results revealed that among auxin levels,100 ppm IBA was favorable to both species which significantly increased shoot height and diameter. The application of cytokinin at 100 ppm Ki had also significantly higher shoots, diameter, and lowest percent mortality. Based on their interaction the application of 100 ppm IBA and Ki are recommended for application for increased shoot growth and development for leaf cuttings, however, in the case of independent hormone use, the application of 100 ppm IBA may be recommended for application.

Background Bioactives extracted from cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) stems were investigated for their chemopreventive activities using human cancer cells in vitro. The bioactives present in crude extracts were detected and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography.ResultsAmong all the extracts, such as hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), acetone, methanol (MeOH), and MeOH:water (80:20), the MeOH extract had the highest amount of polyphenolic compounds and the acetone extract exhibited the most potent effect at scavenging the 2,2,-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonicacid (ABTS·+) radical. In addition, most of the extracts, with the exception of hexane, exhibited significant cytotoxicity in human SW480 colon and MCF7 breast cancer cells. Overall, the SW480 cells were more sensitive than the MCF7 cells to the cytotoxic effect of the O. ficus-indica extracts (OFEs). Cell death by OFE treatment caused significant inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and increased the Bax/Bcl2 ratio in both SW480 and MCF7 cell lines. However, degradation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) was significantly increased by OFE only in the MCF7 cells, thereby inducing apoptosis.Conclusion These findings demonstrate the health-benefit roles, including anti-oxidative and anti-proliferative activities as well as pro-apoptotic effects, of bioactive compounds in OFEs, suggesting a chemopreventive role in human cancer cells.