Songjia Tang’s research while affiliated with First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University and other places

Background and Aims Influenza is one of the most widespread respiratory infections and poses a huge burden on health care worldwide. Vaccination is key to preventing and controlling influenza. Influenza vaccine hesitancy is an important reason for the low vaccination rate. In 2019, Vaccine hesitancy was identified as one of the top 10 threats to global health by the World Health Organization. However, there remains a glaring scarcity of bibliometric research in that regard. This study sought to identify research hotspots and future development trends on influenza vaccine hesitation and provide a new perspective and reference for future research. Methods We retrieved publications on global influenza vaccine hesitancy from the Web of Science Core Collection database, Scopus, and PubMed databases from inception to 2022. This study used VOSviewer and CiteSpace for visualization analysis. Results Influenza vaccine hesitancy‐related publications increased rapidly from 2012 and peaked in 2022. One hundred and nine countries contributed to influenza vaccine hesitation research, and the United States ranked first with 541 articles and 7161 citations. Vaccines‐Basel was the journal with the largest number of published studies on influenza vaccine hesitations. MacDonald was the most frequently cited author. The most popular research topics on influenza vaccine hesitancy were (1) determinants of influenza vaccination in specific populations, such as healthcare workers, children, pregnant women, and so on; (2) influenza and COVID‐19 vaccine hesitancy during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Conclusions The trend in the number of annual publications related to influenza vaccine hesitancy indicating the COVID‐19 pandemic will prompt researchers to increase their attention to influenza vaccine hesitancy. With healthcare workers as the key, reducing vaccine hesitancy and improving vaccine acceptance in high‐risk groups will be the research direction in the next few years.

Background This study aimed to construct a risk prediction model to estimate the odds of osteoporosis (OP) in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and evaluate its prediction efficiency. Methods This study included 21,070 elderly patients with T2DM who were hospitalized at six tertiary hospitals in Southwest China between 2012 and 2022. Univariate logistic regression analysis was used to screen for potential influencing factors of OP and least absolute shrinkage. Further, selection operator regression (LASSO) and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to select variables for developing a novel predictive model. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), calibration curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), and clinical impact curve (CIC) were used to evaluate the performance and clinical utility of the model. Results The incidence of OP in elderly patients with T2DM was 7.01% (1,476/21,070). Age, sex, hypertension, coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction, hyperlipidemia, and surgical history were the influencing factors. The seven-variable model displayed an AUROC of 0.713 (95% confidence interval [CI]:0.697–0.730) in the training set, 0.716 (95% CI: 0.691–0.740) in the internal validation set, and 0.694 (95% CI: 0.653–0.735) in the external validation set. The optimal decision probability cut-off value was 0.075. The calibration curve (bootstrap = 1,000) showed good calibration. In addition, the DCA and CIC demonstrated good clinical practicality. An operating interface on a webpage ( https://juntaotan.shinyapps.io/osteoporosis/ ) was developed to provide convenient access for users. Conclusions This study constructed a highly accurate model to predict OP in elderly patients with T2DM. This model incorporates demographic characteristics and clinical risk factors and may be easily used to facilitate individualized prediction.

Background Length of stay (LOS) is an important metric for evaluating the management of inpatients. This study aimed to explore the factors impacting the LOS of inpatients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and develop a predictive model for the early identification of inpatients with prolonged LOS. Methods A 13-year multicenter retrospective study was conducted on 83,776 patients with T2DM to develop and validate a clinical predictive tool for prolonged LOS. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model and multivariable logistic regression analysis were adopted to build the risk model for prolonged LOS, and a nomogram was taken to visualize the model. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis and clinical impact curves were used to respectively validate the discrimination, calibration, and clinical applicability of the model. Results The result showed that age, cerebral infarction, antihypertensive drug use, antiplatelet and anticoagulant use, past surgical history, past medical history, smoking, drinking, and neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio were closely related to the prolonged LOS. Area under the curve values of the nomogram in the training, internal validation, external validation set 1, and external validation set 2 were 0.803 (95% CI [confidence interval] 0.799–0.808), 0.794 (95% CI 0.788–0.800), 0.754 (95% CI 0.739–0.770), and 0.743 (95% CI 0.722–0.763), respectively. The calibration curves indicated that the nomogram had a strong calibration. Besides, decision curve analysis, and clinical impact curves exhibited that the nomogram had favorable clinical practical value. Besides, an online interface (https://cytjt007.shinyapps.io/prolonged_los/) was developed to provide convenient access for users. Conclusion In sum, the proposed model could predict the possible prolonged LOS of inpatients with T2DM and help the clinicians to improve efficiency in bed management.

A large number of papers have been published since the discovery of the monkeypox virus (MPXV). In 2022, human MPXV broke out in the USA and many European countries, and on July 23 of that year, the World Health Organization declared the MPXV outbreak a "Public Health Emergency of International Concern." In this study, we performed bibliometric analysis of MPXV literature published in core journals of the Web of Science core Collection database, which was conducted on 956 articles from 2000 to 2022. We analyzed the publication country, subject category, main authors and institutions, research hotspots of important publications and research frontiers. Through the analysis of keywords co-occurrence, multi-cited literature and co-cited literature, the research hotspots and trends were summarized. This report revealed that MPXV research has focused on hot areas such as infection and vaccination. Since the 2022 human MPXV outbreak, researchers have increasingly focused on infection control, vaccines, and treatment of monkeypox. This article summarizes the research directions and hotspots of MPXV related literature since the 2000, and we hope to provide support and clear research ideas for the future research and prevention of MPXV in humans.

Information release is a key to the macro-economy during the outbreak of the Coronavirus Diosease-2019 (COVID-19). To explore the relationship between information supply by the government and public information demand in the pandemic, this study collected over 4,000 posts published on the most popular social media platform, i.e., WeChat. Many approaches, such as text mining, are employed to explore the information at different stages during the pandemic. According to the results, the government attached great importance to the information related to the pandemic. The main topics of information released by the government included the latest situation of the pandemic, announcements by the State Council, and prevention policies for COVID-19. Information mismatch between the public and Chinese governments contributed to the economic depression caused by the pandemic. Specifically, the topics of “the latest situation” and “popular scientific knowledge regarding the pandemic” have gained the most attention of the public. The information demand of the public has changed from the pandemic itself to the recovery of social life and industrial activities after the authority announced the control of the pandemic. However, during the recession phase, the information demand has shifted to asymptomatic infections and global pandemic trends. By contrast, some of the main topics provided by the government, such as “How beautiful you are,” were excessive because the public demand is insufficient. Therefore, severe mismatches existed between information release of the government and public information demand during the pandemic, which impeded the recovery of the economy. The results in this study provide strategical suggestions of information release and opinion guidance for the authorities.

Background: Short peptide hydrogel was reported as a possible adjuvant for vaccines. In order to evaluate whether the Tetra-Peptide Hydrogel can be a promising adjuvant for an H7N9 vaccine against the highly pathogenic H7N9 virus, we conducted this study. Methods: Tetra-Peptide Hydrogels (D and L conformations) were prepared by a self-assembly system using a Naproxen acid modified tetra peptide of GFFY (Npx-GFFY). Mice received two immunizations with the D-Tetra-Peptide Hydrogel adjuvant vaccine, the L-Tetra-Peptide Hydrogel adjuvant vaccine, or the split vaccine. Fourteen days following the second dose, the mice were challenged with the highly pathogenic A/Guangdong/GZ8H002/2017(H7N9) virus. The mice were observed for signs of illness, weight loss, pathological alterations of the lung tissues and immune responses in the following 2 weeks. Results: The D/L-Tetra-Peptide Hydrogels resembled long bars with hinges on each other, with a diameter of ~10 nm. The H7N9 vaccine was observed to adhere to the hydrogel. All the unvaccinated mice were dead by 8 days post infection with H7N9. The mice immunized by the split H7N9 vaccine were protected against infection with H7N9. Mice immunized by D/L-Tetra-Peptide Hydrogel adjuvant vaccines experienced shorter symptomatic periods and their micro-neutralization titers were higher than in the split H7N9 vaccine at 2 weeks post infection. The hemagglutinating inhibition (HI) titer in the L-Tetra-Peptide Hydrogel adjuvant vaccine group was higher than that in the split H7N9 vaccine 1 week and 2 weeks post infection. The HI titer in the D-Tetra-Peptide Hydrogel adjuvant vaccine group was higher than that in the split H7N9 vaccine at 2 weeks post infection. Conclusion: The D/L Tetra-Peptide Hydrogels increased the protection of the H7N9 vaccine and could be promising adjuvants for H7N9 vaccines against highly pathogenic H7N9 virus.

Background Eyelashes play an important role in perception of beauty and protection of eyeballs. The outcome of eyelash restoration varies and mainly depends on the surgeon’s technique and no standard procedure exists. Aims To evaluate the effect of modified single‐hair follicular unit grafting to aesthetically restore eyelashes and provide a potential alternative of standard procedure. Patients and Methods A total of 34 patients with sparse or partially absent eyelashes who underwent modified procedure were included. Single‐hair grafts were harvested from the donor site (post‐auricular, nape, frontal hairline area). Grafts were transplanted with 23 gauge needle and fine forceps in the modified procedure. The patients were followed for a mean of 12 months after surgery. Results All patients were satisfied with the result 12 months after the surgery. An average of 46.5 grafts (34‐68) were transplanted in each upper eyelid. The mean graft survival rate after 1 year was 87.2% (84%‐92%). Of the 34 patients, 3 patients received a second session to achieve a denser appearance. No significant complication as trichiasis, infection, scarring or eyeball injury occurred. Conclusion This modified single‐hair follicular unit grafting is a good alternative for aesthetic eyelash restoration with good cosmetic results, relative easy maintenance, lack of complications, and long‐term patient satisfaction.

Background Radiation-induced injuries (RII) mainly result from reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are harmful compounds that can damage DNA. Asiaticoside (AC), one of the main functional components extracted from Centella asiatica, has potent pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity. However, its role in RII remains unclear. Purpose The purpose of the current study is to investigate whether AC can mitigate RII in vitro and in vivo . Material and Methods Cell model of RII was successfully established by 5J/m 2 radiation in vitro . For the in vivo RII model, mice were irradiated with 5 Gy to the thorax. The degree of damage to cells or mouse tissue was determined by measuring the numbers of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), oxidative stress, and mouse survival rates. Results In the in vitro assay, AC administration significantly reduced radiation-induced growth inhibition of Escherichia coli and fibroblasts, DSBs and apoptosis of fibroblasts; in the in vivo study, AC could decrease antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of plasma and protect mice from RII, thereby improving the survival rates of mice after radiation. Conclusions These novel data indicate that AC is able to prevent radiation-initiated genotoxicity by mitigating DNA damage, and might serve as a safe and effective radio-protective agent.

Objective To review the application and research progress of transcutaneous oxygen pressure (TcPO 2) in scar assessment. Methods The original articles about scar and TcPO 2 were reviewed and analyzed. Results Hypoxia environment plays an important role in the progression of scar tissue. TcPO 2 can accurately reflect the oxygen tension of scar tissue, which is of great significance in the assessment of scar maturity, the guidance of scar treatment, and the study of correlations between hypoxia and the progression of scar. Conclusion TcPO 2 measurement is important in the study of scar evaluation, treatment, and correlation between hypoxia and scar formation.