February 2025
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11 Reads
Pancreatology
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February 2025
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11 Reads
Pancreatology
December 2024
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41 Reads
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1 Citation
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is becoming more common than first‐line therapy for pancreaticobiliary duct disorders. However, post‐ERCP pancreatitis is the most common complication of ERCPs, and affects about 10% of cases. In this review, we provide an overview of the mechanisms purported to cause post‐ERCP pancreatitis as well as associated risk factors. We discuss measures that are in practice for post‐ERCP pancreatitis pharmaco‐prophylaxis, along with advances in the pipeline. We emphasize that there is still a pressing need to narrow the incidence of post‐ERCP pancreatitis and that a mechanistic approach may reveal the greatest benefit from utilizing a combination of targets.
December 2024
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3 Reads
Pancreatology
November 2024
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5 Reads
June 2024
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11 Reads
Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
May 2024
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7 Reads
May 2024
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4 Reads
Gastroenterology
May 2024
February 2024
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8 Reads
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1 Citation
Journal of Pancreatology
The “omics” revolution has transformed the biomedical research landscape by equipping scientists with the ability to interrogate complex biological phenomenon and disease processes at an unprecedented level. The volume of “big” data generated by the different omics studies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics has led to the concurrent development of computational tools to enable in silico analysis and aid data deconvolution. Considering the intensive resources and high costs required to generate and analyze big data, there has been centralized, collaborative efforts to make the data and analysis tools freely available as “Open Source,” to benefit the wider research community. Pancreatology research studies have contributed to this “big data rush” and have additionally benefitted from utilizing the open source data as evidenced by the increasing number of new research findings and publications that stem from such data. In this review, we briefly introduce the evolution of open source omics data, data types, the “FAIR” guiding principles for data management and reuse, and centralized platforms that enable free and fair data accessibility, availability, and provide tools for omics data analysis. We illustrate, through the case study of our own experience in mining pancreatitis omics data, the power of repurposing open source data to answer translationally relevant questions in pancreas research.
September 2023
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24 Reads
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2 Citations
Pancreatology
... Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal digestive system tumors [1][2][3] . ...
February 2024
Journal of Pancreatology
... Studying the pathophysiological mechanisms of inflammatory pancreatic diseases in humans is challenging due to the inaccessibility and risks of pancreatic tissue samples. Recent studies have shown that pancreatic inflammatory responses and immunological mechanisms can be characterized by analyzing immune signatures in the systemic circulation 8, [29][30][31] . We hypothesize that patients with CP at different clinical stages (suspected vs. definitive CP according to the M-ANNHEIM criteria) have distinct concentrations of systemic macrophage-specific biomarkers. ...
April 2023
Gastroenterology
... [55] Additionally, preclinical intraductal delivery of calcineurin inhibitor formulations was safe and well tolerated in mice. [56] This initial work has led to human clinical trials. One prospective pilot study involved patients who had undergone ERCP; patients were randomized into a control group and a group receiving tacrolimus at 8 pm on the day preceding ERCP and at 8 am on the day of ERCP. ...
March 2023
Pancreatology
... Unfortunately, the GBD lumps together the three subtypes, thus making trends in incidence versus prevalence more challenging to interpret. Are the baseline differences among regions for pediatric pancreatitis from the GBD, or the trends within regions, associated with genetic predisposition or environmental exposures, for example, from nutritional deficiencies, 10 that are implicated with pancreatitis susceptibility? ...
March 2023
Science Translational Medicine
... In contrast to experimental pancreatitis models that have been used for decades, investigation of GEMMs associated with mutations in the trypsin-dependent pathway has started only recently [13,[38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50]. As illustrated in Table 1, there are numerous gaps in our current knowledge on whether and to what extent the basal pancreatic trypsin activity increases in these models (see the discussion below in "The role of trypsin in HP-related GEMMs"). ...
February 2023
Gastroenterology
... better" was not considered a positive response Kozarek et al 27 Pancreatitis episodes per year Change in chronic pain Coleman et al 28 A questionnaire asking about frequency and severity of pain before and after the procedure Lehman et al 28 Clinical improvement was assessed by comparison of symptoms (using a 0 to 10 scale) and number of hospital days per month required for pain or pancreatitis for an equal period of time before and after therapy Lans et al 30 The effectiveness of treatment was documented using the questionnaire method during each visit or telephone conversation. The following criteria were evaluated: (1) the number of hospitalizations and emergency room visits for abdominal, (2) the number of documented episodes of acute pancreatitis, and (3) patients' overall general feeling was graded on the visual analog scale Siegel et al 31 NA Satterfield et al 32 Reduction of symptom score and number of hospitalizations Mccarthy et al 33 Fewer attacks of pancreatitis, and fewer visits to the emergency room Zhang et al 34 Success rate represented the technical success rate of ERCP, which meant ERCP procedures, such as MiES and EDSi, were performed as planned Barakat et al 35 Fewer pancreatitis episodes, less baseline pain, and overall more mild pancreatitis-associated symptoms pooled rate of adverse events was 24% (95% CI: 17-32, I 2 = 85%). All results along with the adverse event subtypes are summarized in Table 3. Supplementary Figures 6 to 12, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/JCG/ ...
December 2022
Pancreatology
... 6 However, multiple studies since then have shown inconsistencies with this initial assertion, including a German study from 1986 in which patients with severe EPI (lipase <10%) were found to have normal fat excretion whereas other patients with moderate disease had steatorrhea. 7 Regardless of the severity of EPI, reduction of pancreatic enzyme secretion in an individual can result in malabsorption of nutrients, which subsequently requires intervention to restore effective nutrient digestion and absorption. There are a multitude of etiologies of EPI that can result via inadequate synthesis and secretion of pancreatic enzymes, decreased pancreatic stimulation, pancreatic ductal obstruction, and decreased pancreatic enzyme activity in the small bowel. ...
November 2022
Gastro Hep Advances
... Further causes for pancreatitis, such as a history of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, hypercalcemia, hypertriglyceridemia, infections, genetics, autoimmune diseases, and trauma were not present in the patient. In addition, many drugs are reported to induce pancreatic damage [15]; however, pancreatitis associated with intake of tizanidine. zolpidem and mirtazapine occurred either shortly after initiation of the drugs [16] or with concomitant precipitating disorders, such as alcohol abuse or hypertriglyceridemia [17,18]. ...
September 2022
Current Opinion in Gastroenterology
... Moreover, the pancreatic expression of calcineurin mediates pancreatic necroptosis. This emphasizes the function of calcineurin and its potential as a target for calcineurin inhibitor-based PEP prophylaxis [47,48]. ...
July 2022
Pancreatology
... 34 However, early diagnosis and sufficient management are central to avoid diabetic complications. 35 Persisting IDDM is a known long-term sequelae to AP and AAP (Figure 1), 10,36 and is classified as type 3c diabetes mellitus (T3cDM), although patients with T3cDM are often misdiagnosed as having type 2 diabetes. 27 In a large pediatric cohort of non-ASNase AP, 7.7% of patients were diagnosed with IDDM within 6 years from AP diagnosis. ...
March 2022
Pancreas