Silviu OJOG’s research while affiliated with Bucharest University of Economic Studies and other places

The awareness towards global changes has increased in recent years and has created pressure for energy providers to improve not only their activity but also the way they communicate their actions, initiatives and commitments and how they report them to the general public. Recognizing this imperative, in January 2022, the European Commission proposed the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) to revise and strengthen the existing Non-Financial Reporting Directive (NFRD). With the CSRD's help, sustainability reporting is getting a significant improvement. Now, everything is more transparent and matches up better than other reports created before because it was built around transparency first. This means way less guesswork for anyone needing this information whether it is an investor trying not to worry about their next big decision, consumers, or regulatory bodies. We analyzed the top 15 entities in the electrical energy production sector in Romania, based on their turnover reports at the end of their financial activities for 2022, and we wanted to find out how they articulated and showcased their commitment to social responsibility through their websites and non-financial reports. By examining these reports closely, we uncovered layers of commitment across different sectors from ESG pillars (environmental, social, and governance) – how businesses dedicated to sustainable growth and interacted with stakeholders and by looking closely at these reports, the analysis is not only a point of reference for industry practices but also a better understanding of social responsibility in the specific context of the energy sector.

Distributed ledger technology (DLT) and blockchain are very popular these days, especially due to the cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, Ethereum, Dogecoin, and others. To better understand these cryptocurrencies and the related transactions, it is important to know how these technologies work and how secure they are. This paper presents the concepts, technologies, and security issues related to blockchain with respect to the economy.

Decentralized finance (DeFi) is the term used to describe financial applications and services built on blockchain, the technology behind cryptocurrencies. DeFi uses blockchain as a trust mechanism, enabling unknown parties to transact with each other, removing unnecessary intermediaries, and lowering transaction costs. In order to seize the potential of blockchain technology in this particular industry and how it can be translated into other niches, it is necessary to understand its mechanics, implications, and particularities. This paper aims to present the operating principles, technologies, and security implications related to blockchain-based decentralized finance.