Shiwei Zhou's research while affiliated with RMIT University and other places
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Publications (129)
Topology optimization has the potential to be widely applied to produce innovative and efficient structures, allowing engineers to optimize their aesthetics and performance. This article adopted a 172-line Matlab code TriTOP172 to implement topology optimization in the unstructured triangular mesh using the bi-directional evolutionary structural op...
This work uses the zero-level contour of a parameterized level set function, a linear combination of cubic B-spline basis functions, to express the structural profile in structural topology optimization. Together with mean compliance, diffusion energy is minimized under a volume constraint to control the structural complexity. The design variables,...
Besides constituting components, the properties of composites are highly relevant to their microstructures. The work proposed a fast Fourier transform (FFT)-based inverse homogenization method implemented by the bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO) technique to explore the vast potential of cellular materials. The periodic bou...
![Fig. 5: Nominal and fail-safe examples from [6]. Both designs are...](profile/Yi-Xie-28/publication/360931717/figure/fig4/AS:1161080004968456@1653834453885/Nominal-and-fail-safe-examples-from-6-Both-designs-are-optimized-for-minimum_Q320.jpg)
To investigate the characteristics of optimal fail-safe structures subjected to single and multi-member damage scenarios, we consider a pin-jointed cantilever truss with all members directly connected from the load point to the boundary. Two problem formulations are considered-minimizing the compliance with a volume constraint and minimizing the vo...
The bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO) method effectively uses basic strategies of removing and adding material based on element sensitivity. However, challenges remain in generating smooth boundaries to improve the finite element analysis accuracy and achieve structural aesthetics. This work develops a body-fitted triangula...
This work proposes a nodal‐based evolutionary design optimization algorithm to design frame structures whose edges are the Delaunay triangulation of homogeneously distributed nodes in the design domain. The remaining nodes can freely sway in the design domain except for the loading nodes and boundary nodes. As a result, it can extend the space of a...
Structural topology optimization aims to extremize the mechanical or physical properties such as stiffness, thermal conduction, or specified displacement under one or more constraints by designing material distribution within a given design domain. In the last decade, structural topology optimization is widely applied in the additive manufacturing...
In this paper, a recently-developed phase-field damage model is incorporated into the topology optimization framework to take into account crack initiation and propagation in a path-dependent fashion. The proposed topological design can enhance fracture resistance of structures made of brittle materials such as advanced ceramics. For the first time...
The level set method can express smooth boundaries in structural topology optimization with the level set function's zero-level contour. However, most applications still use rectangular/hexahedral mesh in finite element analysis, which results in zigzag interfaces between the void and solid phases. We propose a reaction diffusion-based level set me...
Complex dynamics of phase changes occur when the alloy solution's temperature suddenly drops below a critical value. The well-known Cahn-Hilliard model shows that a system of fourth-order parabolic partial equations controls this intricate process. However, the Cahn-Hilliard equation with more than four component phases in three dimensions has not...
The image segmentation of computed tomography data for three-dimensional biological structures remains challenging because of the limitations of existing numerical techniques and computer resources. The work represents the structures as the zero-level contour of a level set function whose value is constrained to a narrow band ranging. A cost functi...
Numerical investigation into the impact-resistance of complex biological organs remains challenging because of the difficulties in obtaining accurate models and precise material properties. In this work, the elegance of a woodpecker's head, including a slender hyoid connected by a spherical hinge and two revolute hinges, a long upper beak, a short...
The reconstruction of three-dimensional biological structures from magnetic resonance image and computed tomography data remains challenging because of the limitations of existing numerical techniques and substantial computer resources required. The work renders the structure as the zero-level contour of a level set function, which converges to the...
Fracture is one of the most common failure modes in brittle materials. It can drastically decrease material integrity and structural strength. To address this issue, we propose a level-set (LS) based topology optimization procedure to optimize the distribution of reinforced inclusions within matrix materials subject to the volume constraint for max...
Traditional auxetic lattices are featured with negative Poisson's ratio but weak stiffness. In this work, a set of auxetic lattices with enhanced stiffness are proposed by adding a strengthening rib into conventional auxetic unit cells in a direction perpendicular to the re-entrant direction. The effective mechanical properties of these variants ar...
Nature provides inspirations for solving many challenging scientific and technological problems. In this study, a computational methodology is developed for the morphological optimization of three-dimensional, multi-component biological organs. The structural optimization of scorpion telson, which consists of a curved stinger and a venom container,...
Structural shape and topology optimization has undergone tremendous developments in recent years due to its important applications in many fields. However, effectively controlling the structural complexity of the optimization result remains a challenging issue. The structural complexity is usually characterized by the distribution and geometries of...
The mechanical properties and biological functions of tissues and organs in plants are closely related to their structural forms. In this study, we have performed systematic measurements and found that the leaves and stalks of several species of emergent plants exhibit morphologies of twisting and gradient chirality. Inspired by the experimental fi...
A novel auxetic metamaterial which is organized in the lattice is presented in this paper. Dynamic uniaxial impact behavior of the auxetic lattice using experiment and finite element simulation is investigated. The corresponding results have proved that the plastic beam-based finite element model has good agreement with the experiment. To explore t...
Additive manufacturing has the potential to provide novel solutions for fabricating complex structures. However, one of the main obstacles for such methods is the anisotropic mechanical properties of the manufactured product, which hinder the popularization of additive manufacturing in modern industries. Here, a simple yet versatile algorithm is in...
The physical and mechanical properties of cellular materials not only depend on the constituent materials but also on the microstructures. Here we show that, when the cellular materials are constructed by self-repeated representative volume elements, their effective elastic tensor can be obtained by a fast Fourier transform-based homogenization met...
Shape and topology optimization techniques are widely used to maximize the performance or minimize the weight of a structure through optimally distributing its material within a prescribed design domain. However, existing optimization techniques usually produce a single optimal solution for a given problem. In practice, it is highly desirable to ob...
Objectives:
This study aimed to develop a simple and efficient numerical modeling approach for characterizing strain and total strain energy in bone scaffolds implanted in patient-specific anatomical sites.
Materials and methods:
A simplified homogenization technique was developed to substitute a detailed scaffold model with the same size and eq...
The weak stiffness and strength of materials with negative Poisson’s ratio limits their application. In this paper, three types of novel lattices with negative Poisson’s ratio are proposed to improve not only stiffness and strength but also energy absorption capacity by embedding different ribs into a classic re-entrant structure. Unit cell analyse...
Being one of the commonest deformation modes for soft matters, shell buckling is the primary reason for the growth and nastic movement of many plants, as well as the formation of complex natural morphology. On-demand regulation of buckling-induced deformation associated with wrinkling, ruffling, folding, creasing and delaminating has profound impli...
It remains a puzzling issue why and how the organs in plants living in the same natural environment evolve into a wide variety of geometric architecture. In this work, we explore, through a combination of experimental and numerical methods, the biomechanical morphogenesis of the leaves and stalks of representative emergent plants, which can stand u...
Unlike planar metamaterials, often named as metasurfaces for their extraordinary surface properties, which can be conveniently printed by various lithographic techniques, e.g. focused‐ion beam milling and direct laser writing, it is a great challenge to produce three‐dimensional (3D) metamaterials efficiently and precisely, especially for those com...
Conventional metamaterials are usually confined to planar settings due to the fabrication challenges at the nanoscale. Here, we explore the shape transformation of metasurfaces into three-dimensional metamaterials to generate some on-demand plasmon modes which would be otherwise unachievable in two dimensions. This method is inspired by the bucklin...
Three novel types of multi-cell tubular structures with pre-folded origami patterns were proposed in this paper, aimed at reducing the initial peak force and the crushing force fluctuation while maintaining or increasing the specific energy absorption during uniaxial crush. Experimentally validated finite element modelling was conducted to study th...
Phononic crystals are known as artificial materials that can manipulate the propagation of elastic waves, and one essential feature of phononic crystals is the existence of forbidden frequency range of traveling waves called band gaps. In this paper, we have proposed an easy way to design phononic crystals with large in-plane band gaps. We demonstr...
In this paper, we propose a general mechanism to realize a uniform global motion of an n-level hierarchical structure constructed by base components of various shapes, which has only n degrees of freedom. The uniform global motion of the components at the same level of hierarchy is synchronized and independent of movements at other levels. The sign...
Structure of tissue scaffold plays a critical role in guiding and supporting cell proliferation and differentiation. One widely accepted way to create a desirable biomechanical environment is to have it match the mechanical and biological properties of native host tissue. However, conventional design process typically involves laborious trial and e...
A common spinning toy, called “buzzer”, consists of a perforated disk and flexible threads. Despite of its simple construction, a buzzer can effectively transfer translational motions into high-speed rotations. In the present work, we find that the disk can be spun by hand at an extremely high rotational speed, e.g., 200,000 rpm, which is much fast...
In this paper, the crushing performance of two novel types of tubular structures with predesigned Yoshimura-pattern and ellipsoidal dimples were studied by using finite element modelling and compared with conventional circular tubes. The influence of structural arrangement of representative structural units and material properties on the mechanical...
Pump drill is an easily constructed ancient device that has been used for centuries to start fires and bore holes. It can effectively transfer rhythmic translational motions into vibratory, bi-directional rotary insertions. Here we explore, both experimentally and theoretically, the kinematics, dynamics, and potential applications of pump drills. T...
All-angle negative refraction (AANR) of phononic crystals and its frequency range are dependent on mechanical properties of constituent materials and their spatial distribution. So far, it is impossible to achieve the maximum operation frequency range of AANR theoretically. In this paper, we will present a numerical approach for designing a two-dim...
Phononic crystals are periodic structures known for their abilities to alter the propagation of acoustic or elastic waves, and their characteristics are greatly dependent on the topological configurations of constituent materials within the unit cell. Thus it is possible to engineer a phononic crystal for specific functionality by tailoring its top...
A structured porous metamaterial includes a three-dimensional matrix of at least one repeating base unit. The matrix is formed from an array of at least eight base units, each base unit including a platonic solid including at least one shaped Void, wherein each base unit has void geometry tailored to provide a porosity of between 0.3 and 0.97, and...
![The comparison of experimental data [25] with the computational results...](publication/311505502/figure/fig4/AS:1165373894336522@1654858196294/The-comparison-of-experimental-data-25-with-the-computational-results-for-the-effective_Q320.jpg)
The size effects that reveal the dramatic changes of mechanical behaviour at nanoscales have traditionally been analysed for regular beam systems. Here, the method of using finite-element analysis is explored with the intention of evaluating the size effects for complex nanostructures. The surface elasticity theory and generalized Young-Laplace equ...
The shape-morphing behaviours of some biological systems have drawn considerable interest over many years. This paper divulges that the opening and closing mechanism of pine cones is attributed to the self-bending of their scales, which undergo three states of humidity-driven deformation in terms of Föppl-von Kármán plate theory. Both numerical sim...
The shape transformation of some biological systems inspires scientists to create sophisticated structures at the nano- and macro- scales. However, to be useful in engineering, the mechanics of governing such a spontaneous, parallel and large deformation must be well understood. In this study, a kirigami approach is used to fold a bilayer planar sh...
Phononic band gap crystals are made of periodic inclusions embedded in a base material, which can forbid the propagation of elastic and acoustic waves within certain range of frequencies. In the past two decades, the systematic design of phononic band gap crystals has attracted increasing attention due to their wide practical applications such as s...
One of the critical issues in orthopaedic regenerative medicine is the design of bone scaffolds and implants that replicate the biomechanical properties of the host bones. Porous metals have found themselves to be suitable candidates for repairing or replacing the damaged bones since their stiffness and porosity can be adjusted on demands. Another...
This paper systematically investigated the topological design of cellular phononic crystals with a maximized gap size between two adjacent bands. Considering that the obtained structures may sustain a certain amount of static loadings, it is desirable to ensure the optimized designs to have a relatively high stiffness. To tackle this issue, we cond...
Thin-walled tubes are widely used as energy absorption components. In this study, two different origami
patterns were introduced to circular tubes. The influence of the origami patterns on the energy absorption capacity and the deformation mechanism of tubes under uniaxial loading were investigated
both numerically and experimentally. The results s...
One of the critical issues in orthopaedic regenerative medicine is the design of bone scaffolds and implants that replicate the biomechanical properties of the host bones. Porous metals have found themselves to be suitable candidates for repairing or replacing the damaged bones since their stiffness and porosity can be adjusted on demands. Another...
Recent advances in additive manufacturing make it possible to fabricate periodic lattice structures with complex configurations. However, a proper design strategy to achieve lattice structures with controlled anisotropy is still unavailable. There is an urgent need to fill this knowledge gap in order to develop mechanical metamaterials with prescri...
Analytical studies on the size effects of a simply-shaped beam fixed at both ends have successfully explained the sudden changes of effective Young's modulus as its diameter decreases below 100 nm. Yet they are invalid for complex nanostructures ubiquitously existing in nature. In accordance with a generalized Young-Laplace equation, one of the rep...
Minimization of the peak stresses and fracture incidence induced by mastication function is considered critical in design of all-ceramic dental restorations, especially for cantilever fixed partial dentures (FPDs). The focus of this study is on developing a mechanically-sound optimal design for all-ceramic cantilever dental bridge in a posterior re...
The present invention provides a structured porous metamaterial comprising a three-dimensional matrix of at least one repeating base unit, the matrix formed from an array of at least eight base units, each base unit comprising a platonic solid including a shaped void, wherein each base unit has void geometry tailored to:
• provide a porosity of:
a....
Metamaterials possess intricate, sub-wavelength microstructures, making scalability a salient concern in regard to their practicality. Fiber-drawing offers a route to producing large quantities of material at relatively low cost, though to our knowledge, a fiber-based design capable of negative refractive index behaviour has not yet been proposed....
Buckling of soft matter is ubiquitous in nature and has attracted increasing interest recently. This paper studies the retractile behaviors of a spherical shell perforated by sophisticated apertures, attributed to the buckling-induced large deformation. The buckling patterns observed in experiments were reproduced in computational modeling by impos...
Auxetic metamaterials have enhanced indentation and penetration resistance due to their high shear strength and modulus. Its auxetic performance under dynamic loading cases is an important property for shields and armour applications. In the present study, compressive tests at different impact velocities on buckling-induced auxetic metamaterials we...
Extraordinary electromagnetic behaviour, such as negative refractive index, can be produced in metamaterial composites. A number of impressive specimens have been produced to date, though they typically rely on conductor inclusions with intricate topologies, or dielectric inclusions with very high permittivity. We show that by designing the composi...
There has been considerable interest in materials exhibiting negative or zero compressibility. Such
materials are desirable for various applications. A number of models or mechanisms have been proposed
to characterize the unusual phenomena of negative linear compressibility (NLC) and negative area
compressibility (NAC) in natural or synthetic syste...
The significant rise in the strength and stiffness of porous materials at nanoscale cannot be described by conventional scaling laws. This letter investigates the effective Young's modulus of such materials by taking into account surface effect in a microcellular architecture designed for an ultralight material whose stiffness is an order of magnit...
