Sharon D. Morrison’s research while affiliated with University of North Carolina at Greensboro and other places

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Publications (10)


Essential(ly forgotten) workers: Latine youth farmworkers during the COVID-19 pandemic
  • Article

October 2024

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9 Reads

American Journal of Industrial Medicine

Taylor J Arnold

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Sharon D Morrison

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[...]

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Thomas A Arcury

Background Essential workers across multiple industries faced a disproportionate burden of morbidity and mortality during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The effects were especially severe for agricultural and food processing workers, many of whom are members of the structurally vulnerable Latine community. Under current U.S. federal laws, children under 12 years old can legally work in agriculture, one of the most hazardous U.S. industries. Many of these working youth are Latine and experience health and educational inequities. Methods Using a community‐based participatory research approach and a qualitative design, we conducted semi‐structured in‐depth interviews in North Carolina in 2022, with service providers in health, education, and advocacy fields ( n = 10) and Latine youth farmworkers aged 10–17 ( n = 24). We used participatory qualitative analysis methods and a reflexive thematic analysis to understand and describe the work experiences of these youth during the first 2 years of the pandemic. Results Amidst precarious economic and school situations exacerbated by the COVID‐19 pandemic, many youths described an increased need to work to support their families. While aware and sometimes fearful of the added occupational health risks of COVID‐19, youth and their families felt they had few other options. Service providers and youth described minimal employer‐provided safety protocols or equipment, yet some workers organized their own attempts at safety protocols. Youth narratives imply limited knowledge of basic workplace safety requirements. Conclusions Study findings emphasize the urgent need to address structural vulnerabilities shaping workplace policies and norms to protect Latine youth farmworkers to support their healthy development.


Self-Care of Diabetes and Diabetes Distress in Non-Hispanic Black Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

May 2024

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41 Reads

The Science of Diabetes Self-Management and Care

Purpose The purpose of the study was to describe the level of self-care of diabetes and diabetes distress and examine their relationship in non-Hispanic Black adults living with type 2 diabetes. Methods This cross-sectional, correlational study was conducted with 275 non-Hispanic Black adults with type 2 diabetes in North Carolina over 10 weeks, July 2022 to September 2022. An online survey collected sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, self-care measures of diabetes, and diabetes distress. The theory of self-care of chronic illness guided the study. Median regression examined the relationship between self-care of diabetes and diabetes distress. Results Of the 275 participants, over half reported a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes at younger ages than expected, with a mean age of 40. The self-reported mean A1C of 9% exceeded the recommended goal of <7%, with an average of 2 diabetes-related comorbidities. The self-care of diabetes scale scores were low, and total diabetes distress scores were high. Significant positive associations were found between total diabetes distress and self-care monitoring and self-care management. Conclusions In this sample, non-Hispanic Black adults had low levels of self-care of diabetes and high levels of diabetes distress. The findings indicate a relationship between self-care of diabetes and diabetes distress; as diabetes distress increases, so do the attempted activities of self-care of diabetes. Health care professionals in diabetes care are uniquely positioned to address further the behavioral aspects of diabetes management, particularly diabetes distress, to support non-Hispanic Black adults living with type 2 diabetes.



Undergraduate students’ perceptions of learning from foreign-born faculty in American university settings

February 2023

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25 Reads

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1 Citation

Foreign-born faculty (FBF) comprise between a quarter and a third of the higher education workforce in the U.S. today. As part of a larger mixed methods research project, we examined undergraduate students’ perceptions of FBF prior to and after engaging with them in the classroom. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey of undergraduate students (N = 474) enrolled at three public universities in the southeastern U.S. We examined demographic and educational correlates of undergraduate students’ perceptions of FBF, preferences regarding taking courses (preference factor) taught by FBF, and perceived benefits of learning (benefit factor) from FBF. Findings showed that several student characteristics (e.g. being Latinx/Hispanic; being born or raised with one or both parents from overseas; being an upperclassman; being a human-service major; taking at least one course with FBF) were associated with more positive perceptions of FBF and a higher level of perceived benefits of learning from FBF. The findings in this study strongly support the assertion that providing U.S. undergraduate students with more opportunities to learn from FBF in their college classrooms will support those students’ development of positive perceptions of diversity and difference as a key educational outcome.


The wheel of my work.
“The Wheel of My Work”: Community Health Worker Perspectives and Experiences with Facilitating Refugee Access to Primary Care Services
  • Article
  • Full-text available

April 2021

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28 Reads

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8 Citations

Purpose: Community health workers (CHWs) are trusted community leaders and public health workers dedicated to promoting the health and well-being of community members. CHWs, who share similar language and culture, work with refugee communities that are often missed in traditional U.S. health systems. CHWs help refugees gain access to health care through culturally appropriate strategies. However, the scope of their study as cultural brokers with regard to refugee health access is largely unknown in the peer-reviewed literature. This qualitative research study used a constructivist grounded approach to examine the extent to which CHWs helped refugee clients gain access to the health care system. Methods: Data were collected through interviews with a purposeful sample of 10 CHW participants affiliated with a primary care access program in Greensboro, North Carolina. Results: The diagram derived from this study provided a schema that allowed for an improved understanding of CHW perspectives and experiences when connecting refugee clients to the health care system. Conclusions: Further research incorporating CHW voices is recommended because CHWs are instrumental in improving the health and well-being of refugees.

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Challenges for Non-COVID Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in Bangladesh: An Observation during Coronavirus Disease Pandemic

March 2021

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40 Reads

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3 Citations

The coronavirus disease pandemic has created a crisis for patients with chronic kidney disease, as far as getting treatment facilities are concerned. The crisis is more intense in developing countries where the health system is more vulnerable due to poor infrastructures and insufficient health professionals. Bangladesh, being a developing nation, is also facing similar challenges to provide sufficient services to patients with chronic kidney disease. In this short report, we have discussed the challenges and barriers non-COVID chronic kidney disease patients are facing in terms of healthcare access along with getting proper medical interventions and suggested probable strategies to minimize the suffering.


Pattern of antibiotic use for acute respiratory infections among out-patients in South Asian Region: Protocol for a systematic review

January 2021

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63 Reads

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3 Citations

Medicine

Abstract Background: South Asian region has been experiencing the increasing burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) primarily due to over and irrational prescribing of antibiotics. Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are the leading cause of out-patients’ visits in the region. Despite commonly known viral aetiology, ARI is the single largest reason for antibiotic prescriptions contributing the exponential growth of AMR in the region. Collated data on antibiotic consumption for ARI at outpatients and resistance pattern of respiratory pathogen are lacking in the region. Methods: MEDLINE, Cochrane, CINAHL Plus (EBSCO), and Web of Science will be searched for eligible papers. Titles and abstracts, and full texts of the relevant studies will be screened by 2 independent reviewers against the inclusion criteria. Data extraction and quality of the studies will be assessed by 2 reviewers independently using the JBI Critical Appraisal Tools. A third reviewer will resolve any disagreement at any point between 2 reviewers. Results: The review will assess proportions of ARI patients receiving antibiotic therapy and types of antibiotics prescribed among outpatients of all ages in South Asia. This review will also assess the pattern of antimicrobial resistance among respiratory pathogens causing ARI in the region. Conclusions: This systematic review will evaluate published literature, summarize the existing data on the antibiotic prescribing patterns for outpatients with ARI in South Asia. The holistic finding of the proportion of patients receiving antibiotic therapy for ARI, proportion of different types of antibiotic received, and resistance against respiratory pathogen might guide future research. This underscores a need for formulating regional and national policy for AMR mitigation strategy, and revising clinical practice guidelines for the clinician to ensure rational use of antibiotics for ARI. PROSPERO registration no: CRD42018116658




Gain in Communication Skills According to Student Responses to Open-Ended Questions in the SALG Survey. a
Favorite Parts of Class. a
Fostering Inclusion through an Interinstitutional, Community-Engaged, Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience †

April 2020

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171 Reads

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38 Citations

Journal of Microbiology and Biology Education

Creation of an inclusive environment requires a culture of equity, justice, value and respect for diverse backgrounds, and opportunities for students to engage with communities while addressing issues in science and society. These tasks are particularly challenging for institutions lacking a diverse population. Here, we demonstrate evidence of a successful model for creating an inclusive environment in an interinstitutional course between a large, public, historically black institution and a small, private, primarily white institution. Because many individuals from underrepresented minority groups tend to value communal goals of working together and helping their communities, we incorporated two high-impact practices of community-engaged learning and course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) focused on health disparities research in neighboring communities. Although the research projects varied each semester, they were linked by their impact on and engagement with the community. Students practiced cultural competency skills in both small group projects within the class and engagement activities in the community. We measured the efficacy of CURE components (novel authentic research, scientific process skills, iteration, collaboration, and broader impact) through a combination of direct and indirect assessments, quantitative and qualitative analysis. More than simply scientific skills, students from both institutions developed lasting interest in working with diverse populations as well as respecting and valuing different backgrounds. This inclusive environment, combined with increased interest in research, suggests that this course could potentially serve as a model for interinstitutional collaborations in creating inclusive environments that support the future success of diverse students, eventually changing the STEM research culture.

Citations (5)


... Extending beyond traditional case management services for new arrivals, CHWs play an integral role in the intersection between community and healthcare [20,21]. Supports include providing reliable health information to improve refugees' healthcare access through culturally sensitive approaches [22]. This close relationship helps to build trust and rapport between the refugee clients and CHWs, with the goal of improving health knowledge and self-sufficiency [17,18,22,23]. ...

Reference:

The experiences of community health workers when communicating with refugees about COVID-19 vaccines in Syracuse, NY: A qualitative study
“The Wheel of My Work”: Community Health Worker Perspectives and Experiences with Facilitating Refugee Access to Primary Care Services

... In Bangladesh, kidney disease is one of the leading causes of death, and 10,841 (1.51%) of total deaths are caused by kidney disease 50 . Based on our findings, the MHD patients are severely susceptible to COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. ...

Challenges for Non-COVID Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in Bangladesh: An Observation during Coronavirus Disease Pandemic

... However, a lack of judicious differentiation of viral and bacterial causes of infections based on clinical features and lack of rapid and accurate tests for differentiation of the two has contributed to abuse of antibiotics around the world (8). Despite evidences of no benefit, misuse of antibiotics in treatment of Acute Respiratory Tract Infections (ARTIs) has been the leading cause of antibiotic prescription at outpatient visit with over 80% receiving antibiotic unnecessarily in Lower Middle Income Countries (LMICs) (9). In a study conducted by Collins Some of the other common infections encountered on out-patient basis are Urinary tract infections and suppurative/necrotic skin and soft tissue infections. ...

Pattern of antibiotic use for acute respiratory infections among out-patients in South Asian Region: Protocol for a systematic review

Medicine

... At the time of this writing, faculty mentors, public health students and Montagnard leaders have partnered with other minority serving agencies to secure funding for and are distributing food supplies and personal protection equipment (PPE) to Montagnard families impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic [37]. They have also mobilized using social media and through virtual gatherings for tribal language education and awareness outreach about COVID-19 prevention, and have partnered with local community health agencies for targeted immunization outreach to at-risk tribal elders. ...

Small and Invisible, Yet Strong and Impactful : North Carolina's Montagnard Community Responds to COVID-19

North Carolina Medical Journal

... Malotky and colleagues [6] describe a collaboration between two institutions and across disciplines to offer a CURE focused on health disparities that also incorporated "community-engaged learning (CEL), where students participate in community-centered projects prompting them to reflect on the broader economic, social, and political contexts of a problem". Research projects developed in the course were inspired by needs expressed in the community, and the course also explicitly addressed cultural competence. ...

Fostering Inclusion through an Interinstitutional, Community-Engaged, Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience †

Journal of Microbiology and Biology Education