Seung Hwan (Mark) Lee’s research while affiliated with University of Toronto and other places
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p>The increasing popularity and accessibility of virtual reality (VR) presents an opportunity for destination marketers to leverage its strengths to attract visitors. However, VR's benefits over more traditional media formats remain unclear. This paper reports results from two experiments that compared the impacts of consuming destination marketing material through VR with other media formats. The measured impacts include destination image, perceived advertising effectiveness, and behavioral intentions. Further, the dual experiments allowed for a comparison between different VR content styles (i.e. active vs. passive). Results show that more active VR content largely outperformed other media formats, but with a more passive style of VR these benefits were mostly muted. The findings have direct theoretical and practical implications relating to VR tourism marketing.</p
p>The increasing popularity and accessibility of virtual reality (VR) presents an opportunity for destination marketers to leverage its strengths to attract visitors. However, VR's benefits over more traditional media formats remain unclear. This paper reports results from two experiments that compared the impacts of consuming destination marketing material through VR with other media formats. The measured impacts include destination image, perceived advertising effectiveness, and behavioral intentions. Further, the dual experiments allowed for a comparison between different VR content styles (i.e. active vs. passive). Results show that more active VR content largely outperformed other media formats, but with a more passive style of VR these benefits were mostly muted. The findings have direct theoretical and practical implications relating to VR tourism marketing.</p
In this research, the authors conduct a psychographic segmentation analysis within the Canadian banking context to identify segments at risk of marginalization during the digital banking transition. Utilizing a survey, the authors reveal three distinct consumer groups—visionaries, skeptics, and conservatives—each defined by unique psychographic traits influencing their digital banking engagement. Our findings provide actionable insights for bank marketers, enabling them to develop targeted strategies that address these vulnerable segments’ specific needs, promoting inclusivity and enhancing customer loyalty. By shifting the focus from solely demographic and socioeconomic factors to psychographic attributes, this study offers a deeper understanding of the barriers consumers face in adopting digital banking solutions. This research enriches the marketing analytics literature by emphasizing the crucial role of psychographic segmentation in understanding consumer behaviour, particularly within the digital banking landscape. It assists marketers in navigating evolving market dynamics, adapting to changing conditions, and responding effectively to new competitors, ensuring that no consumer is left behind in the digital transformation of banking services in Canada.
This chapter examines the relationship between society and artificial intelligence (AI), emphasizing the factors driving consumer adoption of AI conversational bots. The authors examine how societal norms, past experiences, and trust in technology influence the acceptance and usage of generative-pre trained transformer (GPT) bots. They provide a theoretical framework, integrating key concepts from social influence and technology acceptance theory, to understand the complex dynamics of GPT bot adoption. Conducting a survey, they analyze data from 412 participants in North America to test various hypotheses. The findings broadly support the proposed model, highlighting the significant roles of social norms, word of mouth, and trust in shaping consumer behaviour towards AI conversational bots. However, an intriguing exception is found in the lack of a direct relationship between behavioural intention and actual technology usage, pointing to the need for further investigation into the factors that bridge the gap between the intention to use and the actual use of AI technologies in everyday contexts.
This research explores consumers' views of AI conversational bots, explicitly focusing on ChatGPT by OpenAI and analyzing 45,844 YouTube comments. The study examines the societal implications of AI bots, emphasizing public perception as a key factor in their acceptance and integration. Three guiding questions shape the research: 1) What themes emerge from YouTube comments about ChatGPT? 2) How do these themes reflect the public's concerns and understanding of ChatGPT and AI? 3) What future research directions can be proposed based on these themes? The study extracts and interprets key themes and their relationships by employing manual and automated text analysis, including Leximancer, an AI-based software. Leximancer's AI capabilities are crucial in identifying patterns in large data sets, providing an in-depth understanding of public sentiment. The research categorizes attitudes towards AI bots into techno-skepticism, techno-realism, and techno-optimism, illustrating varied public opinions. Themes identified include concerns about AI's impact on employment, privacy, misinformation, and its potential for enhancing efficiency and creativity. These insights bridge AI's technical aspects with its social and ethical dimensions. The study underscores the importance of addressing public concerns and suggests informed approaches for AI development and societal integration, offering valuable insights for developers, researchers, and policymakers.
This paper assesses the evolution of last 43 years in counterfeit research with respect to sources of knowledge (i.e. journals, authors, institutions, countries) and research themes. The oldest paper on this subject discovered in the Scopus database was published 43 years ago, yet a time frame was not specified. Sources of knowledge are assessed on research productivity (quantitative) as well as impact (qualitative). Research themes, key areas of focus within the counterfeit research landscape, are identified and discussed to conceptualize our understanding of the field. Via a systematic literature review, 713 peer-reviewed academic articles published in 282 journals from 1978 to 2021 were selected as the sample for this study. The systematic review technique was chosen as compared with narrative reviews of the literature it focuses on open, extensive, and detailed approaches to literature searches, in addition to conforming to the scientific criteria utilised in primary research, namely transparency, rigour, comprehensiveness, and reproducibility. A database of references and citations was created for analysis. The data was analyzed to prepare comparative tables. Further, the Leximancer software was used to generate lexical conceptual trends. This data was further analyzed to identify emerging themes. The Journal of Business Ethics had the highest number of articles and citations, followed by the Journal of Business Research and Business Horizons. Ian Phau (14 articles) and Michael D. Smith, (9 articles) were the most prolific authors. Joseph Nunes and Ian Phau attained the highest number of citations, cited 658 and 577 times respectively. Eight major research themes were identified: products, piracy, model, price, firms, digital, supply, and ethical. Each theme was analyzed over time. The major research areas analyzed across the articles over time were Technology (particularly “Technology” and “Software” topics) and Ethics (particularly “IP” and “Legislation”). The identification of these research area captures the essence of the paper’s uniqueness and contribution to this field of research. This is the first systematic literature review in counterfeit literature that captures multi-decade sources of knowledge in business journals.
... According to cognitive consistency theory, individuals aim to align their beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors (Tseng et al. 2022). This theory posits that if a technology is perceived as useful, users are more likely to find value in the effort required to learn and apply it, as it aligns with their broader goal of task success and productivity (Fares et al. 2024). Hence, PU strengthens the link between the perceived ease of using technology and its eventual application, emphasizing that usefulness makes the learning process and technology application more worthwhile (Park et al. 2018). ...
... Conversely, students' belief in their ability to excel in academic activity, known as self-efficacy (Bandura, 1997), significantly impacts their academic outcomes. Students with high self-efficacy are more likely to undertake challenging tasks and ultimately perform better academically (Butt et al., 2023). Self-efficacy is closely linked to motivated strategies and self-regulated learning (SRL), as students with high self-efficacy are more likely to engage in effective learning strategies and self-regulate their learning processes (Bandura, 1993). ...
... t f is the number of steps iteratively processing boundary features in the network in high dimensions. This article will reconstruct the phase space of the redundant information in this network [9]. Assume that the length of the information flow time series during the transmission of network redundant information is N . ...
... Leximancer uses machine learning to conduct quantitative content analysis, identifying the main concepts within the text and their interrelationships, and conducts both thematic and relational (or semantic) analysis. LIWC is well-established software that assists in capturing and analyzing patterns in large qualitative datasets and has been widely employed in various fields of academic research, such as psychology (Agnihotri and Bhattacharya, 2016;Proyer and Brauer, 2018), marketing (Balducci and Marinova, 2018;Haines et al., 2023), and social sciences (García-García and Trujillo, 2023; Savela et al., 2024). It identifies and codes psychological constructs from text using pre-developed and validated dictionaries, thus ensuring the validity and reliability of the coding process (Parkinson et al., 2017). ...
... Acquire customer: The banking sector has paid a price for these advancements, even if they have allowed consumers to access many banking services whenever and whenever they choose. As observed in [16] AI will enable global banking institutions to redesign their business models fundamentally, offer ground-breaking goods and services, and, most importantly, shield customers from negative customer experiences. Consumers are targeted in the acquisition phase to get them onto the website and turn them into active consumers. ...
... Given the rapid evolution of both the fashion industry and technology, alongside the limited scope of extant review studies on fashion digitalization (Baek et al., 2022;Oliveira et al., 2022), this study aims to comprehensively investigate all facets of the FVC, including product development, supply chain and distribution, and customer experience around circularity. The study seeks to provide a thorough and current review of digital transformation within the FVC. ...
... Once the factors were identified, a cluster analysis was done to divide the research sample into mutually exclusive groups (Quach and Lee 2021). The authors follow the Ward method using the K-means approach (Ng et al. 2022;Quach and Lee 2022). In addition, a multivariate analysis was conducted to examine the statistical difference between clusters (Haines and Lee 2021). ...
... At the destination level, cities such as Los Angeles and Sydney have embraced virtual reality marketing and offered 360-degree tours of their venues and locales (Budd, 2017). The accessibility of virtual reality technology has enabled marketers to leverage their strength to provide an authentic and dynamic visual expression of destinations through which consumers can wander (Atzeni et al., 2022;Griffin et al., 2023;Palumbo, 2022). ...
... Once the factors were identified, a cluster analysis was done to divide the research sample into mutually exclusive groups (Quach and Lee 2021). The authors follow the Ward method using the K-means approach (Ng et al. 2022;Quach and Lee 2022). In addition, a multivariate analysis was conducted to examine the statistical difference between clusters (Haines and Lee 2021). ...
... Moreover, packaging color is associated with a brand and linked to the nutrition and satisfaction perceptions of consumers while images can induce feelings and tastes (Arboretti and Bordignon, 2016). Scholars emphasize the importance of alterations in purchase behavior for successfully introducing innovative packaging on the market (Ratnichkina et al., 2021). Thus, intelligent packaging may attract consumer attention and increase brand value perception due to its ability to serve as a marketing communication tool (Baruk and Iwanicka, 2016). ...