Sarita Schoenebeck's research while affiliated with University of Michigan and other places
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Publications (59)
Social media platforms exacerbate trauma, and many users experience various forms of trauma unique to them (e.g., doxxing and swatting). Trauma is the psychological and physical response to experiencing a deeply disturbing event. Platforms' failures to address trauma threaten users' well-being globally, especially amongst minoritized groups. Platfo...
Online harassment is a global problem. This article examines perceptions of harm and preferences for remedies associated with online harassment with nearly 4000 participants in 14 countries around the world. The countries in this work reflect a range of identities and values, with a focus on those outside of North American and European contexts. Re...
Social media platforms aspire to create online experiences where users can participate safely and equitably. However, women around the world experience widespread online harassment, including insults, stalking, aggression, threats, and non-consensual sharing of sexual photos. This article describes women's perceptions of harm associated with online...
Online harassment is pervasive. While substantial research has examined the nature of online harassment and how to moderate it, little work has explored how social media users evaluate the profiles of online harassers. This is important for helping people who may be experiencing or observing harassment to quickly and efficiently evaluate the user d...
This project illuminates what data youth believe online advertisers and social media companies collect about them. We situate these findings within the context of current advertising regulations and compare youth beliefs with what data social media companies report collecting based on their privacy policies. Through interviews with 21 youth ages 10...
Blind and low vision people use visual description services (VDS) to gain visual interpretation and build access in a world that privileges sight. Despite their many benefits, VDS have many harmful privacy and security implications. As a result, researchers are suggesting, exploring, and building obfuscation systems that detect and obscure private...
Social media platforms aspire to create online experiences where users can participate safely and equitably. However, women around the world experience widespread online harassment, including insults, stalking, aggression, threats, and non-consensual sharing of sexual photos. This article describes women's perceptions of harm associated with online...
Mothers use online resources frequently to obtain information on pregnancy, birth, and parenting. Yet, second-time mothers may have different concerns than first-time mothers given they have a newborn infant and another child at home. The current study conducted an on-line textual analysis of the posts of second-time mothers during pregnancy and th...
The elevated satisfaction that comes from interacting with close ties, as opposed to distal ties, is well-established in past research. What remains less clear is how the quality of daily interactions between close versus distal ties may vary as a function of personality. Drawing on data from a 2-week experience sampling study ( N = 108 participant...
Self-esteem, generally understood as subjective appraisal of one’s social worth and qualities, is related to how people use social media and the gratifications derived from their use—processes driven in part by social comparison. Two major components of the social media experience drive social comparison processes: (1) what content people engage wi...
Social media platforms aspire to deliver fair resolutions after online harassment. Platforms rely on sanctions like removing content or banning users but these punitive responses provide little opportunity for justice or reparation for targets of harassment. This may be especially important for youth, who experience pervasive harassment which can h...
Older adults are often portrayed as passive social media users who consume content rather than actively posting content. However, this binary divide between active and passive social media use overlooks nuanced kinds of engagement online. Via an eye-tracking study of older adults' Facebook use, this work shows how not clicking or commenting on cont...
We are delighted to present this issue of the Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, which contains scholarship from the Computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing (CSCW) community. This issue has 190 papers, 177 submitted in June 2020 and 13 submitted in October 2020. It represents contributions from two Program Commit...
Motivated by work that characterizes view-based social media practices as “passive use,” contrasting it with more desirable, interactive “active use,” this study explores how social media users understand their viewing and clicking practices and the empirical relationship between them. Employing a combination of eye tracking, survey, and interview...
We are delighted to welcome you to this issue of the Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, which contains scholarship from the Computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing (CSCW) community. This is the second issue that represents the new quarterly submission model. This issue has 91 papers accepted from the January 2020...
Digital data pervades everyday life, from personal photos shared on social media to voice commands for Amazon Alexa. A widespread industry culture of 'move fast and break things,' however, has compelled data management practices that prioritize profit over preservation. This paper draws from archival theories of appraisal to foreground control, pow...
Most content moderation approaches in the United States rely on criminal justice models that sanction offenders via content removal or user bans. However, these models write the online harassment targets out of the justice-seeking process. Via an online survey with US participants ( N = 573), this research draws from justice theories to investigate...
This mixed-methods observational study analyzes Advanced Placement (AP) Biology teachers' engagement in microblogging for professional learning. Data from three hashtag-based Twitter communities-#apbiochat, #apbioleaderacad, and #apbioleaderacademy (121 users; 2,253 tweets)-are analyzed using educational data mining, qualitative two-cycle content a...
Parents can be subjected to scrutiny and judgment for their parenting choices. Much of this scrutiny is experienced online, especially around stigmatized topics such as divorce, custody, postpartum depression, and miscarriage. Prior theory suggests that parents might be able to access greater support online when anonymous, but other evidence sugges...
Many decisions about social, economic, and personal life are heavily data-driven. At the same time, data has become increasingly quantified, and available to people and institutions in positions of power, often with little introspection or reflection on its positive uses or harmful misuses. This panel will inspect CSCW's role in identifying constru...
What does reliability mean for building a grounded theory? What about when writing an auto-ethnography? When is it appropriate to use measures like inter-rater reliability (IRR)? Reliability is a familiar concept in traditional scientific practice, but how, and even whether to establish reliability in qualitative research is an oft-debated question...
In this paper, we investigate how individual differences in availability preferences are related to (1) self-reported quality of interaction with strong and weak ties and (2) perceptions of bridging social capital. We employed experience sampling methods and collected data over the course of two weeks—combined with surveys at baseline and endpoint,...
E-commerce sites have an incentive to encourage impulse buying, even when not in the consumer's best interest. This study investigates what features e-commerce sites use to encourage impulse buying and what tools consumers desire to curb their online spending. We present two studies: (1) a systematic content analysis of 200 top e-commerce websites...
The digital sharing economy has introduced opportunities for economic growth, productivity, and technological innovation. However, the adoption of sharing economy applications may be inaccessible to certain demographics, including older adults, low-income adults, and individuals who are not college educated. This research investigates how the demog...
Most models of criminal justice seek to identify and punish offenders. However, these models break down in online environments, where offenders can hide behind anonymity and lagging legal systems. As a result, people turn to their own moral codes to sanction perceived offenses. Unfortunately, this vigilante justice is motivated by retribution, ofte...
Gender equality between mothers and fathers is critical for the social and economic wellbeing of children, mothers, and families. Over the past 50 years, gender roles have begun to converge, with mothers doing more work outside of the home and fathers doing more domestic work. However, popular parenting sites in the U.S. continue to be heavily gend...
There is a dearth of research investigating youths’ experience of grief and mourning after the death of close friends or family. Even
less research has explored the question of how youth use social media sites to engage in the grieving process. This study employs qualitative
analysis and natural language processing to examine tweets that follow 2 d...
There is a dearth of research investigating youths’ experience of grief and mourning after the death of close friends or family. Even less research has explored the question of how youth use social media sites to engage in the grieving process. This study employs qualitative analysis and natural language processing to examine tweets that follow 2 d...
Online harassment is a pervasive and pernicious problem. Techniques like natural language processing and machine learning are promising approaches for identifying abusive language, but they fail to address structural power imbalances perpetuated by automated labeling and classification. Similarly, platform policies and reporting tools are designed...
Consumers are turning to Facebook Groups to buy and sell with strangers in their local communities. This trend is counter-intuitive given Facebook's lack of conventional e-commerce features, such as sophisticated search engines and reputation systems. We interviewed 18 members of two Mom-to-Mom Facebook sale groups. Despite a lack of commerce tools...
Father involvement is important for child well-being. However, fathers still do significantly less childcare than mothers, due in part to traditional gender norms. This research investigates whether incorporating do-it-yourself (DIY) language and imagery into parenting blogs is an effective mechanism for boosting fathers' willingness to perform chi...
Prior research shows that parents receive a number of benefits through sharing about their children online, but little is known about children?s perspectives about parent sharing. We conducted a survey with 331 parent-child pairs to examine parents? and children?s preferences about what parents share about their children on social media. We find th...
E-commerce designers must decide how many products to display at one time. Choice overload research has demonstrated the surprising finding that more choice is not necessarily better?selecting from larger choice sets can be more cognitively demanding and can result in lower levels of choice satisfaction. This research tests the choice overload effe...
![Figure 1. Blog Banner for Dadcentric [59]. © 2015 dadcentric.com All...](profile/Tawfiq-Ammari/publication/313738470/figure/fig1/AS:648243595714565@1531564725703/Blog-Banner-for-Dadcentric-59-C-2015-dadcentriccom-All-Rights-Reserved_Q320.jpg)
![Figure 2. Blog Banner for Crafty Dad Blog [64]. © 2015 craftydad.com...](profile/Tawfiq-Ammari/publication/313738470/figure/fig2/AS:648243595722753@1531564725738/Blog-Banner-for-Crafty-Dad-Blog-64-C-2015-craftydadcom-All-Rights-Reserved-Another_Q320.jpg)
![Figure 2. Blog Banner for Crafty Dad Blog [64]. © 2015 craftydad.com...](profile/Tawfiq-Ammari/publication/313738470/figure/fig12/AS:648243595718656@1531564725699/Blog-Banner-for-Crafty-Dad-Blog-64-C-2015-craftydadcom-All-Rights-Reserved-Another_Q320.jpg)
![Figure 3. Blog Banner for Dadbloguk [65]. © 2015 Dadbloguk.com All...](profile/Tawfiq-Ammari/publication/313738470/figure/fig11/AS:667071113330706@1536053555906/Blog-Banner-for-Dadbloguk-65-C-2015-Dadblogukcom-All-Rights-Reserved_Q320.jpg)
![Figure 4. Installing a new streaming service [67]. © 2015 hnydt.co All...](profile/Tawfiq-Ammari/publication/313738470/figure/fig3/AS:648243595710466@1531564725809/Installing-a-new-streaming-service-67-C-2015-hnydtco-All-Rights-Reserved-For_Q320.jpg)
Prior research shows that the social construction of gender evolves in relation to specific economic and social processes. This paper examines how the practice of DIY (do-it-yourself) making has become a productive frame for a collective of fathers in the U.S. to express masculinity, amidst increasingly precarious economics and shifting norms of ge...
This article advances a contextual approach to understanding the emotional and social outcomes of Facebook use. In doing so, we address the ambiguity of previously reported relationships between Facebook use and well-being. We test temporal (shorter vs longer time spans) and spatial (at home vs away from home) dimensions of Facebook activity using...
Ephemeral social media, platforms that display shared content for a limited period of time, have become a prominent component of the social ecosystem. We draw on experience sampling data collected over two weeks (Study 1; N=154) and in-depth interview data from a subsample of participants (Study 2; N = 28) to understand college students’ social and...
Families are becoming more culturally heterogeneous due to a rise in intermarriage, geographic mobility, and access to a greater diversity of cultural perspectives online. Investigating the challenges of cross-cultural parenting can help us support this growing demographic, as well as better understand how families integrate and negotiate advice fr...
Mealtimes are a cherished part of everyday life around the world. Often centered on family, friends, or special occasions, sharing meals is a practice embedded with traditions and values. However, as mobile phone adoption becomes increasingly pervasive, tensions emerge about how appropriate it is to use personal devices while sharing a meal with ot...
Increasing numbers of American parents identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender (LGBT). Shifting social movements are beginning to achieve greater recognition for LGBT parents and more rights for their families; however, LGBT parents still experience stigma and judgment in a variety of social contexts. We interviewed 28 LGBT parents to in...
Individuals are increasingly visible in online spaces. Posting content to social media, browsing websites, and interacting with friends are all acts that render a person visible to other individuals, networks, and corporations. At the same time, these behaviors are being logged, archived, and aggregated in a variety of unexpected and emerging ways....
![Figure 1. Model for Role Transition Process from [2].](profile/Tawfiq-Ammari/publication/301784830/figure/fig1/AS:494382348750848@1494881345281/Model-for-Role-Transition-Process-from-2_Q320.jpg)
The number of stay-at-home dads (SAHDs) in the U.S. has risen dramatically over the past 30 years. Despite gaining social acceptability, SAHDs still experience isolation and judgment in their offline environments. This research explores how SAHDs use the Internet and social media related to their roles as fathers. We conducted interviews with 18 SA...
Parents, educators, and policymakers have expressed concern about the future implications of young people's sharing practices on social media sites. However, little is known about how young people themselves feel about their online behaviors being preserved and resurfaced later in adulthood. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 28 college-g...
Parents and children both use technology actively and increasingly, but prior work shows that concerns about attention, family time, and family relationships abound. We conducted a survey with 249 parent-child pairs distributed across 40 U.S. states to understand the types of technology rules (also known as restrictive mediation) they have establis...
Extensive scholarship has investigated technology use among families. Existing work has focused primarily on parents' reactions to and restrictions of their children's technology use; here, we explore the underlying tensions surrounding technology use in the home. We draw on historical perspectives of adolescence and family life to better understan...
In this work, we designed and field-tested a system called Home Trivia to explore how we can use activity traces captured in the home to allow household members to reflect on how they use technology, which has become an issue of increasing concern among families that have seen their home lives intertwined with Internet-enabled devices. Home Trivia...
While extensive research has investigated the risks of children sharing their personal information online, little work has investigated the implications of parents sharing personal information about their children online. Drawing on 102 interviews with parents in the U.S., we investigate how parents decide what to disclose about their children on s...
Theories of empowerment explain how people gain personal and political control to take action to improve their lives. However, empowerment theories were developed prior to the Internet and fail to account for the speed and scale that people can find one another online. One domain where empowerment is critical is caring for children with special nee...
Fathers are taking on more childcare and household responsibilities than they used to and many non-profit and government organizations have pushed for changes in policies to support fathers. Despite this effort, little research has explored how fathers go online related to their roles as fathers. Drawing on an interview study with 37 fathers, we fi...
The practice of sharing family photographs is as old as the camera itself. Many mothers now share baby photos online, yet little is known about what kinds of baby photos they share and their motivations for doing so. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with 22 new mothers, we find that they share cute, funny, milestone, and family and friend phot...
Social media use is widespread, but many people worry about overuse. This paper explores how and why people take breaks from social media. Using a mixed methods approach, we pair data from users who tweeted about giving up Twitter for Lent with an interview study of social media users. We find that 64% of users who proclaim that they are giving up...
Facebook is a global phenomenon, yet little is known about use of the site in urban parts of the developing world where the social network's users are increasingly located. We qualitatively studied Facebook use among 28 young adults living in Viwandani, an informal settlement, or slum, in Nairobi, Kenya. We find that to overcome the costs associate...
Facebook use is pervasive in developed countries where computers, smartphones, high-bandwidth Internet, and electricity are ubiquitous. In this paper, we examine Facebook use in a country where social media participation is growing, but less developed technological infrastructures and uneven access to technology limit use. We conducted observations...
Citations
... Sexist online behavior has substantial negative implications for individuals and society as a whole: On the one hand, it negatively impacts self-esteem and mental health, and on the other hand, it reduces women's participation in the online discourse, posing obstacles to gender equality [2,20,53,54]. As targets, women are often not willing to speak up against sexism [43,48], nor should it be their responsibility. ...
... It is important to note that people with disabilities are already engaged in the (often unpaid) process of building and designing AI systems (Bigham and Carrington, 2018). For example, Blind people often undertake the unpaid labour of repairing screen reader errors through bug reports; Arab VoiceOver users curate datasets to correct misrecognition of Arabic words (Alharbi, et al., 2022). However, the contributions of disabled people are largely dismissed from professional spaces (Bennett and Rosner, 2019;Jackson, et al., 2022). ...
... In the case of online harassment, it can be viewed as a form of social punishment meted out against individuals who have acted in a socially deviant or reprehensible manner. For instance, a study found that online harassment is perceived as more deserved and justifiable, albeit not more appropriate, when directed at an individual who has committed a crime (Blackwell et al., 2018). The same mechanism may 'justify' harassment directed at influencers who are seen to have violated social norms (e.g., by speeding, not wearing a seatbelt, or evading taxes). ...
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... Fairness in Content Moderation. Scholarships have investigated fairness in content moderation and how it affects the users [16,34,38,60,96,99], mostly focusing on the harm of moderation on marginalized communities via user studies [16,33,47,49,51,63,84,96,97,103]. These studies found that Users echo that these moderation systems censor their point of view [16,34,60], while Eslami et al. [38] found that elite users on Yelp defend the Yelp review recommendation algorithm because their reviews are rarely filtered. ...
... Yet, there are few studies that even address the concerns of second-time mothers. When manage the care of two young children, how to prepare the firstborn for their impending role as an older sibling, and whether they would love the second baby as much as they currently loved their first child (Beyers-Carlson et al., 2022;Hiser, 1987;Jenkins, 1976;Jordan, 1989;Moss, 1981;O'Reilly, 2004). The main goal of the current paper was to address mothers' prenatal anxiety about loving the second baby (i.e., forming an attachment) as much as they currently loved their first child using longitudinal data from a sample of US mothers. ...
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/11431281182081539-1692307455873_Q64/Brenda-Volling.jpg)
... For example, Alfasi (2019) found that participants viewing Facebook streams reported lower levels of self-esteem than those who viewed newsfeeds. Moreover, an eye-tracking study indicated that spending more time looking at Facebook posts can decrease undergraduate students' self-esteem (Triệu et al., 2021). ...
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/500111421968385-1496247262461_Q64/Penny-Trieu.jpg)
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/273644337233926-1442253302293_Q64/Nicole-Ellison-2.jpg)
... Similarly, mitigating online harassment needs to take marginalized users' needs into the platform and moderation system design [5,89]. This is in line with Schoenebeck and Blackwell's notion about equality to equity for moderation system design [88]. This goal requires developers' input about design goals and rules and community members' values and needs, which require a strong developer and moderator/community member collaboration. ...
... Older adults are often described as lurkers on online social platforms [14], and they tend to only interact with familiar people such as family members and friends in online settings [33]. Although research has increasingly paid attention to older adults as online contributors (e.g., [17,18,31,45]), little looked deeper into how older adults change their attitudes toward social media and evolve into contributors. Prior research on older adults' use of online communities usually focused on the benefits that older adults can receive (e.g., social support [37]), their practices in online communities (e.g., collective actions to fight against ageism [45], exchanging support [36]), or factors that are important for older adults to make online contributions (e.g., perceived value to others [17], identity development [17,35]). ...
... Fairness in Content Moderation. Scholarships have investigated fairness in content moderation and how it affects the users [16,34,38,60,96,99], mostly focusing on the harm of moderation on marginalized communities via user studies [16,33,47,49,51,63,84,96,97,103]. These studies found that Users echo that these moderation systems censor their point of view [16,34,60], while Eslami et al. [38] found that elite users on Yelp defend the Yelp review recommendation algorithm because their reviews are rarely filtered. ...
... A second limitation of URL-based browsing data is that it only identifies content that leads to a URL being produced 40 . Crucially, this limitation means that for web pages that display content dynamically while maintaining a static URL, we only know that a person visited that static URL but not information about any of the content they saw while on that static URL. ...
