Sarah Shanahan’s research while affiliated with University of Birmingham and other places

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Publications (1)


Are You Looking at Me, or Am I? Anger, Aggression, Shame and Self-worth in Violent Individuals
  • Article

June 2011

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181 Reads

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15 Citations

Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy

Sarah Shanahan

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Jason Jones

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Conclusions about the relationship between anger and violence have been drawn from research that largely uses non-clinically angry, non-violent participants. The present study assessed cognitive correlates of anger by comparing mentally disordered violent offenders (n=22) and violent prisoners (n=22) in their irrational beliefs, self-esteem, internalised shame, and the experience and expression of anger. Findings showed there to be no significant difference between the two groups on all of the scales used. Low self-worth, high shame and self-downing irrational beliefs were found across the whole population. Cluster analysis revealed two distinct clusters with anger as the main factor separating them. One cluster could be categorised as anger disordered and had significantly higher shame, lower self-worth and more self- and other-downing irrational beliefs than the second cluster where levels of unhealthy anger were lower. It was concluded that high levels of unhealthy anger may serve as an attempt to protect against shame and low self-worth. KeywordsAnger–Violence–Shame

Citations (1)


... A hypothesis is that individuals who see themselves negatively and who suffer from self-deprecation consequences (e.g., difficulties in professional life and relationships) would be more aggressive as a way to avoid focusing on the negative feelings associated with these failures (Teng et al., 2015;Zapf & Einarsen, 2011). From a clinical perspective, covert aggression is a defense mechanism for those with a negative self-perception: The individual views himself negatively and projects this view onto others, and reacting aggressively shifts the focus from self-depreciation to reacting to the social interaction (Shanahan et al., 2011). ...

Reference:

Self-deprecation: Searching for a Measure
Are You Looking at Me, or Am I? Anger, Aggression, Shame and Self-worth in Violent Individuals
  • Citing Article
  • June 2011

Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy