January 2006
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997 Reads
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13 Citations
Revista de Neurología
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January 2006
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997 Reads
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13 Citations
Revista de Neurología
January 2006
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2,586 Reads
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24 Citations
Revista de Neurología
January 2005
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40 Reads
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10 Citations
Revista de Neurología
January 2005
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46 Reads
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14 Citations
Revista de Neurología
March 2004
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16 Reads
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24 Citations
Revista de Neurología
Thanks to the contributions made by neuroscientific research and the clinical evidence regarding the functional recovery of the central nervous system in the different motor, cognitive, linguistic and sensory spheres, we now know more about how the brain is built and its modifications. This recovery is possible due to the plasticity of the brain, its capacity to reorganise itself and to modify functions in order to adapt to both external and internal changes. This capacity is inherent to brain cells and allows cortical circuits to be repaired, integrates other cortical areas to carry out modified functions and responds to different disorders. It depends on genetic, neuronal and neurochemical factors and its limits can be manipulated through clinical and pharmacological intervention. The brain's capacity to adapt itself to changes is crucial in the development of the nervous system and has important repercussions on learning. The neuroanatomical, neurochemical and functional changes that take place during the reorganisation made possible by plasticity will facilitate the recovery acquisition of the functions involved (adaptive plasticity) and may hinder the development of others (maladaptive plasticity). This variability of the possible responses is related to the chronology of the lesion, the site that is affected, the state of the substrata that can take on the function and the type of function that is altered. The mechanisms responsible for facilitating this plasticity are different at any given time (fast and late plasticity), depending on the function that is altered, with expansion of the somatotopic representations in the motor cortex adjacent to the damage, interhemispherical transfer of language or crossed plasticity in the auditory or visual function. The neuropsychological pathology can appear linked to the lesion or secondary to a maladaptive plasticity. Advancing in our knowledge of the intrinsic mechanisms of brain plasticity and synaptic regulation will lead us to understand the recovery of damaged or lost functions in the brains of children with special needs, and thus allow us to implement favourable clinical and pharmacological interventions.
March 2004
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30 Reads
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3 Citations
Revista de Neurología
Introduction: The dimension of the autistic spectrum embraces a considerable degree of clinical complexity which is, in turn, an expression of the numerous systems involved in the functioning of the central nervous system. Every day different biological factors are revealed which put in doubt other factors that, in a more objective way, appear to be involved in a particular aetiology. Development and conclusions: It is clear that exactly what causes autistic spectrum disorder is still unknown and it may be useful to analyse cases with a known aetiology and correlate them with other similar cases, as it is likely to be this association between findings and studies in the future that will probably enable us to better define the bases and the underlying causes of the complex and manifold origin of the autistic spectrum. This will enable a more efficient therapeutic approach to be developed, which, when all is said and done, is what is primarily sought in the management of children with autistic spectrum disorder.
January 2004
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30 Reads
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19 Citations
Revista de Neurología
January 2004
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588 Reads
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81 Citations
Revista de Neurología
January 2004
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998 Reads
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7 Citations
Revista de Neurología
January 2003
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50 Reads
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13 Citations
Revista de Neurología
... Estas diferencias pueden ser explicadas debido a que el grupo institucionalizado se encuentra recibiendo acompañamiento por parte de psiquiatría y psicología clínica, así como tratamiento farmacológico con antipsicóticos. En este caso, el ansiolítico suministrado es la risperidona, cuyo mecanismo de acción está directamente relacionado con la corteza orbitomedial y su objetivo principal es reducir los niveles de agresividad e impulsividad (Morant et al., 2001), por lo que regula las respuestas automatizadas; de hecho, esta área cerebral se encarga de valorar el riesgo o beneficio de la acción a realizar, en relación con las exigencias del entorno. En este punto, cabe anotar que la convivencia en un contexto diferente al entorno familiar exige mayores demandas del funcionamiento frontal dado que requiere adaptarse a reglas de carácter social, a la convivencia en proceso de instiucionalización, a la regulación emocional y comportamental dadas las dinámicas de grupo y, en general, a las nuevas exigencias del medio. ...
January 2001
Revista de Neurología
... From the nineteenth century (XIX century), adoptive parenthood acquired enormous relevance, interest, and social visibility. All this is a consequence of the decrease in fertility rates, the incorporation of women into the labor market (the average age at which they decide to have children was postponed), the separation of marriage from reproduction, social changes in maternity (abortion and contraception), and the increase in marital infertility rates, but adoption was already carried out in ancient societies as previously mentioned (Hernández et al. 2003). ...
January 2003
Revista de Neurología
... Durante esta etapa, el cerebro crece a una altísima velocidad que no se repite en otro momento de la vida, aumentando la densidad sináptica y procurando completar el proceso de mielinización (Homae et al., 2010). Además, la corteza cerebral posee una alta plasticidad neuronal, que le permite adaptar y modificar los circuitos neuronales ante nuevos aprendizajes y experiencias (Hernández-Muela et al., 2004). ...
January 2004
Revista de Neurología
... Individual treatment should take into account factors such as: to start with monotherapy to avoid the occurrence of any adverse drug reaction; administer low doses and adjust them according to the effect it produces in the patient; follow-up; take into consideration the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic factors of each drug. 23 A pharmacological treatment administering oxytocin, a neuropeptide related to social attachment and the development of bonding via a single intranasal dose, was linked to facilitation in the processing and retention of social information and recognition of emotion in relation with language intonation; however, this type of therapy is still subject to investigation and hasn't produced sufficient data to verify its effectiveness and to consider it an adequate treatment. 24 Table 5. M-CHAT. ...
January 2002
Revista de Neurología
... Por esta razón, es evidente que son necesarios estudios que tengan por objetivo elucidar la relación entre los trastornos del espectro autista y el retardo mental, y que permitan obtener información para construir los perfiles intelectuales de los sujetos con TEA, y también investigaciones que se aproximen a proponer cuáles instrumentos de evaluación de la inteligencia son adecuados para la población autista, dadas sus características cognitivas particulares. Finalmente, la elaboración de perfiles neurocognitivos, que den cuenta del funcionamiento de los procesos mentales de los sujetos, en el que se incluyan tanto las falencias como las fortalezas, es necesaria para el diseño de procesos de intervención que respondan a las necesidades particulares de la población con este tipo de trastornos (Mulas, Hernández-Muela, Etchepareborda & Abad-Mas, 2004). ...
January 2004
Revista de Neurología
... 1,2,5,7 La interconectividad de las fibras corticales en el puente y las eferencias hacia el cerebelo es pues muy estrecha, siendo un dato fundamental para el estudio de la regulación de esta estructura en el procesamiento cognitivo. 7,8 Estudios sobre la actividad metabólica basal del cerebro, consideran la existencia de dos fenómenos que permiten poner en evidencia la implicación del cerebelo en procesos relacionados principalmente con la actividad cortical. Por un lado, el fenómeno de diasquisis cerebelosa cruzada (CCD) la cual explica que, tras una lesión cerebral unilateral, puede darse como efecto una reducción del flujo sanguíneo, así como del metabolismo del oxígeno o glucosa en el hemisferio cerebeloso contralateral. ...
January 2005
Revista de Neurología
... Similarly, this increase in knowledge of clinical and diagnostic aspects of ADHD seems to have extended to therapeutic aspects. Psychostimulants are the drugs that have undergone most research in children with ADHD, with more than 200 published clinical trials supporting their effectiveness, especially that of methylphenidate [22]. In recent years, pharmacological research in this field, rather than focusing on the search for new therapeutic drugs, has launched itself into the development of new formulations of stimulants [13], aimed at achieving better control of children with ADHD through a single daily dose. ...
January 2005
Revista de Neurología
... te trabalhar a prescrição com o médico para encontrar a medicação e a dosagem corretas. Para muitas pessoas, os estimulantes reduzem drasticamente hiperatividade e impulsividade e melhoraram sua capacidade de concentração, trabalho e aprendizagem. Os medicamentos também podem melhorar coordenação física, como a necessária na escrita e nos esportes.(MULAS et al, 2002).As drogas estimulantes, quando usadas com supervisão, geralmente são consideradas bastante seguras. Estimulantes não fazem a criança sentir-se dopada, embora algumas crianças relatem que se sentem diferentes ou engraçadas. Tais mudanças são geralmente muito menores.(MULAS et al, 2002).Embora alguns pais se preocupem com o fato de seu fi ...
January 2002
Revista de Neurología
... Otros autores (Abad-Mas, Caloca-Català, Mulas & Ruiz-Andrés, 2017) concuerdan respecto a la extensión e imprecisión de la lista de síntomas, y plantean la necesidad de evaluar neuropsicológicamente los síntomas nucleares del trastorno a través de test que midan la atención, control inhibitorio y otras funciones ejecutivas. Existe evidencia que muestra que los estudiantes con TDAH presentan un bajo rendimiento en tareas cognitivas que implican habilidades de vigilancia, aprendizaje verbal, memoria de trabajo, flexibilidad cognitiva, planificación, resolución de problemas e inhibición de respuestas (Mulas et al., 2006;Abad-Mas, Caloca-Català, Mulas & Ruiz-Andrés, 2017). ...
January 2006
Revista de Neurología
... Esta última es un importante indicador que determina la eficiencia de los procesos educativos en las universidades, y que la Secretaría de Educación Pública la define como el número de alumnos que terminan un nivel educativo de manera regular (dentro del tiempo ideal establecido) y el porcentaje de alumnos que lo culminan extemporáneamente. ( UJED 2015UJED , 2016UJED , 2017UJED , 2018 Electroencefalografía En la actualidad son pocos los estudios que relacionen información de la actividad cerebral mediante electroencefalografía cuantitativa y el desempeño escolar en personas sin un presunto problema neurológico previo (Mulas, Hernandez, Mattos, & Abad -Mas, 2006) (Salvatierra Belén, 2002 (Janzen, Graap, Stephanson, Marshall, & Fitzsimmons, 1995). ...
January 2006
Revista de Neurología