S.A. Odewo’s scientific contributions

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Publications (9)


Phytochemical Profiling of Leaf of Glinus lotoides (Mollugineceae) Using GC-MS
  • Article

June 2023

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11 Reads

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1 Citation

Nigerian Journal of Chemical Research

S A Odewo

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B A Ajani

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O A Osiyemi

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[...]

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O A Ugbogu

Glinus lotoides Linn. is a plant used in Nigerian traditional medicine for treating many diseases notably abdominal disorders. Decoction of leaf of the plant is mostly used in this case. This study was carried out in order to determine the bioactive compounds present in the leaf acetone–hexane extract of G. lotoides by using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) machine. G. lotoides leaves was extracted in acetone-hexane by cold maceration and concentrated in vacuo. The GC–MS analysis revealed the presence of the following phyto-compounds: 9-Octadecenoic acid, (E) (Z; 242.3975, RT: 16.663; 49.11%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (Z; 256.42, RT: 15.030, 25.58%), Octadecanoic acid (Z; 284.47, RT: 16.785; 6.80%), Stigmasterol (Z; 412.69, RT: 20.929; 5.25%) and Ergost-5-en-3-ol, (3.beta) (Z; 400.68, RT: 19.962; 2.72%) among others. These compounds were identified from leaves of G. lotoides for the first time, and unarguably play very vital roles in the health care system especially in abdominal disorders treatment and other diseases. The study showed that the presence of these compounds in the leaves of G. lotoides might be responsible for its biological activities in traditional medicine. It is therefore a promising important plant of medical and pharmaceutical significance from which drug can be discovered.


Taxonomic implications of foliar epidermal anatomy of Jatropha tanjorensis J.L. Ellis & Saroja and its putative parents

September 2022

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28 Reads

Nigerian Journal of Botany

This study was aimed to determine the relationship among three Jatropha taxa for their reliable identification. Data from reviews showed that J. curcas and J. gossipifolia are the putative parents of J. tanjorensis. Standard method of using Premier Light Microscope, concentrated Trioxonitrate (V) acid, Petri dishes, Methyl-blue and glycerol was employed to carry out the study. Results of the study showed that the three taxa possessed paracytic stomata on both surfaces except in J. gossipifolia where the stomata were only observed on abaxial surface. The cell shape was oblong in J. tanjorensis with undulate anticlinal wall patterns. In J. curcas and J. gossipifolia, the cell shapes and anticlinal wall patterns were irregular and straight, respectively. The stomatal length of the taxa ranged from 11.2 μm to 43.0 μm while the cell length was from 25.0 μm to 84.0 μm. The oblong cell shape and undulate anticlinal walls of J. tanjorensis are its diagnostic characters while the irregular cell shape and amphistomatic leaves are the diagnostic features of J. curcas. Absence of stomata on the adaxial surface with irregular cell shape is unique to J. gossipifolia. The data obtained could be used in conjunction with other characters for reliable identification of the three taxa.


Tree Species Diversity and Distribution in the Natural Forest of Onigambari Forest Reserve, Oyo State, Nigeria

October 2021

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29 Reads

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3 Citations

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management

Anthropogenic activities has caused depletion of majority of Nigeria forest reserves, reducing forest lands to agricultural lands and grasslands. These prompted this study to consider the diversity of species as well as their species composition in the forest in February 2021. Four sub-plots were established in a cluster with an area of 50m by 50m, with 20m distance between each plots and 10m as edge effect. Twenty five tree species belonging to fifteen families were found in the study site. Family Malvaceae was the most represented. Triplochiton scleroxylon recorded the highest relative importance value (11.23). The diversity indices across the study plots assessed were species richness, evenness, Shannon index and dominance. Dominance indices across the study plots were low, asides for Plot 4 where. Triplochiton scleroxylon was dominant. Simpson index was highest in Plot 1 and lowest at Plot 4. Shannon index was highest, though in moderation in Plot 1 and relatively low in the remaining plots. Evenness indices across the four plots were high. However, the summarized diversity indices for the study site reflected dominance was generally low, Simpson index was high, Shannon index was moderate and Evenness index was moderate. The dendrogram depicted the relationship among the tree species population based on similarities and dissimilarities. Triplochiton scleroxylon belonged to a cluster while every other species with close similarity were categorized under cluster 2.


Qualitative characters of the five studied Euphorbia taxa.
Quantitative characters of the five studied Euphorbia taxa.
Qualitative characters of the foliar epidermis of the five studied Euphorbia taxa.
Reliable identification of five taxa of Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) of ethnobotanical value by morphological characters of the leaves
  • Article
  • Full-text available

October 2021

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158 Reads

Phytologia Balcanica

This study is aimed at using macro and micro morphological features of the leaves for reliable identification of five taxa of Euphorbia. Standard methods are used in the study. The obtained results have shown that the leaf surface of E. hirta is pubescent, while in the other four taxa is glabrous. As their diagnostic features, E. hirta has an oblique leaf base and tetracytic stomata on the abaxial surface and E. heterophylla shows variable leaf shapes, with incised margins and actinocytic stomata on the abaxial surface. E. hyssopifolia has oblong leaves with rounded base and anisocytic stomata, while E. milii has obovate leaves with cuneate base and hypo-paracytic stomata. Cordate leaf base and staurocytic stomata on the abaxial surface are diagnostic of E. prostrata. Foliar epidermis of E. hyssopifolia and E. prostrata is reported here for the first time.

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Could the Three Be Edible and Natural Sources of Levodopa? Morphological Characterization of Three Taxa of Mucuna (Fabaceae) in Ebonyi State, Southeastern Nigeria

September 2021

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11 Reads

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1 Citation

Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal

Background: There were reports that M. pruriens was edible and natural source of Levodopa used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, but the identity of the variety used for the treatment is uncertain. Hence, the present study is important to provide their diagnostic characters for further studies by prospective researchers. Methods: The qualitative study was carried out by observing and recording the features of the taxa while the quantitative was obtained as the leaflet length and width were measured using a metre rule. From each specimen, leaves were randomly selected and measured using metre rule. Standard methods were used in this study. Result: The three taxa possess trifoliate leaves in common and the flower colours are as follows: Yellow in M. flagellipes, purple in M. puriens var. pruriens and white in M. pruriens var. utilis. Testa colours are black, black and white in the M. flagellipes, M. pruriens var. pruriens and M. pruriens var. utilis, respectively. The highest average leaflet length was 17.5 recorded in M. pruriens var. pruriens while the lowest average leaflet length of 8.4 was recorded in M. pruriens var. utilis. The three taxa could be eaten based on review. Petal and testa colour could be used to distinguish the taxa studied.


Taxonomic studies of two trifoliate legumes of high economic importance in Ebonyi State, South-eastern Nigeria

June 2021

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6 Reads

Plants and Environment

Taxonomic studies of Sphenostylis stenocarpa and Centrosema pubescens based macro-morphology and foliar epidermises were carried out to determine their similarities and differences. The taxa are of high economic values as they are used as food and medicine in Nigeria. Standard methods were used to carry out the studies as qualitative and quantitative macromorphological characters of the taxa were obtained by visual observation and measuring with metre rule while foliar epidermal study followed standard methods previously used by other researchers. The taxa studied have trifoliate leaf type with leaf and leaflet arrangement alternate and opposite respectively. From the foliar epidermises, Sphenostylis stenocarpa possesses paracytic stomata on the abaxial surface and anisocytic stomata on the adaxial. The abaxial surface of Centrosema pubescens possesses anomocytic and paracytic stomata and anomocytic stomata on the adaxial surface. Cell shapes of the foliar epidermal surfaces are irregular with undulate anticlinal wall patterns except on the adaxial surface of Sphenostylis stenocarpa with pentagonal cell shape and straight anticlinal wall. The two taxa are similar in their leaf type and arrangement but differ greatly in their stomatal types.


Figure 1. A, Heterotis rotundifolia (Sm.) Jacq.-Fel.; B, Dissotis erecta (Guill. & Perr.) Dandy.
Figure 3. Photomicrographs of the foliar epidermal surfaces of Dissotis erecta (Guill. & Perr.) Dandy: A, Abaxial surface showing tetracytic stomata; B, Adaxial surface showing tetracytic stomata.
Figure 4. Photomicrographs of pollen grains: A, Heterotis rotundifolia (Sm.) Jacq.-Fel.; B, Dissotis erecta (Guill. & Perr.) Dandy.
The qualitative and quantitative macro-morphological features of Heterotis and Dissotis species studied.
Foliar epidermal features of the two Heterotis and Dissotis species studied.
Comparative studies of Heterotis rotundifolia (Sm.) Jacq.-Fel. and Dissotis erecta (Guill. & Perr.) Dandy (Melastomataceae) based on macromorpholoy, foliar epidemis and pollen features in Southeastern Nigeria.

April 2021

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284 Reads

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1 Citation

Tropical Plant Research

Heterotis rotundifolia and Dissotis erecta were comparatively studied to evaluate their macro-morphological, foliar epidermal and palynological features. Standard materials and methods were employed to carry out the studies. The leaf shapes, surfaces, margin, apex and base of the two species are elliptic, glabrous, entire, acute, acute and oblique respectively. The mean values of the leaf length of Heterotis rotundifolia is 3.23 cmand Dissotis erecta is 3.57 cm while the mean values of the leaf width are 1.96 cm in Heterotis rotundifolia and 1.31 cm in Dissotis erecta. Anisocytic stomata are recorded only on the abaxial surface of Heterotis rotundifolia while tetracytic stomata are common on the abaxial and adaxial surfaces of Dissotis erecta. Stomata are not recorded on the adaxial surface of Heterotis rotundifolia. Cell shapes of the two species studied are mainly pentagonal in all the surfaces except on the abaxial surface of Heterotis rotundifolia where it is isodiametric. Trichomes are absent on the epidermal surfaces. The anticlinal wall patterns are straight and undulate on the surfaces. The pollen grains observed in the two species were tricolpate. The two species which are common in Southeastern Nigeria can easily be differentiated macro-morphologically by their habits and colour of their standard petals. Foliar epidermal features are also of great importance for their differentiations. The palynological report here may be novel since there is no earlier report of pollen features found on the two species studied.



Citations (4)


... The species diversity indices and evenness index revealed the presence of high tree diversity and even representation of species in the studied forest compared to other forests (Oluwatosin and Jimoh, 2016). Similarly, Olaoti-Laaro et al. (2021), in their study reported that the evenness index and species diversity were moderate, which is in agreement with Salami et al. (2016) and Akinyemi et al. (2020). Notably, the Shannon diversity index value of 2.0443 (Table 2) recorded in this study is lower than the 3.52 and 3.83 reported by Osabiya et al. (2022) for Akure Forest Reserve and Okomu National Park, respectively. ...

Reference:

Tree Species Diversity in Makurdi Zoological Garden, Benue State, Nigeria
Tree Species Diversity and Distribution in the Natural Forest of Onigambari Forest Reserve, Oyo State, Nigeria
  • Citing Article
  • October 2021

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management

... Mucuna flagellipes, commonly known as cowitch (English) and Ukpo (southeastern, Nigeria), is an annual crop and can be cultivated for one year [253]. The hairy pod has been used in India for the treatment of snakebite while the stem is used for snakebite in West Africa [254]. ...

Could the Three Be Edible and Natural Sources of Levodopa? Morphological Characterization of Three Taxa of Mucuna (Fabaceae) in Ebonyi State, Southeastern Nigeria
  • Citing Article
  • September 2021

Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal

... These findings corroborate the report of Abere et al. (2010) 17 that reported the inhibition of E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and S. typhi by alcohol-based extracts of Dissotis rotundifolia (Sm.) (synonyms, Heterotis rotundifolia). 38 A study by Singh et al. (2021) 39 demonstrated the high effectiveness of ME extracts against Gram+ve and Gram-ve organisms. The activities exhibited by other fractions of H. rotundifolia indicate that the extract is a reliable repository of essential bioactive compounds with significant therapeutic potentials. ...

Comparative studies of Heterotis rotundifolia (Sm.) Jacq.-Fel. and Dissotis erecta (Guill. & Perr.) Dandy (Melastomataceae) based on macromorpholoy, foliar epidemis and pollen features in Southeastern Nigeria.

Tropical Plant Research

... In plant systematics, various macro characters and leaf anatomy are used to solve the taxonomic problems of plants. The leaf epidermis has important structures (stomata, epidermal cells, subsidiary cells, guard cells, and trichomes, etc.) in the identification of species (Hussain, 2020;Odewo et. al., 2020). ...

Comparative studies of two medicinal plants: Petiveria alliacea L. and Hilleria latifolia (Lam.) H. Walter (Petiveriaceae) based on foliar anatomy
  • Citing Article
  • June 2020

Plants and Environment