S Kuchár’s research while affiliated with Slovak Academy of Sciences and other places

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Publications (54)


The effect of glucose and propionate on the amino acid metabolism of suckling and ruminating lambs
  • Article

October 2009

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9 Reads

J Anim Physiol a Anim Nutr

J. Tomáš

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J. Koppel

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S. Kuchár

Der Einfluß von Glucose und Propionat auf den Aminosäurenstoffwechsel von saugenden und wiederkauenden Lämmern Es wurden die Konzentrationsänderungen der freien Aminosäuren im Plasma bei saugenden und wiederkauenden Lämmern nach peroraler Verabreichung von äquimolaren Mengen (5,56 mmol/kg Körpergewicht) Glucose oder Propionat untersucht. Eine Kontrollgruppe erhielt zum Vergleich 0,9%ige NaCl-Lösung. Die Aminosäuren wurden anhand von Säulenchromatograhie bestimmt. Aufgrund der vorliegenden Untersuchungen kann geschlossen werden, daß das Aminosäurenspektrum durch die Verabreichung von Glucose und Propionat verändert wird. Diese Änderungen sind teilweise abhängig vom Alter der Tiere. Die größten Konzentrationsänderungen wurden für Isoleucin, Leucin, Valin, also bei verzweigtkettigen Aminosäuren, aber auch für Lysin gefunden. Sie können nicht allein durch die Plasmagehalte von Insulin und Glucose erklärt werden. An den komplexen Regulationsvorgängen nehmen danach andere Hormone, wahrscheinlich Glucagon und Wachstumshormon teil, die den Gehalt an freien Aminosäuren im Plasma von Wiederkäuern beeinflussen.


The effect of glucose and xylazine on free amino acids concentrations in suckling and ruminating lambs

October 2009

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45 Reads

J Anim Physiol a Anim Nutr

Der Einfluß von Glucose und Xylazin auf die Konzentration von freien Aminosäuren im Plasma von saugenden und wiederkauenden Lämmern Es wurden die Veränderungen der freien Aminosäuren im Plasma von saugenden und wiederkauenden Lämmern bei fettreicher und fettarmer Diät nach Injektion von Glucose, Xylazin bzw. Glucose plus Xylazin untersucht. Die freien Aminosäuren wurden mit Hilfe von Säulenchromatographie bestimmt. Es konnten unterschiedliche Veränderungen im Plasma-Aminosäurenspektrum in den verschiedenen Versuchen beobachtet werden, wobei die Korrelationen zu Glucose enger waren als zu Insulin. Nach der Verabreichung von Glucose wurde ein Abfall von esentiellen Aminosäuren, insbesondere der verzweigtkettigen Aminosäuren, beobachtet. Die Injektion von Xylazin bzw. von Xylazin plus Glucose führte zu einem Abfall von essentiellen und nicht essentiellen Aminosäuren im Plasma, was auf die Wirkung von Glycogen zurückgeführt wird. Aufgrund der vorliegenden Untersuchungen kann geschlossen werden, daß die Regulation des Aminosäurenstoffwechsels komplexen Regulationsmechanismen unterliegt, wobei neben den humoralen Faktoren (Glucose, Insulin, Glucagon) auch Vormagenfunktion und Rationstyp eine wichtige Rolle spielen.


Effect of peroral administration of volatile fatty acids on insulin, glucose and lipids in plasma of ruminating lambs

October 2009

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33 Reads

J Anim Physiol a Anim Nutr

J. Koppel

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S. Kuchár

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[...]

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K. Bo?a

Der Einfluß einer peroralen Zufuhr von flüchtigen Fettsäuren auf die Insulin-, Glucose- und Lipid-Konzentrationen im Plasma von wiederkauenden Lämmern Es wurden die Veränderungen der Insulin-, Glucose- und Lipid-Konzentrationen im Plasma von wiederkauenden Lämmern nach peroraler Zufuhr von Acetat (16,8 mMol/kg Körpergewicht), Propionat (5,6 mMol/kg Körpergewicht), Butyrat (2,8 mMol/kg Körpergewicht) und Valeriat (0,56 mMol/kg Körpergewicht) untersucht. Der Plasma-Glucose-Gehalt war signifikant erhöht, die Insulin-Konzentration erniedrigt nach der Zufuhr von Acetat. Die Verabreichung von Propionat führte zu signifikant erhöhten Insulin- und Glucose-Konzentrationen im Plasma. Nach der Verabreichung von Butyrat trat im Plasma ein signifikanter Abfall der Insulin-Konzentration verbunden mit einer Hyperglycemic auf. Valeriat verursachte keine Beeinflussung der Insulin- und Glucose-Gehalte im Plasma. Daraus kann abgeleitet werden, daß Propionat die Insulin-Sekretion beim Lamm am stärksten stimuliert. Aus dem Insulin-Abfall nach der Verabreichung von Acetat als Hauptenergiequelle, wird auf Veränderungen in der Stoffwechsel-Homöostase geschlossen, die auf weiteren metabolischen und hormonellen Faktoren beruhen.


The effect of insulin and methionine on amino acid metabolism in suckling and ruminating lambs

October 2009

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9 Reads

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2 Citations

J Anim Physiol a Anim Nutr

Der Einfluß von Insulin und Methionin auf den Aminosäuren-Stoffwechsel von saugenden und wiederkauenden Lämmern Es wurden die Unterschiede in der Konzentration von freien Aminosäuren im Blutserum bei saugenden und wiederkauenden Lämmern nach der Injektion von 4 U/kg s. c. bzw. 4 U/kg i. p. Insulin und Methionin (300 mg/kg) untersucht. Die Kontrollgruppe erhielt statt Methionin 0,9% NaCl-Lösung. Die Analyse der freien Aminosäuren im Blutplasma wurde durch Säulen-Chromatographie mit Hilfe des automatischen Aminosäuren-Analysators HD-1200 durchgeführt. Während der Aufnahme von Milch konnte ein Abfall in der Konzentration der essentiellen Aminosäuren im Blutserum 2,5 Std. nach s.c. und i.p.-Insulin-Injektion und ebenso nach Methion-Injektion beobachtet werden. Dieser Abfall betraf hauptsächlich Lysin, Isoleucin, Phenylalanin und die nicht essentielle Aminosäure Tyrosin. Beim wiederkauenden Lamm konnten die gleichen Beobachtungen 7,5 Std. nach intraperitonealer Verabreichung von Insulin gefunden werden. Nach der Verabreichung von Methionin waren diese Unterschiede stärker ausgeprägt. Die Unterschiede in der Blutserum-Konzentration der Aminosäuren bei Lämmern mit entwickeltem Vormagensystem zeigt, daß eine intraperitoneale Verabreichung des Insulins biologisch effektiver ist als eine subcutane Injektion und, daß Insulin den Aminosäuren-Stoffwechsel nicht direkt beeinflußt, da signifikante Unterschiede erst nach 7,5 Std. nach der Injektion beobachtet wurden, während eine neutrale Zn-Insulin-Injektion innerhalb von 5–6 Std. wirksam wird.


The longitudinal growth of tibia in oestradiol-treated and restrictedly fed immature male rats

February 1994

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6 Reads

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2 Citations

Physiological research / Academia Scientiarum Bohemoslovaca

The effect of oestradiol administration and restricted feeding on longitudinal tibia growth was investigated in immature male rats. The restrictedly fed animals had a significantly longer tibia, greater thickness of the growth plate, faster rate of longitudinal tibial growth as well as the greater rate of [methyl-3H]thymidine incorporation into the growth plate of the tibia compared with oestradiol-treated animals. The results indicate that, in immature male rats, exogenous oestradiol can decrease the longitudinal growth of the tibia (at least partly due to inhibition of cell proliferation in the growth plate) independently of its anorexic effect.


A simple device for sectioning fresh rat brain

February 1994

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9 Reads

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1 Citation

Brain Research Bulletin

This article describes a simple device that enables sectioning of an unfixed unfrozen fresh rat brain corresponding in position with the de Groote's stereotaxic coordinate systems. The construction of this device allows adjustment of the thickness of the individual brain slices and, thus, facilitates quick and precise removal of whole discrete brain particles or nuclei from a minimal number of slices. Adaptation of this device for other stereotaxic brain atlases is easily possible.


Body fat and RNA content of the VMH cells in rats neonatally treated with monosodium glutamate

February 1994

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7 Reads

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23 Citations

Brain Research Bulletin

The RNA content of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH), the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA), and the cortical neurons of male and female rats, neonatally treated with monosodium glutamate (MSG), were investigated. MSG (2 g/kg b.wt.) was injected subcutaneously to male and female rat pups daily for 5 days after birth. At 12 weeks of age a significant decrease of RNA content in the VMH cells and significantly increased body fat in neonatally MSG-treated animals were found. Correlation of these data showed a significant negative correlation between the body fat content and the RNA content in VMH neurons. The results a) confirm a closed relationship between the body fat content and the functional activity of VMH, b) indicate that obesity of neonatally MSG-treated animals should be due to decreased functional activity of the VMH cells.


Maternal behaviour in septal rat females

February 1993

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19 Reads

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7 Citations

Physiological research / Academia Scientiarum Bohemoslovaca

Dorsal lesions of the septum influenced the maternal behaviour of Wistar and Long-Evans females, as well as of their hybrids, in a different way. The phenomenon of infanticide appeared in Wistar females only, whereas mothering was not impaired in others. However, the mouse-killing activity was not enhanced in Wistar females displaying infanticide. On the contrary, they exhibited xenoparental behaviour. If these females had grown up in a species-typical environment, characterized by enriched social stimulation during their critical developmental period, no impairment of maternal behaviour following dorsal septal lesions occurred. The ablation of the whole septum caused a break-down of maternal behaviour with the appearance of infanticide in all females regardless of their stock origin and their individual life history. The specific role of the septum in the control of maternal behaviour is discussed.


[Body weight and skeletal growth in female rats after ovariectomy]

February 1993

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6 Reads

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1 Citation

Veterinární Medicína

The body weight gain and growth of tail and tibia were investigated in ovariectomized female rats to ascertain whether the increased skeletal growth after ovariectomy takes place at the same time as the increased body weight gain. Female rats were ovariectomized on the 30th day of age; half of them was killed on the 60th day of age and the other half was killed on the 130th day of age. The body weight and tail length were significantly higher in the ovariectomized females than in intact females from the 60th day of age (Figs. 1, 2). The ovariectomized animals had higher body weight gain and tail length increment, in comparison with intact animals, mainly between the 40th and 60th day of age (Tabs. I, II). After the 90th day of age the body weight gain and tail length increment were no longer significantly higher in ovariectomized animals than in intact animals, although the ovariectomized females maintained the significantly higher body weight and tail length till the end of the experiment (130th day of age). The length of tibia was larger in ovariectomized animals if compared with controls, on the 60th as well as on the 130th day of age. However, the rate of longitudinal growth of tibia, measured (by tetracycline method) between the 57th and 59th day and between the 127th and 129th day of age, was significantly higher in ovariectomized animals only in the first period of measurement (Tab. III).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)


Body fat and RNA content of VMH neurons in rats

February 1993

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20 Reads

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4 Citations

Brain Research Bulletin

The epididymal and retroperitoneal fat content of 180-day-old male Wistar rats, coming from litters of eight pups was correlated with their RNA content in ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) and lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) neurons. A significant negative correlation was found between the RNA content in VMH neurons and epididymal and retroperitoneal fat content. The results indicate a closed relationship between the body fat content and the functional activity of VMH.


Citations (21)


... Information is scarce on the dietary factors affecting the voluntary feed intake of preruminant animals, although the few studies available seem to indicate that, while during the first 2 weeks of life the size of the abomasum may be the primary regulatory factor of feed intake, between the second and third weeks of life the amount of feed consumed is a function of the amount of energy ingested (Ternouth et al. 1985;Lara, 1991), there being glucostatic and lipostatic controls which function so as to maintain an adequate energy balance (Boda et al. 1984). With respect to what generally appears to occur in the growing animal, Webster (1986) has demonstrated that by varying the diet composition it is possible to vary the body composition, indicating that the animal has certain goals with respect to body composition and varies its intake of certain diets in order to get as close to these goals as possible. ...

Reference:

Dietary factors affecting the maximum feed intake and the body composition of pre-ruminant kid goats of the Granadina breed
FOOD INTAKE CONTROL IN SUCKLING LAMBS
  • Citing Article
  • December 1984

The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne

... Gordon Kennedy [58][59][60] hypothesised that body fat stores are subject to homeostatic regulation through a process in which afferent signals generated in proportion to body fat mass provide negative feedback to brain areas involved in the control of food intake. ...

[The regulation of food intake]
  • Citing Article
  • February 1978

Ceskoslovenska fysiologie / Ustredni ustav biologicky

... In general, testosterone increases longitudinal bone growth at the growth plate, and estrogen inhibits such growth [39][40][41]. Administration of estrogen to immature intact male and female rats decreased longitudinal growth rate of the tibia [39,[42][43][44][45]. Estrogenic compounds decreased both resorption and formation of trabecular bone in intact [46][47][48][49] as well as ovariectomized [48][49][50][51][52][53][54] rats. ...

The effect of administration of estradiol and testosterone on body growth of young male rats
  • Citing Article
  • February 1992

Physiological research / Academia Scientiarum Bohemoslovaca

... Because litter size exerts an obvious effect on milk availability to pups, recent studies have used large litter size animals specially to study undernutrition during the pre-weaning period [49] and small litter sizes to study overfeeding [11,12,40]. Several differences produced by litter size have also been described at adulthood in the hypothalamus [11,12,33,40,51] , visual cortex and hippo- campus [46]. However, the effects in adult emotionality and cognition of rearing rats in litters differing in size have not been extensively studied since the 70–80s. ...

Influence of litter size on the RNA content of VMH and LHA in preweaning rats
  • Citing Article
  • January 1992

Physiology & Behavior

... These data not only indicate that the RNA content changes in correspondence with the satiety effect of the injected compounds (330,331), but also are in conformity with the different role that the two structures play in the control of feeding (264). This work was followed up by the same group (332) in mature rats to study the effect on RNA in the food-deprived and short-term refed rats. Whereas the total RNA content of the LHA significantly decreased in both 12-and 24-h fasted rats compared with those fed ad lib, the RNA content of the VMN increased after 24, but not after 12 h of fasting. ...

RNA content of neurons in the ventromedial nuclei and lateral hypothalamic area relative to feeding status
  • Citing Article
  • February 1988

Physiology & Behavior

... The prolactin administered until PND 35 led to bodyweight gain. The daily analysis demonstrated that the statistical (Ryníková et al. 1988;Pérez-Villamil et al. 1992). This effect can be explained by prolactin-induced leptin expression, leading to lipogenesis and accumulation of adipose tissues (Gualillo et al. 1999;Zhang et al. 2016). ...

Effects of Ovine Prolactin in Infant Rats
  • Citing Article
  • January 1989

Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology

... Indications of technical errors derive from calculations of urea space, which range from 20% (6) to more than 90% (55) of the body weight ( Figure 5). Urea space in ruminants may not be constant under different dietary don ditions (24,28,29). More information is needed on physiological Variation between plasma urea concentration and urea Pool and possible adaptive changes of urea space induced by dietary conditions. ...

Relationship of urea retention to the urea space and the blood urea level in fasting sheep.
  • Citing Article
  • February 1970

Physiologia Bohemoslovaca

... Under conditions of low or zero intake, urea-N production exceeds N intake in both ruminants (e.g. Havassey et al. 1973;Amos et al. 1976;Whitelaw et al. 1990) and non-ruminants (Meakins & Jackson, 1996) as the body mobilizes protein stores and undergoes negative N retention. At supramaintenance intakes, however, urea-N production still exceeds apparent digestible N absorption in both human subjects (e.g. ...

Increased urea transport from muscle tissue to blood in fasting sheep
  • Citing Article
  • February 1973

Physiologia Bohemoslovaca

... Ruminants have the ability to accumulate N by passive transfer of plasma urea by N recycling to the rumen and/or large intestine, where it can be used for synthesis of microbial protein (Boda et al., 1974). It has been documented that ruminants fed a low nitrogen diet are able to recycle a larger portion of endogenous urea into the digestive tract than animals on a high nitrogen intake (Havassy et al., 1974). Nonetheless, the vasopressin induced short-term formation of highly concentrated urine showed to be an insufficiently strong stimulator to increase the retention of nitrogen in our experimental sheep. ...

Retention of intravenously administered 15N labelled urea in sheep
  • Citing Article
  • February 1974

Physiologia Bohemoslovaca

... Enzyme activities in the conversion of nitrogenous compounds like arginase, COT, GPT, and glutarninase have been found in turnen epithelium (21,48). A transfer of nonessential arnino acids (glycine) into the rumen during periods of prolonged starvation also has been suggested (25,26,53). Glycine in plasma increased in goats by 100% when feed was withheld (22). ...

Passage of 15N-labelled urea nitrogen from the blood into the sheep rumen and its recirculation
  • Citing Article
  • February 1974

Physiologia Bohemoslovaca