... In Russia, bristly millipedes (the order Polyxenida) are known to be represented by only a handful of species, in three genera and two families, Polyxenidae and Lophoproctidae. The eyed Polyxenidae contains the subcosmopolitan, chiefly Holarctic Polyxenus lagurus (Linnaeus, 1758), a species known from bisexual and/or, in harsher environments, parthenogenetic populations, and ranging across Europe to Russia's northwestern parts in the north (Karelia and the Leningrad Region) (Lokshina, 1969;Kime, Enghoff, 2011) to Donbass, Crimea, the Rostovon-Don Region and, surprisingly only a few records, the Western Caucasus in the south (Prisnyi, 2001;Short et al., 2020;Evsyukov et al., 2022;Golovatch, 2023); Polyxenus lankaranensis Short, Vahtera, Wesener et Golovatch, 2020, from Azerbaijan and Dagestan, NE Caucasus (Short et al., 2020); Polyxenus sp., a closer unidentified species recorded from the Maritime Province, Russia's Far East (Mikhaljova, 2004(Mikhaljova, , 2017; and Propolyxenus argentifer (Verhoeff, 1921), from Crimea, the Krasnodar and Stavropol provinces, and nearly throughout the remaining Caucasus, including the Hyrcanian parts of Azerbaijan and Iran (Short et al., 2020;Zuev, 2021). The blind Lophoproctidae comprises in the Russian fauna only a single species: Lophoproctus coecus Pocock, 1894, from Crimea, the Rostov-on-Don Region and across the entire Caucasus region, including the Hyrcanian part of Iran, and Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia (Short, 2015;Evsyukov et al., 2022). ...