S B Balkarova’s scientific contributions

The regularities of crystallization of water droplets in an air stream and the processes of heat and mass transfer have been investigated. Theoretical calculations for determining the time of complete solidification of a drop are presented. Calculation formulas are given for determining the Reynolds number and wind coefficient, as well as comparative curves of theoretical and experimental studies of the average time of complete freezing of drops. It is shown that the theoretical calculations are in agreement with the experimental data. It was found that with intense blowing, the droplet crystallizes in a regime in which its surface is maintained at a constant temperature. An ice crust forms in the form of a dendrite when supercooled droplets crystallize. On the basis of numerous experiments, it has been established that the character of droplet crystallization substantially depends on the external conditions under which the crystallization process takes place.

A technique has been developed for experimental modeling of the crystallization of water droplets in the air stream. It is shown that the electric field affects the crystallization of droplets. A multiple regression equation is obtained, which connects the time of complete freezing of droplets in the air flow with their size and medium temperature. The obtained results can be useful in laboratory and theoretical modeling of the mechanisms of freezing of droplets and in the implementation of methods for the active influence on thundercloud clouds and fogs.

The variants of calculation formulas for heat and mass transfer in the convective processes, the radiant heat transfer and the mass between water and moist air transfer are given, taking into account the contribution of each of these processes. The simplified calculation formulas for the following options were obtained: the amount of heat transferred by radiant heat is insufficient or can be neglected; the heat flux transferred by convective heat exchange is not significant; mass transfer has low effect on the heat transfer.

Heat and mass transfer in the nature and engineering with the help of the following physical mechanisms: convective heat transfer, mass transfer, radiant heat transfer (transfer of energy by radiation) are studied in the given work. In various cases each of these physical mechanisms can make major or minor (which may be neglected) contribution to heat and mass transfer. Simplified calculation formulas of heat and mass transfer are received for the following cases: heat amount transmitted by radiant heat transfer is small and may be neglected; convective heat transfer is not significant; mass transfer has poor influence on heat transfer.

The paper discusses possible approaches to reduce the risks associated with dangerous weather conditions. More specifically, the article considers the problem of reducing agricultural losses from such dangerous agrometeorological phenomena as hailstorm and drought. Within the framework of the decision-making theory, the formulation of the problem of reducing the losses of a considering industry from these phenomena is proposed – the objective is making decisions under risk. The features of the information support of this problem and the main tasks arising in the way of its practical use are discussed. The results of calculations that are carried out to analyze the effectiveness of the proposed method are given. The results of the calculations showed that the method is quite effective and can be used to reduce agricultural losses from hail.

Basic properties of poly (arylene ether ketone) s based on 1,1-dichloro-2,2-di (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl) ethylene were synthesized and studied. Polyarylene ether ketones were obtained on the basis of 1,1-dichloro-2,2-di (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl) ethylene with increased heat - thermal and fire resistance of structural and film purposes.