Rupert De Wachter’s research while affiliated with University of Antwerp and other places

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Publications (163)


Fig. 1. Neighbour-joining tree based on the full 16S rRNA gene sequence of 13 strains of Burkholderia . Similarities were adjusted by the Jukes–Cantor model; insertions and deletions were taken into account. Bootstrap values represent percentage support of the nodes based on 1000 resamplings. Pando- raea norimbergensis served as outgroup. 
'Candidatus Burkholderia calva' and 'Candidatus Burkholderia nigropunctata' as leaf gall endosymbionts of African Psychotria
  • Article
  • Full-text available

December 2004

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151 Reads

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39 Citations

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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Rupert De Wachter

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Phylogenetic 16S rRNA gene analysis was used to assign the bacterial leaf-nodulating endosymbionts of two tropical African Psychotria species to the genus Burkholderia. The microsymbionts of the different Psychotria hosts were recognized as distinct and novel species of Burkholderia on the basis of relatively low intersequence similarities and sufficiently large evolutionary distances when compared with each other and their closest validly named neighbours. The obligate endosymbiotic nature of the bacteria prevented their in vitro cultivation and the deposition of type strains to culture collections. Therefore, the provisional status Candidatus is assigned to the bacterial partners of Psychotria calva and Psychotria nigropunctata, with the proposal of the names 'Candidatus Burkholderia calva' and 'Candidatus Burkholderia nigropunctata', respectively.

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Fig. 1. Illustration of the new RnaViz interface. The screen shot shows the editing of a small subunit ribosomal RNA structure with several annotations. The 3D conformation is an inserted bitmap. Also visible are some torn off menus, and the color chooser. 
Rna Viz 2: An improved representation of RNA secondary structure

February 2003

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410 Reads

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304 Citations

Bioinformatics

RnaViz has been developed to easily create nice, publication quality drawings of RNA secondary structure. RnaViz 2 supports CT, DCSE, and RNAML input formats and improves on many aspects of the first version, notably portability and structure annotation. RnaViz is written using a hybrid programming approach combining pieces written in C and in the scripting language Tcl/Tk, making the program very portable and extensible. Availability: Source code, binaries for Linux and MS Windows, and additional documentation are available athttp://rrna.uia.ac.be/rnaviz/


Fig 2. Schematic overview of leaf nodulation in Psychotria. Arrows indicate the closed symbiotic cycle (grey), the loss of bacteria in the apex (black), and the regain of bacteria (striped).
Induction of a crippled phenotype in Psychotria (Rubiaceae) upon loss of the bacterial endophyte

January 2003

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313 Reads

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16 Citations

Bacterial leaf nodulation is a model of exceptional collaboration of bacteria and higher plants. The presence of the endosymbiont is absolutely required to ascertain survival of the host. Abandonment of the symbiotic cycle leads to distorted leaf formation and stunted plant growth, eventually resulting in death of the host. Recently, the endophytes of several Psychotria have been identified as novel Burkholderia species. With our research we are trying to discover the strategies involved in this symbiosis, with Psychot- ria as the host and Burkholderia as the endosymbiont. To this purpose we thoroughly analyzed healthy nodulated plants and crippled bacteria-free plants.


Fig. 1. Transmission electron micrograph showing sections of the bacteria inhabiting the leaf galls of P. kirkii var. tarambassica (19536779). B, Endosymbiotic bacteria ; C, chloroplast of the surrounding plant cells. Bar, 1 µm. 
Table 2 . Oligonucleotide primers used for PCR amplification and sequencing of 16S rDNA 
Fig. 2. Phylogenetic tree based on the 16S rDNA of 22 strains of Burkholderia. Similarities were adjusted by the Jukes & Cantor model ; indels were not taken into account. Depicted bootstrap values represent percentage support of the nodes based on 1000 resamplings. Sutterella wadsworthensis served as an outgroup. 
Van Oevelen S, De Wachter R, Vandamme E, Robbrecht E, Prinsen E.. Identification of the bacterial endosymbionts in leaf galls of Psychotria (Rubiaceae, angiosperms) and proposal of ‘Candidatus Burkholderia kirkii’ sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52: 2023-2027

December 2002

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250 Reads

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57 Citations

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

This paper reports the identification of bacterial endosymbionts inhabiting the leaf galls of Psychotria kirkii. A phylogenetic approach was used to reveal the identity of these as yet uncultivable bacterial endophytes. Based on the analysis of 16S rDNA sequences, evolutionary trees were constructed that place the endosymbiont in the genus Burkholderia. Low levels of sequence identity and rather large evolutionary distances to the closest validly named relatives indicate that these symbiotic bacteria represent a novel species. Until cultivation is successful or until more phenotypic data become available the provisional name 'Candidatus Burkholderia kirkii' sp. nov. is proposed.


Evolutionary Relationships among Heterokont Algae (the Autotrophic Stramenopiles) Based on Combined Analyses of Small and Large Subunit Ribosomal RNA

July 2002

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187 Reads

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43 Citations

Protist

In order to study the phylogenetic relationships within the stramenopiles, and particularly among the heterokont algae, we have determined complete or nearly complete large-subunit ribosomal RNA sequences for different species of raphidophytes, phaeophytes, xanthophytes, chrysophytes, synurophytes and pinguiophytes. With the small- and large-subunit ribosomal RNA sequences of representatives for nearly all known groups of heterokont algae, phylogenetic trees were constructed from a concatenated alignment of both ribosomal RNAs, including more than 5,000 positions. By using different tree construction methods, inferred phylogenies showed phaeophytes and xanthophytes as sister taxa, as well as the pelagophytes and dictyochophytes, and the chrysophytes/synurophytes and eustigmatophytes. All these relationships are highly supported by bootstrap analysis. However, apart from these sister group relationships, very few other internodes are well resolved and most groups of heterokont algae seem to have diverged within a relatively short time frame.


The European database on small subunit ribosomal RNA

February 2002

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118 Reads

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299 Citations

Nucleic Acids Research

The European database on SSU rRNA can be consulted via the World WideWeb at http://rrna.uia.ac.be/ssu/ and compiles all complete or nearly complete small subunit ribosomal RNA sequences. Sequences are provided in aligned format. The alignment takes into account the secondary structure information derived by comparative sequence analysis of thousands of sequences. Additional information such as literature references, taxonomy, secondary structure models and nucleotide variability maps, is also available.



Citations (89)


... Cloacal swabs were collected before arriving at the facility. DNA was extracted from the swabs using a Maxwell RSC Buccal swab kit (Promega) according to the manufacturer's instructions to confirm the absence of C. jejuni by PCR as described by Eyers et al. (51), which was also used to confirm the absence of C. hepaticus. The absence of S. Typhimurium was confirmed by PCR, as described below. ...

Reference:

Immunological and pathobiological characteristics of a novel live Salmonella Typhimurium-vectored Campylobacter vaccine candidate for layer chickens
Discrimination among thermophilic Campylobacter species by polymerase chain reaction amplification of 23S rRNA gene fragments
  • Citing Article
  • December 1993

... Notably, Zhao and colleagues reported that the m.1095T>C mutation was correlated with ototoxicity and non-syndromic hearing loss in three Chinese families affected by this condition (Zhao et al., 2005). This T-to-C substitution, located within the 12S rRNA gene, was found to disrupt the highly conserved stem-loop structure of helix 25 (Neefs et al., 1991). Significantly, the m.1095T>C mutation was identified in affected individuals, but not in 364 Chinese control subjects. ...

Compilation of small ribosomal subunit RNA sequences
  • Citing Article
  • January 1992

... The dearth of molecular data for frenulate species becomes even more conspicuous when considering the limited number of sequences available compared to the extensive catalog of described species. As highlighted by Sen et al. (2018), a few sequences from frenulate species have been recurrently utilized across molecular studies for an extended period (Winnepenninckx et al. 1995;Black et al. 1997;Halanych et al. 2001;Rousset et al. 2004;Halanych 2005). Notably, only sequences from 12 Frenulata species are present in GenBank, accounting for a mere 7.8% of all described species. ...

Phylogeny of protostome worms derived from 18S rRNA sequences.
  • Citing Article
  • July 1995

Molecular Biology and Evolution

... 3; 94% BP in Van de Peer and De Wachter (1997a); see also Wainright et al. 1993], by its unique possession of a large insertion in protein synthesis elongation factor-1 (EF-1), and by analyses of the conservative, taxonomically well-sampled proteins -tubulin -tubulin, EF-1, and actin (Fig. 4) (Baldauf 1999). Although SSU rRNA data seem to resolve fungal relationships consistently and with high bootstrap support for many major clades (e.g., Bruns et al. 1992; Van de Peer et al. 1995), the overall divergence order among animal taxa is not well resolved by these data (Adoutte and Philippe 1993; Abouheif et al. 1998). Nevertheless, some important conclusions about metazoan relationships can be drawn on the basis of SSU rRNA. ...

Investigation of fungal phylogeny on the basis of small ribosomal subunit RNA sequences
  • Citing Chapter
  • January 1995

... This uncertainty can pose a serious limitation on the applicability of Sanger sequencing in colony identication when there is potential for multispecies colony formation. 42 Nanopore sequencing technology is emerging fast in the landscape of sequencing and is being applied for an increasing range of applications, including whole genome sequencing, microbiome analysis, and transcriptome analysis. 34,36,37,51 Underlying the rapid growth and increased acceptance of this technology is a continual advancement in the sequencing platform and basecalling algorithm, increased availability of protocols and bioinformatics tools for analysis, along with benchmarking studies conrming the robustness and reliability of performance. ...

16S rRNA gene sequence analyses and inter- and intrageneric relationships of Xanthomonas species and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
  • Citing Article
  • October 1997

FEMS Microbiology Letters

... The forward primer 5 0 -GAAACTGCGAATGGCTCATT-3 0 and reverse primer 5 0 -GACGGGCGGTGTGTACAAAGG-3 0 were used for PCR amplification of the 18S rRNA gene region (Winnepenninckx et al. 1994;Hadziavdic et al. 2014). Tks Gflex DNA polymerase (TaKaRa Bio, Shiga, Japan) was used for the PCR reaction in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. ...

Small ribosomal subunit RNA and the phylogeny of Mollusca

The Nautilus

... During the development of the European Database on small ribosomal RNA and its variability maps [9], a new numbering system was established, and the nine variable regions (V1-V9) were re-numbered according to the position of the helices ( Figure 1). Moreover, this new nomenclature highlighted that one variable region was missing in prokaryotes (V4) and another in eukaryotes (V6) [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. ...

Compilation of small subunit RNA sequences

Nucleic Acids Research

... However, this contamination could be valuable on its own and possibly contain information on the presence of leaf endophytes. In fact, previous studies that used a DNA sequencing approach to detect leaf endophytes in Rubiaceae (e.g., Van Oevelen et al., 2001;Lemaire et al., 2011b;Verstraete et al., 2013a) also extracted total DNA but then eliminated the plant DNA by targeting bacterial DNA. ...

The Taxonomic Value of Bacterial Symbiont Identification in African Psychotria (Rubiaceae)

Systematics and Geography of Plants

... Ç Ì ‡ÒÚÓfl˘Â ‚ÂÏfl ‚ ÒÓÒÚ ‡‚ ˝ÛÍ ‡ËÓÚÓ‚ ËÁ‚Â-ÒÚÌÓ ·ÓΠ80 Ó·ÓÒÓ·ÎÂÌÌ˚ı "ÛÔÔ Ó" ‡ÌËÁÏÓ‚, Á ‡-ÒÎÛÊË‚ ‡˛˘Ëı ‚˚ÒÓÍÓ"Ó Ú ‡ÍÒÓÌÓÏ˘ÂÒÍÓ"Ó  ‡Ì" ‡ -ÓÚ ˆ ‡ÒÚ‚ ‡ Ë ‚˚¯Â ‡-ÚÓ‚, 1973;Walters, Erdmann, 1988;Margulis, Gurrero, 1991;Schliegel, 1991;Van de Peer, 1992;äÛÒ ‡ÍËÌ, ÑÓÁ‰Ó‚, 1994Lipscomb et al., 1998. èË  ‡ÒÒÏÓÚÂÌËË Ì ‡Á‚ ‡ÌÌ˚ı "ÛÔÔ Ï˚ Ì ÓÒ-Ú ‡Ì ‡‚ÎË‚ ‡ÂÏÒfl ÔÓ‰Ó·ÌÓ Ì ‡ Ë ‚ÌÛÚÂÌÌÂÈ ÒËÒÚÂ-Ï ‡ÚËÍÂ, Ó" ‡Ì˘˂ ‡flÒ¸ Î˯¸ ÔÂ˜ËÒÎÂÌËÂÏ Ú ‡Í-ÒÓÌÓ‚, ‚ıÓ‰fl˘Ëı Ëı ‚ ÒÓÒÚ ‡‚. ...

Ribosomal RNA as a tool for studying evolution
  • Citing Article
  • January 1992

Belgian Journal of Botany