Runjati Runjati’s research while affiliated with Poltekkes Kemenkes Malang and other places

Malnutrition poses a global challenge. Potentially threatening the quality of future generations. Direct and indirect factors influence children’s nutrition. Prevalence of malnutrition in Indonesia has increased to 7,7%, despite government efforts. Providing supplementary foods such as mackerel and peanut sausage is one potential solution to increase nutrient intake and impact children's weight. This study aims to analyze the effects of the formulation of mackerel (Rastrelliger Kanagurta) and peanut (Arachis Hypogaea L.) sausage on weight gain in malnutrition toddlers. The research method used true experiment with a pretest-posttest with control group design. The sample size consisted of 38 respondents divided into two groups: the intervention group received mackerel and peanut sausage formulation for 14 days, while the control group received MT biscuits as standard care for 14 days. The sampling technique used simple random sampling. Data analysis using Wilcoxon test and Mann Whitney test. The results showed that giving the formulation of mackerel and peanut sausage had a significant effect on weight gain in malnutrition toddlers. The mean difference in weight gain was 0.453 kg for the intervention group and 0.142 kg for the control group (p=0.002). It can be concluded that giving the formulation of mackerel and peanut sausage formulation significantly increases weight gain in malnutrition toddlers. Keywords: Malnutrition, Sausage, Mackerel, Peanut, Weight ABSTRAK Malnutrisi menjadi tantangan global yang berpotensi mengancam kualitas generasi mendatang. Faktor langsung dan tidak langsung memengaruhi gizi anak. Prevalensi gizi kurang di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan mencapai 7,7%, meskipun telah dilakukan upaya pemerintah. Pemberian makanan tambahan seperti sosis ikan kembung dan kacang tanah menjadi salah satu solusi potensial untuk meningkatkan asupan gizi yang berdampak pada berat badan anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh formulasi sosis ikan kembung (Rastrelliger Kanagurta) dan kacang tanah (Arachis Hypogaea L.) terhadap berat badan pada batita gizi kurang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah true experiment dengan rancangan pretest-posttest with control group design. Jumlah sampel penelitian 38 responden dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok intervensi diberikan formulasi sosis ikan kembung dan kacang tanah selama 14 hari, sedangkan kelompok kontrol diberikan biskuit MT balita sebagai asuhan standar selama 14 hari. Teknik sampling menggunakan simple random sampling. Analisis data menggunakan Wilcoxon test dan Mann Whitney test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian formulasi sosis ikan kembung dan kacang tanah berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap berat badan pada batita gizi kurang. Selisih rata-rata berat badan kelompok intervensi 0,453 kg dan kelompok kontrol 0,142 kg (p=0,002). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian formulasi sosis ikan kembung dan kacang tanah memberikan hasil yang signifikan dalam peningkatan berat badan pada batita gizi kurang. Kata Kunci: Gizi Kurang, Sosis, Ikan Kembung, Kacang Tanah, BB

Background: Women are more prone to stress during pregnancy than during the postpartum period. Stress during pregnancy is correlated with pregnancy and birth outcomes. Early detection using the e-health system is an alternative to health services during the pandemic. Aims: The research objective was to produce innovation in early stress detection using an information system based on the e-Health system. Methods: This study was conducted in the Ngaliyan Primary Healthcare Centre with 34 pregnant women. This study utilized both qualitative and quantitative research. Qualitative research used the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC), while quantitative research used an experimental design with a one-shot case study approach. Results: The e-Health system could automatically identify stress during pregnancy, with the TAM questionnaire yielding a very effective result of 85.4%. The average time needed to detect pregnant women’s stress was 230.94 seconds. This system can analyze 374 pregnant women within one day (24 hours), provide services, and report pregnant women’s stress detection results. Conclusions: The e-Health system effectively conserves time and can be used to record and report early stress in pregnant women. Keywords: early detection, information system, pregnancy, smartphone, stress

Background: Untreated pregnancy anxiety can have a significant impact on the pregnancy and postpartum outcomes. Causing mental disorders during pregnancy has an increased risk and adverse effects on the mother and fetus. Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) can increase awareness about the function of thought patterns in daily activities and is able to control awareness of thoughts, feelings and body gestures that can affect anxiety levels and cortisol hormones in the body. This study aimed to examine the effect MBCT to reduce anxiety in 3rd trimester of pregnant women. Subjects and Method: This was a randomized controlled trial. A sample of 20 pregnant women divided into two groups. Intervention group was MBCT with 8 sessions for 30 minutes each session within a period of 2 weeks. The control group was health education and usual care. The dependent variable was anxiety. The independent variable was MBCT. Anxiet was measured using HARS questionnaires. Difference of anxiety between groups were tested using independent t-test. Results: Mean of anxiety score in the MBCT group (Mean= 16.40; SD= 4.01) was lower than in the control group (Mean= 23.60; SD= 7.37), and it was statistically significant (p = 0.015). Conclusion: MBCT is effective to reduce anxiety in 3rd trimester of pregnant women. Keywords: Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy, pregnancy, anxiety. Correspondence: Sundari. Master’s Program of Applied Midwifery, Health Polytechnics, Ministry of Health Semarang. Jl. Tirto Agung, Pedalangan, Banyumanik, Semarang, Central Java 50268. Email: sundarisst3@­gmail.com. Mobile: 0821-7591-9584.

Background: The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been designated by WHO as a pandemic, causing health services to be significantly disrupted and delayed globally, especially the implementation of the antenatal class. The participation of pregnant women in antenatal classes in Semarang City is only around 25% of the total number of the public health center in the Semarang city area during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021. There is need a for media innovation in the antenatal class during the pandemic so that antenatal class can still be carried out safely during the COVID-19 pandemic.Purpose: To produce an antenatal class application that can facilitate pregnant women to attend antenatal classes virtually during the COVID-19 pandemic and test the implementation effect of the application on the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of pregnant women. Methods: This study uses the Research and Development (R&D) method, divided into five stages (Data Collection, Product Design, Design Validation, Design Revision, and Product Trial).Results: An application has been created named PiCCa (Pregnancy Class Center); the test result is feasible to use with a result of 82% and can be used as antenatal class media with a result of 4.32 (p=0.000). The implementation of the PiCCa application can increase knowledge from 12.8 to 18.13 (p=0.000), attitude from 65.36 to 92.3 (p=0.000), and behavior of pregnant women from 19.53 to 32.2 (p=0.000).Conclusion: The PiCCa application is feasible and can be used as an online media for antenatal classes during the COVID-19 pandemic, and its application has a significant effect on increasing the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of pregnant women.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has become a new stressor with significant pregnancy consequences, limiting access to health services. Mindfulness-Based Art Therapy (MBAT) has been proven to intervene in the body-mind-soul and improve mental health problems. However, no research has developed it into a form of artificial intelligence for use by pregnant women in supporting the current situation of access to health services.Purpose: This study aims to produce a system of MBAT based on artificial intelligence for early detection and to prove the effectiveness of improving mental health in pregnant women.Methods: This study employed Research & Development consisting of 4 stages, namely Literature Study, Development Stage, Validity Expert, and Trial.Results: The MBAT application has five features, from mental health information to history. The validity score of the application system is 87.33%. The trial results showed that the application effectively reduces stress levels by 91.26% and anxiety by 90.24%. Also, the application can predict the percentage reduction in stress and anxiety levels correctly and without errors using the decision tree.Conclusion: This application is helpful for pregnant women and health workers in detecting stress and anxiety levels early in pregnancy and improving mental health.

Coping efforts during pregnancy are significant in influencing better pregnancy and birth outcomes. This study aimed to prove the influence of smart mother classes (SMC) on stress, childbirth self-efficacy (CBSE), and birth outcomes. This research used an experimental design, pre and post-test control group design. The population was all pregnant women at 28-35 weeks of pregnancy in Semarang City, Indonesia. The sample was chosen by cluster random sampling, where 35 health centers in 12 regions were randomized as six regions (n=60) as intervention group (antenatal class and coping skill as smart mother classes) while the other six regions (n=60) as the control group (antenatal class only). Each region runs one class with 10 pregnant women. The groups were treated four times in four weeks. The measurement was before the treatment, fourth week, and at birth. This study used repeated-measures ANOVA. The results showed that the SMC was influenced significantly in reducing stress (p=0.012), and increasing CBSE but not statistically significant (p>0.05). The SMC also had a significant impact on the outcomes of birth (p<0.05), except the time of the first stage of labor (p>0.05). The study suggested a need for the provision of continuity and holistic midwifery care.

Background: Preeclampsia in pregnancy is one of the dominant causes of maternal death in the world and will be seven times higher in developing countries. Anxiety is more common in pregnant women with preeclampsia than normal pregnant women and will aggravate that condition. Hypnotherapy can reduce anxiety and blood pressure, but not all pregnant women are easily suggested and show resistance to hypnotherapy. Objective: This study aims to prove the effect of hypnopressure on anxiety in pregnant women with preeclampsia. Methods: This study used queasy-experimental with pretest-postest design on two groups of study. Hypnopressure was a stimulation technique at yintang, neiguan and baihui points during hypnotherapy. It was applied one hour weekly for three weeks in intervention group, while the control group received integrated ANC as standard care and anti-hypertension. A consecutive sampling was conducted for 40 pregnant women with preeclampsia and divided into two groups or 20 women for each group. Instruments used to measure anxiety applied Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (ZSAS). Data analysis used paired and independent t-test. Results: After the intervention of hypnopressure, anxiety score decreased significantly from 44.90 to 33.75 with p-value <0.001. In the control group, anxiety score was reduced form 45.65 to 42.70 with p-value <0.001. Hypnopressure could reduce anxiety score greater than control group. Conclusion: Hypnopressure has the effect of reducing anxiety levels in pregnant women with preeclampsia.

In 2017 there were 48,300 HIV cases in Indonesia and 9,280 AIDS cases. The cumulative AIDS cases in 1987-2017 were 102,667 cases, with the number of AIDS infections in housewives reaching 14,721 cases. The development of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Indonesia since 2000 has continued to increase. Responding to these problems, it is necessary to prevent HIV/AIDS. The purpose of this study was to find out what factors were related to HIV/AIDS prevention behavior in Jatijajar Village, the working area of the Bergas Health Center, Semarang Regency in 2019. This is a quantitative research with correlational design. Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling is applied. Chi-square test shows there are relationships between the variables of education level (p-value 0.006), knowledge (p-value 0.027), attitude (p-value 0.007), and husband's support (p-value 0.006) with HIV/AIDS prevention behavior. There is no relationship between age (p-value 0.616) and husband's occupation (p-value 0.161) with HIV/AIDS prevention behavior among housewives in Jatijajar Village in 2019. There are relationships between education level, knowledge, attitude, and husband's support with HIV/AIDS prevention behavior in housewives. The variables most related to the HIV/AIDS prevention behavior variable were the level of education and husband's support. Knowledge of housewives about HIV/AIDS prevention needs to be increased, one of which is through socialization by health centers and other institutions related to HIV/AIDS to create healthy housewives.

Anxiety in pregnant and postpartum women can affect the condition of the mother and baby. Psychological stress can influence the hypothalamus and pituitary gland to secrete Adrenocorticotropic Hormone to produce cortisol. The amount of cortisol is high, resulting in inhibited milk production. Relaxation therapy is able to stimulate the milk ejection reflex more efficiently than standard practice in health care facilities which only focus on optimizing body functions, without involving the mind and soul. This review conducted a systematic review to evaluate the effect of interventions using Relaxation Therapy in increasing breast milk production. A literature search was conducted using the PRISMA guidelines including studies of relaxation therapy interventions during the pregnancy and postpartum period. Using a literature keyword search strategy, 718 studies related to relaxation therapy in pregnant and postpartum women were found and 25 studies were eligible for inclusion in the analysis. A total of 10 studies on anxiety in pregnant women, 5 studies on anxiety in postpartum mothers, 3 studies on cortisol hormone levels, 5 studies on breast milk production and 2 studies on prolactin hormone levels. These studies were conducted in Malaysia, France, England, Greece, Korea, Turkey, America, Taiwan, Iran, Indonesia, Spain, Denmark and India. The samples analyzed were 1,608 pregnant women and 1227 postpartum women. Based on the results of a review, Relaxation Therapy in the form of Hypnobreastfeeding and Music Therapy is effective in stimulating the production of breast milk and prolactin hormones in postpartum mothers. Hypnosis, Music Therapy and Benson's relaxation technique were associated with a significant reduction in anxiety levels as indicated by an increase in PSS scores and a decrease in salivary cortisol.

Anxiety in pregnant and postpartum women can affect the condition of the mother and baby. Psychological stress can influence the hypothalamus and pituitary gland to secrete Adrenocorticotropic Hormone to produce cortisol. The amount of cortisol is high, resulting in inhibited milk production. Relaxation therapy is able to stimulate the milk ejection reflex more efficiently than standard practice in health care facilities which only focus on optimizing body functions, without involving the mind and soul. This review conducted a systematic review to evaluate the effect of interventions using Relaxation Therapy in increasing breast milk production. A literature search was conducted using the PRISMA guidelines including studies of relaxation therapy interventions during the pregnancy and postpartum period. Using a literature keyword search strategy, 718 studies related to relaxation therapy in pregnant and postpartum women were found and 25 studies were eligible for inclusion in the analysis. A total of 10 studies on anxiety in pregnant women, 5 studies on anxiety in postpartum mothers, 3 studies on cortisol hormone levels, 5 studies on breast milk production and 2 studies on prolactin hormone levels. These studies were conducted in Malaysia, France, England, Greece, Korea, Turkey, America, Taiwan, Iran, Indonesia, Spain, Denmark and India. The samples analyzed were 1,608 pregnant women and 1227 postpartum women. Based on the results of a review, Relaxation Therapy in the form of Hypnobreastfeeding and Music Therapy is effective in stimulating the production of breast milk and prolactin hormones in postpartum mothers. Hypnosis, Music Therapy and Benson's relaxation technique were associated with a significant reduction in anxiety levels as indicated by an increase in PSS scores and a decrease in salivary cortisol.