Roger Tanoh's scientific contributions
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Publications (10)
Sustainability issues are urgent in cocoa production in Côte d’Ivoire. The cocoa sector continues to face deeply embedded, interrelated challenges around productivity; low income and working conditions; scaling up grouping and service delivery to farmers; negative environmental impacts; and a tight supply and demand relationship with recession and...
Which factors can explain the expected diversity of the impact of fertilizer use on farm production ?
Data obtained from 140 farms from various locations around Côte d’Ivoire. Since November 2013, two sets of data have been collected from each farm, one pertaining to 20 trees that were given fertilizer and the other pertaining to another group of...
After decades of deforestation and cultivation, cocoa smallholders and most other stakeholders in the cocoa value chain acknowledge the need for fertilization on cocoa farms. Mineral fertilizers are not the only option but certainly have a major role to play. But which type? Which formula? According to diagnoses by soil scientists, most cocoa farms...
This analysis has been undertaken on the basis of data obtained from 140 farms from various locations around Côte d’Ivoire. Since November 2013, two sets of data have been collected from each farm, one pertaining to 20 trees that were given fertilizer and the other pertaining to another group of 20 trees that were not fertilized on the same farm. S...
In Côte d’Ivoire, after almost a century of cocoa cultivation and dependency upon forests, most farmers know that they need to fertilize their trees and soils. The government and the chocolate industry are also increasingly becoming aware of this necessity. It is in this context that the fertilizer initiative project has been launched. It includes...
Côte d’Ivoire has been the world’s largest cocoa exporter since the 1980s. The cocoa sector faces
a number of challenges such as low productivity and smallholder farmer incomes, poor working
conditions, complex labour issues and environmental challenges such as deforestation and climate
change.
The Sustainable Trade Initiative (IDH) aims to acceler...
Since 2008 UTZ Certified has implemented a programme in Ivory Coast to enhance sustainability in the cocoa supply chain through the implementation of the UTZ Code of Conduct. The programme has supported farmers who are members of the cooperatives receive training on farm management and organisational capacity building, and become certified. Startin...
In 2014, in Côte d’Ivoire, can we define a ‘type’ of cocoa farmer who would be more likely than others to buy fertilizer?
In order to answer this question, we explore preliminary data collected through two permanent samples of cocoa farms, one which was started in 1999 with some 350 farms, precisely as a tool for a ‘West-African cocoa watch’ and a...
English
In the 1980s, cocoa accounted for 95% of the income of cocoa farmers in Côte d’Ivoire. In a context of stable procurement prices and ample forests available to expand cocoa cultivation, this specialization made perfect sense from the perspective of smallholders.
In the 2000s, the context changed completely. To begin with, liberalization bro...
Citations
... Pour ce qui est d'Utz et de Rainforest Alliance, le mécanisme d'amélioration des revenus des producteurs est fondé sur les mécanismes de marché via le respect de bonnes pratiques visant l'augmentation de la qualité et des rendements. Une étude récente sur la certification Utz en Côte d'Ivoire conclut que les coopératives fonctionnent bien, rendent des services aux producteurs, lesquels expriment une satisfaction croissante (Ingram et al., 2018). Cependant, d'autres études montrent que de nombreux planteurs de cacao n'ont même pas conscience d'être « certifiés » (Ingram, 2014 ;Uribe Leitz et Ruf, 2015, à paraître) et d'autres expériences de terrain en Côte d'Ivoire amènent à plus de prudence et à des constats différents. ...
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... Concentration of cocoa trading among a few large players gives these traders considerable market power over scattered smallholder farmers (Gayi & Tsowou, 2017), where farmers receive only 4%-6% of the final consumer price (Abdulsamad et al., 2015). Cocoa production has been associated with child labour (Gockowski et al., 2006;Ingram, van Rijn, Waarts, Dekkers, et al., 2018). In response to this violation of international human rights agreements (rules and regulations), certification schemes such as Fair- ...
... The impact of this first 0-15-15 fertilizer has been studied in depth, with mixed results (Ruf et al., 2016). During the first year, from October 2013 to September 2014, the impact on cocoa yields, as measured by the difference in the number of pods between the two quadrates, was statistically significant but at a very low level: a small gain, estimated at around 100 kg per ha, but with a huge variance. ...
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... Our results can be used to inform policies and practices to sustainably improve yields and income, thus reducing deforestation. The estimates could tell us which investments produce the highest marginal benefits: for example, improving education, access to financing or to extension services, or fostering the formation of farmer groups (Ingram et al., 2014). ...
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... In this context, this chapter supplements and continues existing studies on the impacts of certification at the farm level (Ingram et al., 2014;KPMG, 2012). The chapter starts by giving a short overview on the certification schemes of interest in Sect. ...
