Robert L. Goldstone's research while affiliated with Indiana University East and other places
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Publications (14)
A new wave of proposals suggests that scientists must reassess scientific concepts in light of accumulated evidence. However, reengineering scientific concepts in light of data is challenging because scientific concepts affect the evidence itself in multiple ways. Among other possible influences, concepts (i) prime scientists to overemphasize withi...
The division of linguistic labour (DLL), initially theorized by philosophers, has gained the attention of cognitive scientists in the last decade. Contrary to some controversial philosophical accounts of DLL, we propose that it is an extended mind strategy of offloading conceptual understanding onto other people. In this article, we empirically exp...
Cognitive science has been traditionally organized around the individual as the basic unit of cognition. Despite developments in areas such as communication, human–machine interaction, group behavior, and community organization, the individual‐centric approach heavily dominates both cognitive research and its application. A promising direction for...
One major way that people engage in adaptive problem solving is by imitating others’ solutions. Prominent simulation models have found imperfect imitation advantageous, but the interactions between copying amount and other prevalent aspects of social learning strategies have been underexplored. Here, we explore the consequences for a group when its...
Broad empirical evidence suggests that higher-level cognitive processes, such as language, categorization, and emotion, shape human visual perception. Do these higher-level processes shape human perception of all the relevant items within an immediately available scene, or do they affect only some of them? Here, we study categorical effects on visu...
Humans have a remarkable capacity for coordination. Our ability to interact and act jointly in groups is crucial to our success as a species. Joint Action (JA) research has often concerned itself with simplistic behaviors in highly constrained laboratory tasks. But there has been a growing interest in understanding complex coordination in more open...
Our lives are being measured in rapidly increasing ways and frequency. These measurements have beneficial and deleterious effects at both individual and social levels. Behavioral measurement technologies offer the promise of helping us to know ourselves better and to improve our well-being by using personalized feedback and gamification. At the sam...
We develop a conceptual framework for studying collective adaptation: the process of iterative co-adaptation of cognitive strategies, social environments, and problem structures. Going beyond searching for “intelligent” collectives, we integrate research from different disciplines to show how collective adaptation perspective can help explain why s...
How do people use information from others to solve complex problems? Prior work has addressed this question by placing people in social learning situations where the problems they were asked to solve required varying degrees of exploration. This past work uncovered important interactions between groups' connectivity and the problem's complexity: th...
In this experiment we created the conditions for the emergence of a division in a cognitive task, mediated by language, instantiated in an image classification task. Participants received points for correctly labeling dogs. Accurate labeling required participants to draw distinctions between two pairs of highly confusable pairs of breeds: Norwich v...
We explore different ways in which the human visual system can adapt for perceiving and categorizing the environment. There are various accounts of supervised (categorical) and unsupervised perceptual learning, and different perspectives on the functional relationship between perception and categorization. We suggest that common experimental design...
The task is a two-player game in which players interact with 64 tiles arranged in an 8x8 grid. The grid can either hide a unicorn beneath one of the tiles or else it can be absent from the grid. Either event can occur with equal probability. At the beginning of each round, the computer chooses whether or not there is a unicorn, and if there is one,...
Humans have a remarkable capacity for coordination. Our ability to interact and act jointly in groups is crucial to our success as a species. Joint Action (JA) research has often concerned itself with simplistic behaviors in highly constrained laboratory tasks. But there has been a growing interest in understanding complex coordination in more open...
Joint action (JA) is ubiquitous in our cognitive lives. From basketball teams to teams of surgeons, humans often coordinate with one another to achieve some common goal. Idealized laboratory studies of group behavior have begun to elucidate basic JA mechanisms, but little is understood about how these mechanisms scale up in more sophisticated and o...
Citations
... All humans, including research scientists, operate within the domain and influence of perceptional reality, from goals to methods to evaluation of results. [23] Art represents a visible expression of individual's perceptional reality, a cognitive function conveyed in visible form, across spectrum of living entities, including some animals. All children discover art, first with a line or a circle, then something closer to the actuality their senses capture; the gradual intricacy of pictures parallels the complexity of evolving perceptional reality, happiness, fear, uncertainty, distortion, etc.. Figure 11a,b [24] The evolution of perceptional reality through years of life can often be traced, through the changing art forms, from one of 'younger years' to another in 'older years', sometimes ending in stark contrast in time perspective. ...
... While our theme issue focuses on the investigation of concepts and categorization through the lens of social interaction, it also has implications in other areas, for example, for research on metacognition [3,9,61,62], and theoretical perspectives such as ecological psychology and extended cognition [5,63,64]. ...
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... Given dAI limitations, alternatives are needed to manage the complexities of embodied interactions while still offering time-sensitive, human-centered interpretations and accountable decision-making. The emergence of augmented intelligence systems (AISs; Dubova et al., 2022) in areas such as healthcare with high-levels of personal interactions (Crigger et al., 2022) and need for trust ([HLEG-AI] High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence, 2019) offer promising avenues for education. One exemplar is detector-driven interviewing (DDI) methods. ...
... In this context, the intention is not to predict the future, but to be able to be more adaptive and responsive to the futures that might take place. This approach is consistent with a substantial body of evidence on the importance of diversity to the more general task of effective problem solving, as referred to recently in Campbell, et al (2022). ...
... In empirical (Setzler & Goldstone, 2020) and computational (Setzler & Goldstone, 2022) analyses of improvising jazz musicians, simultaneously interacting musicians tended to play notes that harmonically complement their partners' notes, compared to cases when one player lays down their musical track on top of a pre-existing track provided by another musician. Even if there is a prepotent tendency to synchronize actions, as some models predict, the need for complementarity in such environments may sometimes be in tension with this tendency, requiring effortful inhibition. ...
... For example, increased polarization of opinions can give rise to fragmentation of social networks and reduced social trust, which in turn creates problems related to managing common resources such as climate [250] and solving collective problems such as pandemics [251]. Social environments and problem structures also interact with and shape the effectiveness of integration strategies [252]. To decide which strategy to use in different social and problem contexts, individuals and groups use metacognitive cues about their own and others' past and likely future performance [247,253]. ...
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... For example the patterns between musicians' brain activity when performing cooperatively or not, as it has been reported that such actions create differences in their peripersonal space, 37 and in the rhythmical alignment of the overall performance. 38 This process of improvised production can be perceived as a creative act of communication: one that is complex, nuanced, and technical, integrating simultaneous cognitive processes together in real time. Musical improvisation involves complex but rapid interactions of several components, including the generation and evaluation of melodic, harmonic, and rhythmic pattern ideas on a fast time-scale within a performance. ...
