Robert Jean LeBlanc’s research while affiliated with University of Lethbridge and other places

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Publications (22)


The Platformization of Writing Instruction: Considering Educational Equity in New Learning Ecologies
  • Article
  • Full-text available

May 2024

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74 Reads

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4 Citations

Review of Research in Education

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T. Philip Nichols

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This chapter provides a systematic review of research published between 2006 and 2022 on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) platforms in writing instruction. We theorize writing and platforms as complex ecologies, investigating the interplay of their relations and implications for educational equity. Our findings suggested three functional categories of AI platforms in writing instruction (assistive, assessment, and authentication) and a focus on the technical dimensions of platforms and their intersections with the cognitive dimensions of writing. Finally, we found a focus on equity notably absent from our corpus. Taken together, these findings suggest an agenda for equity-oriented research and pedagogy that confronts aspects of platform and writing environments that have, to date, been omitted from the empirical record.

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Figura 1: Mapa de The Platform Society Fonte: Van Dijck, Poell e De Wall (2018). Usado com permissão (direitos autorais de Oxford University Press).
Figura 2: Mapa de infraestruturas que animam as práticas de composição multimodal Fonte: Nichols e Johnston (2020). Usado com permissão (direitos autorais, os Autores).
Media education and the limits of “literacy”: Ecological orientations to performative platforms

December 2023

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35 Reads

Comunicação & Educação

Recently, talk of “fake news” – and its relation to wider epistemic crises, from climate denialism to the creep of global ethnonationalism – has renewed attention to media literacy in education. For some, revived discussions of media literacy offer protection (e.g., strategies for identifying and critiquing media bias and misinformation). For others, they offer empowerment (e.g. equipping youth to produce media messages that challenge misinformation or represent marginalized perspectives). In this article, we consider how such approaches, while often generative, retain a focus of media pedagogy that centers the actions of individual humans – namely, “literacies”, or practices associated with the interpretation or creation of media texts.


Reading Rhetorically: Discussing the Ethics of Narrative Form

November 2023

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20 Reads

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1 Citation

Journal of Literacy Research

In this study, we explore discussions of literature in a high school English Language Arts (ELA) classroom, examining how students read rhetorically. Reading rhetorically considers the ethical effects of narrative content as it is mediated through character dialogue and action, narrator discourse, and the author's organization: a narrative as a story told to someone for some rhetorical purpose. Drawing from rhetorical narratology, we analyzed data collected in a 12th-Grade ELA classroom during student-driven Socratic seminars to ask: how did students address the ethics of various narrative situations as they talked about literature? We found that youth engaged in interpretive discussions that grappled with the complexities of ethical positioning in narrative. We argue that ELA classrooms are key spaces to help students examine how narratives act on readers, how readers act on narratives, and the ethical dimensions of such interpretive work.



Masking directions: teacher instructions and COVID-19 protocols

September 2023

Text & Talk - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Language Discourse Communication Studies

The arrival of COVID-19 disrupted the everyday life of the classroom. This interactional sociolinguistic research explores a teacher providing directions to students about COVID-19 safety protocols, delivered on the first three days of the students’ return to the classroom in August 2020 after a multi-month hiatus. Using audio-data collected over multiple hours as part of an ongoing long-term study of classroom interaction in a rural Canadian high school, it examines teacher strategies for delivering directives regarding COVID-19 safety policy, with particular attention to linguistic forms aimed at student compliance during the fraught early days of return. The findings outline strategies of delivering unambiguous directives regarding relatively mundane procedures, as well as strategies of avoidance—indirections—which were framed as negotiation and revoicing. This study explores the tenuous balance of risk and the everyday in the classroom, where the teacher attempts to reset the interactional order in light of new restrictions, new requirements, and new threats.




Being a ‘fun’ teacher: An interaction ritual chains approach

January 2022

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61 Reads

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4 Citations

Journal of Curriculum and Pedagogy

In this article, I leverage the sociological insights of Randall Collins to examine contemporary accounts of “fun teaching” in teacher education: the pervasive mood of “fun,” “energy,” and “enthusiasm” in North American education faculties and popular teacher professional development literature. Focusing on Collins’ micro-sociological account of emotional energy in face-to-face interaction, I ask: What are the situational dynamics of “fun” teaching? Why have the related discourses of “fun,” “energy,” and “enthusiasm” become the obligatory mood of teaching and teacher education? As a starting point, I examine the highly-trafficked teacher professional development resource, “Teach like a PIRATE” (Burgess, 2012 Burgess, D. (2012). Teach like a PIRATE: Increase student engagement, boost creativity, and transform your life as an educator. Dave Burgess Consulting. [Google Scholar]), and consider how an interaction ritual chains approach helps us understand underlying conceptions of “fun” as a situational dynamic. I conclude by outlining the implications of our current focus on “fun teaching” in a digitally-mediated world for scholars working in teacher education.


Doing voices: Stylization, literary interpretation, and indexical valence

August 2021

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25 Reads

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4 Citations

Linguistics and Education

This article examines teachers and students styling the voices of literary characters during whole-class talk. Drawing on data from a diverse 12th Grade ELA class in a rural Canadian school and a multi-week unit exploring the play A Streetcar Named Desire, it focuses on the use of stylized speech to index literary features such as character, time, and location: students and their teacher interpreting, hearing, and doing stylized character voices during oral reading and discussion. In particular, this article outlines both the potential indexical valence of teacher literary stylizations—with attention to stereotypical construals of the ‘Southern’ register and associated character models—and students’ divergent uptake and understanding of those stylizations with reference to their emergent literary understanding. This article argues that more attention is needed to literary character stylization as an everyday practice in classrooms.



Citations (14)


... , and the rise of digital platform governance of education systems (Gulson and Witzenberger, 2022;Nichols and Dixon-Rom an, 2024). These work in tandem with the growing presence of automated writing tutor and assessment systems that position technology as a surefire solution to educational issues, thereby drawing attention away from the cultural and social practices that shape learning (Robinson, 2023;Stornaiuolo et al., 2024). ...

Reference:

Guest editorial: Artificial intelligence and composing just education futures
The Platformization of Writing Instruction: Considering Educational Equity in New Learning Ecologies

Review of Research in Education

... Extensive research has been conducted on the relationship between teachers and students, concluding that teachers should be emotionally competent and offer sympathetic treatment to students to help them feel respected in the classroom (Brackett, 2019;García-Moya et al., 2020). They should also create motivating learning situations that can promote positive feelings toward learning (LeBlanc, 2022). In the meta-analysis study by Wang et al. (2020), it is evident that classroom climate has a positive relationship with social competencies, motivation, engagement, and academic performance while damaging relationships with socioemotional distress and antisocial behaviors. ...

Being a ‘fun’ teacher: An interaction ritual chains approach
  • Citing Article
  • January 2022

Journal of Curriculum and Pedagogy

... In the translation part, the extraordinarily rich collection of poems is Polyfónia II (Polyphony II, 1986). It also included translations into Slovak (15) and Hungarian (21), resp. translations of Slovak poems by authors from the Lowland into Hungarian (18). ...

Doing voices: Stylization, literary interpretation, and indexical valence
  • Citing Article
  • August 2021

Linguistics and Education

... AI is an umbrella term that encompasses several categories including natural language processors (e.g. predictive text; TextHelp, 2024), machine learning (i.e., Turnitin's Revision Assistant; Nichols et al., 2021), adaptive learning platforms (e.g. Achieve 3000; Murphy, 2019) and generative pre-trained transformers (e.g. ...

Writing Machines: Formative Assessment in the Age of Big Data
  • Citing Article
  • May 2021

Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy

... But also, social media platforms are part of the assemblage of machine learning systems and, vice versa, a machine learning system is part of the assemblage of the platformized web spurred by social media. Assemblages are characterized by performativity (Nichols & LeBlanc, 2021). They are always in motion, disposing new relations at different scales: i.e. a social media interface needs to be put in motion by a user who, by doing this, is simultaneously put in relation to the interface, to other users, to the material infrastructure of the internet, to the technological corporation running the platform, and to the cultural landscape that makes social media usage meaningful and desirable in the first place. ...

Media education and the limits of “literacy”: Ecological orientations to performative platforms

Curriculum Inquiry

... Así, los artículos en español hacen referencia, en su mayoría, a realidades latinoamericanas y los que están en inglés abordan espacios, en su mayoría, angloparlantes. Para la clasificación de los textos se consideró su predominancia temática, epistemológica y metodológica; sin embargo, no se pueden considerar categorías exclusivas, sino que los textos tienen elementos que cruzan varias de ellas.Análisis e interpretaciónEl enfoque metodológico que prevalece entre los artículos revisados es el cualitativo, en el que se incluyen también estudios de caso(LeBlanc, 2021;Lewkowich, 2019). Dentro de esta categoría, el escenario se diversifica y se observan análisis de corte argumental y crítico (Abdul-Jabbar, 2015), análisis de contenido y descripción de experiencias pedagógicas de corte crítico o sociocultural(Dallacqua & Sheahan, 2020;Steiss, 2020), a partir de entrevistas o grupos focales(Hanratty, 2013). ...

“I've got to do this in a Southern”: Stylized spoken literary quotation in the ELA classroom

Literacy

... A multitude of factors associated with learning with and through videogames has led scholars to question whether the learning associated with well-designed games is worth it. These include concerns about: algorithmic cultures (Ehret 2024), platform practices (Nichols and LeBlanc 2020), psychosocial surveillance and discipline through gamification techniques (Robinson 2021;Williamson 2017), gaming cultures (Golding and Van Deventer 2016), and fluid boundaries between intended and actual gameplay (Consalvo 2007). As Kline et al. (2003) remind us, videogames need to be considered in terms of the interconnectedness between technological experience, market transactions (including the consumption of digital commodities produced large by transnational corporations and media empires), and the active production and consumption of cultural meaning by players. ...

Beyond Apps: Digital Literacies in a Platform Society
  • Citing Article
  • July 2020

The Reading Teacher

... Writing is a core skill in academics, yet many students at the high school level do not write as frequently as expected, leaving them underprepared for writing tasks when they reach the university level (LeBlanc, 2021). High school students may lack sufficient time to learn how to criticize an idea, specify their stance on an argument, define a problem and propose a solution, or finesse their text into highquality prose. ...

Literary theory across genre chains: intertextual traces in reading/writing/talking literary theory in the high school classroom
  • Citing Article
  • February 2020

English in Education

... Ventriloquation As defined by Deborah Tannen (2010), ventriloquation (or ventriloquizing) is the process through which individuals "frame their utterances as others' voices" (2010:308). While existing work on ventriloquation primarily characterizes it as using the voice of others in their vicinity (Tannen 2010;LeBlanc 2018), this article seeks to describe the ventriloquation of an imagined third party or character while still accomplishing the discursive functions Tannen describes. She characterizes ventriloquation as borrowing the voice and therefore identity of another. ...

Pedagogic ventriloquation: Projected constructed direct reported speech in teacher talk
  • Citing Article
  • January 2019

Language & Communication

... Zare-ee and Hejaz made a study on seven EFL teacher and their 25 undergraduates involved in the English Literature and Translation Studies program at the University of Kashan based on the model of Initiation-Response-Feedback. By using the methodology of observation, the researchers aimed at examining what impacts teachers' gender and teaching experiences may make on the T-S interactions, and then it turns out that students prefer to interact more with the more experienced teacher and their interaction will not be influenced by teachers' gender (Zare-ee, 2019) [5]. Some studies have been concerned about the effect of students' gender on teacher-student interactions. ...

Managed confrontation and the managed heart: gendered teacher talk through reported speech
  • Citing Article
  • March 2018

Classroom Discourse