Remy Delagarde's research while affiliated with TIMAC Agro and other places
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Publications (154)
To ensure sustainable and efficient production, dairy farms must reduce their environmental impacts and nitrogen losses, which are sources of pollution, while increasing their feed self-sufficiency. Grass-based dairy systems, frequently combine fresh grass with maize silage when grass is scarce or during dietary transitions. However, the effects of...
Effects of corn silage supplementation on milk production of grazing dairy cows depend in part on the substitution rate between the 2 forages, which may be influenced by grazing management. The aim of this study was to compare 2 grazing management strategies for measuring substitution rate between herbage and corn silage, in interaction with grazin...
Often, the destruction of sown grasslands is linked to a decrease in productivity and/or a change in flora over time. These evolutions are rarely objectified and are the subject of two recent research-action projects in the Great West, in which observatories of young, well-established plots were monitored for 4 years (PERPeT project) and 5 years (P...
Planting fodder trees in grasslands increases vegetation diversity, reduces grassland vulnerability to climate change and provides additional fodder resource during periods of drought. However, the palatability of temperate fodder trees remains poorly studied. During 10 mornings in July 2021, we allowed 12 dairy cows to feed freely in a 4-year-old...
Trees could help to reduce livestock production vulnerability to climate change by providing a fodder resource during periods of drought. Fodder trees are commonly used in tropical and Mediterranean areas, but they remain poorly studied in temperate regions. Previous studies highlighted that leaves of some tree fodder species have nutritive values...
Un des enjeux de la filière caprine française est de mettre au point, promouvoir et accompagner le développement de systèmes de production plus durables. Cependant, malgré une forte utilisation del’herbe, principalement sous forme de foin, l’autonomie alimentaire des exploitations caprines françaises techniques pour répondre aux exigences sociétale...
Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the changes of backfat thickness (BFT) measurements throughout the lactation of cows in a grazing-based dairy farm in southern Brazil are reliably detected as changes in visual BCS.
Materials and Methods
Paired measurements of BCS and BFT were taken monthly throughout 12 mo in 152 Holstein co...
In temperate regions, tree leaves could be a source of energy, protein, vitamins and minerals for ruminants. Our objective was to study the diversity in chemical composition and digestibility of leaves on a panel of native woody species or potentially adapted to temperate regions. The leaves of 28 trees, 14 shrubs and 8 liana species were collected...
Diet and animal characteristics have a significant impact on the nitrogen (N)-use efficiency of dairy cows. A dataset (CowNflow) was built that compiles 28 N-balance experiments with Holstein dairy cows from 1983 to 2019, corresponding to 414 individual N flows, for a wide range of diets and animal characteristics. The dataset is composed of six Mi...
Few portable devices that record grazing time have been tested on goats. The Lifecorder Plus is a commercial device, based on a single-axis accelerometer, that calculates and stores in memory the average activity level (range: 0-9) every 2 min. Previous studies determined that activity levels greater than or equal to 0.5 were specific to grazing, w...
Miser sur le pâturage peut renforcer la durabilité des élevages caprins laitiers, mais les capacités d’adaptation des chèvres laitières hautes productrices à différentes pratiques de gestion du pâturage sur prairies temporaires sont mal connues. Cet article fait le point sur les travaux expérimentaux récents menées par INRAE en Bretagne et Nouvelle...
This study aimed to evaluate the feeding choice, dry matter (DM) intake, and milk production of dairy cows that strip grazed on a mixed perennial species pasture receiving different supplementation strategies. The treatments were without supplementation (WS) or with supplementation of either corn silage (CS) or a total mixed ration (TMR) based on C...
The aim was to determine the effect of the herbage allowance (HA) and supplement type (ST) on dry matter intake (DMI), milk production and composition, grazing behavior, rumen function, and blood metabolites of grazing dairy cows in the spring season. Experiment I: 64 Holstein Friesian dairy cows were distributed in a factorial design that tested t...
The inclusion of grazing in dairy feeding systems can improve animal welfare and reduce feed costs and labor for animal care and manure management. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of including pearl millet herbage (Pennisetum glaucum ‘Campeiro') as a supplement for dairy cows fed total mixed rations (TMR). The treatments included 100% TMR o...
L’étude a été réalisée sur 31 espèces d’arbre, 14 espèces d’arbuste et 7 espèces de liane, ainsi que sur 9 espèces herbacées prélevées au mois d’août des années 2014 à 2017 dans différentes régions de France. Les résultats montrent une diversité importante des valeurs nutritives des ligneux, avec des valeurs comparables à celles des fourrages herba...
Mesurer précisément l'ingestion individuelle journalière des animaux est essentiel à de nombreuses questions de recherches. Le challenge est plus difficile à relever pour des animaux élevés en groupe, et plus encore s'ils sont élevés à l'extérieur (parcours, pâturage). L'objectif de ce travail est de faire le bilan des méthodes existantes, de les h...
The ability of grazing dairy goats to adapt to short daily access time to pasture is not well known, while, in practice, access time to pasture (AT) is often lower than 12 h/d. A 3-week trial was carried out in spring with 36Alpine dairy goats in mid-lactation to study the effect of a restriction of access time to pasture, coupled or notwith a dehy...
The objective was to describe the diversity in the nutritive value of tree leaves and to test if the belonging of a species to a botanical family could be predictive of its fodder quality. The leaves of 50 woody species were analysed for enzymatic digestibility of dry matter, content in ash, crude protein, fibres (NDF, ADF and ADL), condensed tanni...
In this study we compared the nutritive value of pollard and high stem tree leaves across seasons in three species (common ash, white mulberry and paulownia). Leaves were collected on high stem and winter pollard trees grown on the same site. All samples were analysed for enzymatic digestibility of dry matter, dry matter, content in ash, crude prot...
Corn silage supplementation for dairy cows grazing in temperate annual pastures has rarely been investigated. The aim of this study is to compare two supplementation levels (0 and 4kg dry matter [DM]/day of a 7:1 mixture of corn silage and soybean meal) in dairy cows strip-grazing annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) at two pasture allowances...
Grazing management has an important impact on dairy ruminants’ performance. References on the intake and milk yield of dairy goats under strip-grazing systems in temperate regions are scarce. In order to study the effect of pasture allowance on pasture intake ( PI ), milk yield and grazing behaviour, a trial was carried out in spring with 36 Alpine...
In a context of price volatility and low feed self-sufficiency of goat farms in Western Europe, grazing may play an important role. Knowledge about the impact of grazing management - particularly daily access time to pasture or pasture allowance - on dairy goats' performance is scarce. Two 3-week trials were carried out in spring with 36 Alpine goa...
Residual feed intake, which is usually used to estimate individual variation of feed efficiency, requires frequent and accurate measurements of individual feed intake to be carried out. Developing a breeding scheme based on residual feed intake in dairy cows is therefore complicated, especially because feed intake is not measurable for a large popu...
High prices of milk have encouraged intensive dairying systems using high inputs of chemical fertilisers, indoor feeding with high amounts of concentrate and imported protein at the expense of grazing. Consequently grassland acreage decreased considerably over the last 30 years, and the European dairy systems have become highly dependent on importe...
Des outils électroniques ont été développés/adaptés et rendus opérationnels pour étudier de façon automatisée le comportement des animaux en Unités ou Installations Expérimentales. Leur validation repose sur la confrontation des résultats fournis par les outils à des analyses du comportement observé de visu ou analysé à partir d’enregistrements vid...
Partie 3 : Le rationnement des animaux
Partie 3 : Le rationnement des animaux
Partie 1 : Les apports alimentaires et en nutriments
Affiche scientifique présentée aux Journées de l’A.F.P.F., «Le pâturage au coeur des systèmes d’élevage de demain», les 21 et 22 mars 2017
Can forage systems exploit trees, shrubs, and lianas, particularly during summer grazing? This study discusses the approaches being used at the INRA center of Lusignan to combine agroforestry and dairy livestock farming. Researchers are examining different species, spatial organisation systems, and means of protecting herds, as well as exploring mu...
For estimating quality and intake of pasture herbage by grazing goats, estimation of herbage digestibility is often required. The aim of this work was to predict in vivo organic matter digestibility (OMD) of diets based on temperate pasture forage from faecal composition (CP mainly). A series of indoor experiments was carried out with goats fed on...
In this study, we describe HerbValo, which is both a calculation method and a tool that can be used on commercial farms to track the amount of pasture grazed annually in each paddock. At present, HerbValo can be used for dairy cow, suckling cow, or dairy goat operations. First, farmers record grazing or cutting events that take place in each paddoc...
The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in floristic composition of permanent grasslands after the cessation of their regular utilisation and organic fertilisation. A long-term small plot trial was established in 2004 in locality Rapotín. During 2004-2012, the experiment was fertilised with compost and slurry, both with the range of stocking...
Intervention présentée aux Journées de l'AFPF, "Le pâturage au coeur des systèmes d'élevage de demain", les 21 et 22 mars 2017
Présentations du Colloque Casdar 2017.
En pâturage tournant, la gestion du pâturage par les éleveurs détermine en partie les performances des vaches laitières et la valorisation de l’herbe. Deux méta-analyses de la littérature ont été réalisées afin de définir les effets respectifs de la quantité d’herbe offerte (exprimée en kg MS/vache/jour, étudiée à même biomasse d’herbe) et de la bi...
Increasing plant species diversity has been proposed as a means for enhancing annual pasture productivity and decreasing seasonal variability of pasture production facing more frequent drought scenarios due to climate change. Few studies have examined how botanical complexity of sown swards affects cow performance. A 2-year experiment was conducted...
Dairy goat farms in France's major production regions have access to land covered with temporary forage that may or may not include legumes. Legume ingestibility is high in goats, which are selective in their eating habits. For instance, they will often refuse lucerne hay because of the presence of stems. When grazing, goats demonstrate a preferenc...
Intervention présentée aux journées de l'AFPF, "Les légumineuses fourragères et prairiales : quoi de neuf ?", les 21 et 22 mars 2016
Around 60 legume species can be found in permanent grasslands in France, including various types of clover, trefoil, coronilla, and melilot. This reservoir of diversity could be exploited to generate grasslands adapted to different uses and varied soil and climate conditions. Since the 1950s, the focus has remained on 3 productive legume species. H...
Forage legumes play a central role in bovine dairy systems in France because of their high nutritional value. In particular, they are protein rich, which means that they can partially or entirely replace protein supplements. Legumes may be used in diverse, complementary ways: they can serve as forage in grasslands or generate different types of fod...
5. Prairiales Normandie du Pin : Les fourrages, pilier de la réussite des élevages dans l’Ouest ; Le Pin-au-Haras (France) - (2015-06-18 - 2015-06-18) / Journée d’étude
Several commercially available devices automatically record feeding behaviour of dairy cows on farm, but independent validation studies are often not available. The objective of this study was to determinethe accuracy of the FeedPhone® device, developed in France by Medria, to record eating and rumination activities of dairy cows. The FeedPhone is...
Robust modelling of pasture herbage intake by grazing dairy cows under a wide range of grazing and supplementary feeding strategies allows the better combination of high rates of pasture utilisationand nutrition management in dairy systems. The GrazeIn model has been developed from 10 years at INRA (France) from extensive literature review and larg...
De la fécondation au sevrage : quelle conduite d'élevage ?
Little is known about how to manage grazing horses, including the thresholds under which energy supplementation is required. Here we investigated the effects of daily herbage allowance (DHA) and energy supplementation (ES) on daily herbage intake in lactating mares of light breeds grazing high-quality regrowth during summer. Three contrasting DHAs,...
Accurate estimation of daily grazing time and nycthemeral grazing pattern in ruminant nutrition research may result in a better understanding of sward–animal interactions and of the behavioural constraints affecting daily intake at pasture. Portable devices which automatically record grazing activities are needed. The Kenz Lifecorder Plus device (L...
Deux années d’expérimentation ont permis de comparer la production d’herbe, la valorisation de l’herbe et la production laitière des vaches laitières au pâturage sur 4 types de prairies comportant de 1 à 5 espèces en mélange (ray-grass anglais, trèfle blanc, trèfle violet, chicorée et fétuque élevée). L’essai a été réalisé sur 8,7 ha répartis en 4...
The objective of this 2-year study was to determine the potential of multi-species swards (MSS) for making secure forage availability in grazing dairy systems, and for increasing milk production on a per-ha basis. Four types of sward with increasing number of sward species (from pure perennial ryegrass to a mixture of five species including perenni...
Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.), which has a deep growing spindle-shape root and a high nutritional value, could be included in ley mixtures as a way of securing forage systems in a context of climate change. A study was carried out over 2 years on 4 types of leys planted with a mixture of 1 - 5 different species (perennial ryegrass, white and red c...
Since it has no market value, and is rarely granted public subsidies (CAP), land put down to grass has long been declining in France. This is particularly true of plains. Yet a large number of studies have shown that grass-based systems provide substantial benefits: nutritionally balanced forage and grass, improved financial performance owing to lo...
Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.), which has a deep growing spindle-shape root and a high nutritional value, could be included in ley mixtures as a way of securing forage systems in a context of climate change. A study was carried out over 2 years on 4 types of leys planted with a mixture of 1 - 5 different species (perennial ryegrass, white and red c...
Since it has no market value, and is rarely granted public subsidies (CAP), land put down to grass has long been declining in France. This is particularly true of plains. Yet a large number of studies have shown that grass-based systems provide substantial benefits: nutritionally balanced forage and grass, improved financial performance owing to lo...
Les prairies multispécifiques semées combinent généralement plusieurs graminées et plusieurslégumineuses. Il existe cependant d'autres espèces prairiales dicotylédones non légumineuses comme lachicorée (Chicorium intybus L.), qui présentent des qualités intéressantes: productivité élevée, bonne valeuralimentaire et racine pivotante profonde. Il exi...
The emergence of innovative solutions for forage systems (FS) must take into account the evolution of the global context. This article introduces the results of a concertation aimed at making new solutions emerge as alternatives to existing systems in connection with technical, economic, social and environmental challenges. We will be examining how...
The prediction of grass dry matter intake (GDMI) and milk yield (MY) are important to aid sward and grazing management decision making. Previous evaluations of the GrazeIn model identified weaknesses in the prediction of GDMI and MY for grazing dairy cows. To increase the accuracy of GDMI and MY prediction, GrazeIn was adapted, and then re-evaluate...
L'innovation est souvent mise en avant comme une réponse attendue aux grandes questions sociétales. Dans les faits, le processus est plus complexe. Il mobilise un réseau d'acteurs qui, à partir d'un élément de créativité, élabore une réponse dans un contexte donné et destinée à une population bien ciblée. Qu'en est-il lorsqu'il s'agit de l'applique...
This study evaluated the prediction accuracy of grass dry-matter intake (GDMI) and milk yield predicted by the GrazeIn model using a large database representing 8787 per cow GDMI measurements. In this study, the animal input variables (age, parity, week of lactation, potential peak milk yield, milk fat content, milk protein content, bodyweight, bod...
This study evaluated the prediction accuracy of grass dry-matter intake (GDMI) and milk yield predicted by the model GrazeIn using a database representing 522 grazing herds. The GrazeIn input variables under consideration were fill value (FV), grass energy content [Unité Fourragère Lait (UFL)], grass protein value [true protein absorbable in the sm...
La caractérisation du régime alimentaire des ruminants au pâturage en milieu diversifié (prairies d’association et permanentes) est un verrou méthodologique important dans les études portant sur les relations animal-plantes dans ce type de milieu. Le développement récent de techniques permettant l’identification des végétaux dans des substrats comp...
Daily pasture allowance (PA) is defined as the product of pregrazing pasture mass and offered area, and is the major grazing management factor determining pasture utilization per unit area and daily performance of grazing dairy cows. The objective of the present study was to perform a meta-analysis reviewing the effect of PA on pasture intake, milk...
The lnra has introduced a new research programme for designing and evaluating an innovative forage system, co-developed by researchers and socio-professional partners. The objective of this new system consists in producing milk in a context of climate change, while minimizing the use of raw materials from threatened sources and contributing to sust...
GrazeIn model is a prediction model that simulates grass dry matter intake (GDMI) and milk yield (MY) of grazing dairy cows. Sward and animal data from a trial realized in NW Spain with Holstein-Friesian cows (n=72) managed at two lactation stages (days in milk), early (E, 29) vs. late (L, 167), and rotationally grazing in perennial ryegrass and wh...
Session 31. Livestock farming systems free communications
Grazed pasture is the cheapest source of nutrients for dairy cows and should form the basis of profitable and low input animal production systems. Management of high producing dairy cows at pasture is thus a major challenge in most countries. The objective of the present paper is to review the factors affecting nutrient supply for grazing dairy cow...
Predicting the grass dry matter intake (GDMI), milk yield (MY) or milk fat and protein yield (milk solids yield (MSY)) of the grazing dairy herd is difficult. Decisions with regard to grazing management are based on guesstimates of the GDMI of the herd, yet GDMI is a critical factor influencing MY and MSY. A data set containing animal, sward, grazi...
Journées professionnelles de l'association française pour la production fourragère (AFPF) 2013 : Le changement climatique : incertitudes et opportunités pour les prairies et les systèmes fourragers
The effect of pre‐grazing herbage mass (HM) on herbage intake and milk production of strip‐grazing dairy cows is usually studied at the same herbage allowance (HA). In the literature, the effect of HM seems to be affected by the cutting height above which HA is estimated. The aim of this 2 × 3 factorial study was to determine whether the effect of...
Grazed pasture, which is the cheapest source of nutrients for dairy cows, should form the basis of profitable and low-input animal production systems. Management of high-producing dairy cows at pasture is thus a major challenge in most countries. The objective of the present paper is to review the factors that can affect nutrient supply for grazing...
Grazing management is a key factor in pasture-based dairy systems, which can be improved given advanced knowledge of the effects of pregrazing pasture mass (PM) on the performance of dairy cows. The aim of this study was to quantify the effects of PM on the pasture intake, milk production, milk composition, and grazing behavior of strip- or rotatio...
Involuntary soil intake by cows on pasture can be a potential route of entry for pollutants into the food chain. Therefore, it appears necessary to know and quantify factors affecting soil intake in order to ensure the food safety in outside rearing systems. Thus, soil intake was determined in two Latin square trials with 24 and 12 lactating dairy...
The effect of two feeding systems (indoors and at pasture) on intake and digestion of fresh grass was studied at two stages of regrowth (21 and 35 days of regrowth) in two parallel experiments. In Experiment 1, 10 adult Martinik rams weighing, on average, 50.5 (±0.9) kg, including four fitted with rumen cannula, were randomly allocated to two group...