Ray Bareiss's research while affiliated with Carnegie Mellon University and other places
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Publications (40)
This paper describes the design and initial evaluation of a mobile application for training Community Emergency Response Teams. Our goal is to model the kind of remediation and performance support provided in high-end eLearning systems, and provide it during hands-on learning in the real world, using mobile phones and sensors embedded in the enviro...
Although mobile-based prototyping platforms are numerous, there are currently no tools that support Wizard of Oz interactions on Android. This paper describes a Wizard of Oz prototyping system for Android, via which a designer can enhance digitally generated mock-ups or scanned-in paper sketches with interactive widgets and automated screen transit...
This paper presents the initial results of a study of the evolution of students’ knowledge of
software engineering from the beginning to the end of a master’s degree curriculum in software
engineering. Students were presented with a problem involving the initiation of a complex new
project at the beginning of the program and again at the end of the...
We believe the master's program in Software Engineering offered by Carnegie Mellon University's Silicon Valley Campus to be unique in that it is entirely team-based and project-centered [1]. Students learn by doing as they are coached just in time by faculty in the context of authentic projects, and they are evaluated on the work they produce. Stud...
This research addresses the use of mobile devices with both embedded and external sensors to provide contextualized help, advice, and remediation to learners engaged in real-world learn-by-doing tasks. This work is situated within the context of learning a complex procedure, in particular emergency responders learning to conduct urban search and re...
As emergency first responders and commanders increasingly use mobile phones, tablets, and social media to communicate, coordinate, and manage information during disasters, we see a need and opportunity to provide a mobile device-appropriate semantic layer to a geographically-based common operating picture. The challenge is to provide a simple, usab...
Students at Carnegie Mellon Silicon Valley complete a team-based practicum project for an industrial sponsor as the capstone of their master’s education in software engineering. Over time, the faculty member who typically serves as advisor for such projects has been disturbed by the failure of several student teams to transfer some relevant knowled...
At Carnegie Mellon's Silicon Valley campus we employ a learn-by-doing educational approach in which nearly all student learning, and thus instruction, is in the context of realistic, team-based projects. Consequently, we have adopted coaching as our predominant teaching model. In this paper we reflect on our experience with the nature of teaching b...
Given the unique nature of the software business, the faculty of Carnegie Mellon University's Silicon Valley campus concluded that mid-career software professionals would be better served by a tailored master's degree focusing on software management and more broadly on the business of software than by a typical MBA. Our software management master's...
Teaching Software Engineering to professional master's students is a challenging endeavor, and arguably for the past 20 years, Carnegie Mellon University has been quite successful. Although CMU teaches Software Engineering at sites world-wide and uses different pedagogies, the goal of the curriculum --to produce world-class software engineers --rem...
Carnegie Mellon's West Coast Campus offers an MS in Software Engineering, with technical and development management tracks, targeted at working software professionals in Silicon Valley. We believe the program to be unique in that it is entirely team-based and project-centered. Students learn by doing as they are coached just in time by faculty in t...
Case-based retrieval and other decision support systems typically exist separately from the tools and tasks they support.
Users are required to initiate searches and identify target case features manually, and as a result the systems are not used
to their full extent. We describe an approach to integrating an ASK system—a type of video case library...
The purpose of this project was to investigate the application of explicit task modeling techniques to human-computer interaction. In the first phase of this project, reported in Part I of this document, the focus of the investigation was on techniques for wing task models to direct interface design and automatically compile user interfaces. This r...
We describe an approach to building integrated performance support systems by using model-based task tracking to link performance support tools to video-based organizational memory systems, enabling contextually appropriate help and advice as well as proactive critiquing. Keywords Intelligent performance support, task models, organizational memory,...
Producing high-quality, comprehensible user intetices is a difficult, labor-intensive process that requires experience and judgment. In this paper, we describe an approach to assisting this process by using explicit models of the user's task to drive the interface design process. The task model helps to ensure that the resulting interf%ce directly...
When solving a complex problem, gathering relevant information to understand the situation and imposing appropriate interpretations on that information are critical to problem solving success. These two tasks are especially difficult in weak-theory domains -- domains in which knowledge is incomplete, uncertain, and contradictory. In such domains, e...
Problem Categories The abstract problem categories include a set of concepts taken from Andersen Consulting's change management methodology and another set of common sense categories borrowed from the study of conventional, proverbial, wisdom. These categories provide an explicit way of organizing both the sets of problem-describing features, and t...
This paper describes ASK Jasper, a hypermedia performance support system that provides a structured work environment and in-context help and advice to students as they learn the concepts and skills of empirical geometry through solving a complex design problem.
Our research concerns how to construct knowledge-rich hypermedia systems for use as aids to problem-solving. One of the most difficult steps in building such systems is constructing a fertile set of hypermedia links between the nodes they contain (i.e., text segments, graphics, and video clips). This paper describes the progress we have made in for...
For computer-based learning environments to make a major impact on education, we need tools to scale up construction of these systems in order to deploy the technology. On the one hand, commercial authoring tools can be used by educators to ease construction of learning environments. However, these tools provide no guidance in terms of pedagogy. On...
An abstract is not available.
Goal-Based Scenarios (GBSs) provide a framework for the design of instruction—a framework in which the student plays a role within a simulation, acquiring knowledge and skills in the process of pursuing a meaningful goal within the simulation context. Sickle Cell Counselor, a computer program designed to teach museum visitors about sickle cell dise...
We describe Ask How It Works, a prototype interactive intelligent manual for devices, based on novel intelligent training systems called ASK Systems.
Hypermedia systems offer great promise for capturing expertise and subsequently providing multifaceted access in support of a user engaged in a complex task. A primary issue in building such systems is how to structure the knowledge contained in them such that a user with a problem can find the most appropriate knowledge easily and naturally. Our a...
Video stories are an effective way to teach complex subjects, but video is opaque to a computer pro- gram. To what extent must the content of such stories be represented? We present three issues in story indexing that affect the distinctions that must be drawn in story representation and illus- trate these issues with examples from ORCA, a pedagogi...
At the Institute for the Learning Sciences we have been developing large scale hypermedia systems, called ASK systems, that are designed to simulate aspects of conversations with experts. They provide access to manually indexed, multimedia databases of story units. We are particularly concerned with finding a practical solution to the problem of fi...
Telling stories is an effective way to teach aspects of nearly every task and domain. However, to be effectively remembered, a story must be told in a context that enables the hearer to index it functionally in memory. This occurs naturally when stories are told to students while they are attempting to perform the task being taught. Unfortunately,...
This paper is aimed at showing the benefits obtained by explicitly introducing a priori control knowledge into the inductive process. The starting point is Michalski's Induce system, which has been modified and augmented. Although the basic philosophy ...
This paper describes a successful approach to concept learning for heuristic classification. Almost all current programs for this task create or use explicit, abstract generalizations. These programs are largely ineffective for domains with weak or intractable theories. An exemplar-based approach is suitable for domains with inadequate theories but...
Developing knowledge bases using knowledge-acquisition tools is difficult because each stage of development requires performing a distinct knowledge-acquisition task. This paper describes these different tasks and surveys current tools that perform them. It also addresses two issues confronting tools for start-to-finish development of knowledge bas...
This research examines the acquisition of domain knowledge from an expert. Currently, the transfer of expert knowledge to a computer program is a painstaking process. The human expert is asked for a set of problem solving heuristics. Each heuristic is a fragment of domain knowledge which the expert has packaged with other heuristics to produce well...
The Carnegie Mellon's Silicon Valley Campus offers a master's degree in Software Engineering, with technical and development management tracks, targeted at working software professionals in Silicon Valley. We believe the program to be unique in that it is entirely team-based and project-centered. Students learn by doing as they are coached just in...
We believe Carnegie Mellon Silicon Valley's MS in Software Engineering program to be unique in that it is entirely team-based and project-centered. Students learn by doing as they are coached just in time by faculty in the context of authentic projects, and they are evaluated based on what they produce. Student satisfaction is high: 87% believe tha...
Technology for building smart homes is here today; however, a solid understanding of how people will interact in these spaces is not. In this paper, we present our research into designing a smart living space that focuses on inherent social behavior and in turn facilitates social interactions. We start by explaining our initial design scenario, and...
Continua Health Alliance developed a scenario in which elderly people could live independently, in their homes, with the aid of technology. Included in that scenario was a list of issues requiring expansion of the scenario. We have addressed each of those issues with an extension to the original scenario. This extended scenario is being used to dri...
As aids to human problem solving, CBR systems typically rely on feature matching to retrieve cases that are likely to be useful. Human experts in contrast provide much richer problem solving as-sistance. Experts not only can recall relevant ex-periences, they can provide a helpful interpretive framework of information. Because these kinds of inform...
Our research concerns the construction of knowledge-rich memories, in hypermedia form, for use as aids to problem-solving. One of the most difficult steps in building such memories is constructing a rich set of links between the content elements they contain (i.e., text segments, graphics, and video clips). This paper describes point linking, a met...
Citations
... To evaluate decision-making ability in training scenarios, it is necessary to simulate work under pressure and sensorial stimuli related to the disaster ( Lai et al. 2015). Because of this, mobile devices and sensors are of great help to develop a learning experience closer to reality ( Linnell, Bareiss, and Pantic 2013). During the disaster management cycle each independent unit is responsible for specific tasks ( KhorramManesh et al. 2015). ...
... In the case-based legal reasoning system HYPO (Ashley, 1990), for example, the legal cases are indexed by a list of the legal issues raised in them and the values of important features in the legal situation. It is possible to index stories by summarizing the events that occur in them (Osgood & Bareiss, 1993), but this approach does not serve the purposes of educational retrieval. To show why this is so, we can apply the "index as summary" approach to the following example of a reminding: Once while watching the demolition of a building in Chicago, I was struck by how ineffectively the work was being done. ...
... Design studioa method of software design studio education which is utilized in the master program of software engineering of Carnegie Mellon University. It is a small design studio style education method widely used in design education such as architecture and fashion [15]. Educational features include professional, mentoring, and rigorous project management, with hands-on, medium-sized projects for training purposes. ...
... It has been extended to extract disaster information (Chu et al. 2011; Gao et al. 2011;Goodchild et al. 2010). At the same time, it establishes necessary methods and mechanisms to collect information immediately by integrating special information and disaster management (Bareiss et al. 2011;Goodchild et al. 2010;Savelyev et al. 2011;Starbird et al. 2011). The August 2009 Taiwan Morakot Typhoon was taken as an example in this study, and how to extract the disaster information immediately through crowdsourcing mechanism had also been discussed. ...
... Design methodologies and prototyping techniques have already been proposed to assist with the designing of AR user interfaces. Like ours, they are often based on consolidated HCI methodologies, such as the WoZARd [24] that adapted the Wizard of OZ (WOZ) but with specific elements to cover the particularities of wearable AR designs, the work by De Sa et al. [9] that proposed a usercentred approach adapted for mobile augmented reality design and the ExProtoVAR [26] that adapted a double diamond process to create virtual prototypes of AR applications. ...
... Many universities have assumed this challenge and promoted different initiatives to address it [2]. However, there still are several reports indicating the breakdown between software engineering education and the industry needs [3] [4]. ...
... Several techniques have been explored to solve this problem: inductive learning methods to identify predictive features which will then be used as indices Lebowitz, 1987 and explanation-based l e arning EBL techniques to identify relevant features Barletta and Mark, 1988. Recently, several researchers have taken the approach of de ning vocabularies for describing di erent types of problems in an attempt to discover the content of indices that allow reminding across particular domains Hinrichs et al. 1993, Cuthill and McCartney 1993, Goldweic and Hammond 1993. Heuristic search techniques Rissland et al. 1993 andQualitative Models Richards 1994 are also very promising approaches to the indexing retrieval problem Rissland et al. 1993. ...
Reference: F4.3 Fuzzy Case-Based Reasoning Systems
... Once technology is used to afford the kinds of experiences that can foster engagement and make iterative refinement of understanding and capabilities feel natural, embedded cognitive prosthetics can be used for such functions as fostering observation, interpretation, explanation, exploration, feedback, collaboration, rigorous talk, and other cognitive and social behaviors that are essential for learning from experience. Such learning environments, when integrated well with reflective activities facilitated by a teacher, have potential for fostering very deep understanding indeed (Barron et al. 1998;Bell, Bareiss, and Beckwith 1994;Brown and Campione 1994;Cognition and Technology Group at Vanderbilt 2000;Kolodner et al. 2003). ...
... Significant research is focused on learning analytics, but is mostly trageted at first year students [13] without presenting a qualitative view of the software development process. Bareiss et al. [2] analysed the evolution of software engineering knowledge of 16 master students across their entire degree, and found that their mental models of requirements analysis and process management improved significantly as they approached the end of their degree. They also found that more in-depth analysis of the software development process is needed. ...
... Automatic UI generation is often based upon some form of model based solution or abstract design, which uses a presentation model to control the selection and layout of DEIs, based on the modelled tasks and/or domain (e.g. Janus [8] and Mecano [13] primarily use a domain model whereas Trident [14] and Modest [15] primarily use a task model). These approaches still require substantial investment by a UI developer, particularly if they are to be successful in creating a useful domain specific interface, and as Novak has observed 'Nobody will create applications using specifications (models), if they can do it faster directly editing' [16]. ...