Ratna Djuniwati Lisminingsih’s research while affiliated with Universitas Islam Malang and other places

The use of insecticides as pest control is one of the efforts of Indonesian farmers in increasing agricultural productivity. Chlorpyrifos insecticide is one type of organophosphate insecticide that is toxic and can have a negative impact on the environment. The study aimed to compare the effect of exposure to Chlorpyrifos insecticide with different concentrations on egg hatchability and larval survival of silver rasbora (Rasbora argyrotaenia). Experimental research with a completely randomized design (CRP). One way ANOVA to compare between treatments then further tested using DMRT (Duncan's Multiple Range Test), and larval mortality was analyzed using probit analysis. The results showed that different concentrations of chlorpyrifos insecticide had a significantly different effect on hatchability and survival of silver rasbora larvae (Rasbora argyrotaenia). The lethal concentration (LC50) of chlorpyrifos insecticide that can affect the hatchability and survival of silver rasbora larvae is 0.62 ppm. The results of this study provide valuable information for various parties related to the dangers of excessive use of insecticides because they can have a negative impact on the acute environment.

There are many tofu factories in Indonesia and this causes a lot of waste to be generated. On average, tofu factories are unable to process waste, so the waste produced is thrown directly into the environment without processing, so it can pollute the environment. Liquid waste processing can be done simply, namely by bioremediation using EM4. This research aims to compare between control treatments, EM4 7.5% and EM4 15% in the processing of industrial tofu liquid waste. The research method used True Experiment Design and Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with 3 treatments namely P1 (control), P2 (EM4 7.5%), and P3 (EM4 15%). Each treatment was repeated 7 times. The research parameters measured were pH, BOD, COD, and TSS before and after treatment. The results of the data obtained during the observation were analyzed using the ANOVA test then tested by LSD test. The research results showed that there were differences in bioremediation after using Effective microorganism-4 (EM4) in the control treatment, EM4 7,5% and EM4 15%, but it was not yet effective in reducing BOD, COD and TSS levels in tofu wastewater. The treatment has not been effective because the remediation results still did not meet the quality standarts in East Java Governor Regulation No 52 of 2014. Keywords: tofu wastewater, EM4, BOD, COD, TSS.

Ethnobotany is the study of information about how ethnic groups, tribes, communities, and their environment historically or locally use and manage plants. The purpose of this study was to obtain data on plant species, plant benefits, plant parts that are utilized and how to process plants as medicinal plants by the community in Candipuro Village, Candipuro District, Lumajang Regency. Semi-structured interviews with respondents who know or have used medicinal plants were used to collect data on medicinal plants. The selection of respondents was carried out using the Snowball Sampling technique, namely by identifying Key Person (Key Figure). People in Candipuro village use 32 plant species from 19 families, each of which has benefits in curing diseases. Plant parts such as tubers, rhizomes, leaves, flower fruits, bark, seeds, gels, and fronds are utilized or processed as ABSTRAKEtnobotani merupakan studi tentang informasi mengenai bagaimana kelompok etnis, suku, masyarakat, dan lingkungannya secara historis atau lokal menggunakan dan mengelola tumbuhan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh data mengenai jenis tumbuhan, manfaat tumbuhan, bagian tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan serta cara mengolah tumbuhan sebagai tumbuhan berkhasiat obat oleh masyarakat di Desa Candipuro, Kecamatan Candipuro, Kabupaten Lumajang. Wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan responden yang mengenal atau pernah menggunakan tumbuhan obat digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data tentang tumbuhan obat. Pemilihan responden dilakukan dengan teknik Snowball Sampling, yaitu dengan mengidentifikasi Key Person (Tokoh Kunci). Masyarakat di desa Candipuro menggunakan 32 spesies tumbuhan dari 19 familia yang mana masing masing tumbuhan memiliki manfaat dalam menyembuhkan penyakit. Bagian tumbuhan seperti umbi, rimpang, daun, buah bunga, kulit batang, biji, gel, dan pelepah dimanfaatkan atau diolah sebagai tumbuhan obat. Masyarakat menggunakan cara merebus, memotong, menumbuk, mengukus, memeras, dan mengonsumsi langsung sebagai metode pengolahan tumbuhan obat. Persebaran Tumbuhan Berkhasiat Obat pada 4 dusun yang ada di Desa Candipuro, yaitu pada Dusun Krajan didapatkan jumlah frekuensi sebesar 72% sedangkan pada Dusun Candi wetan sebesar 44%, pada Dusun Panggung Lombok lor dan Dusun Panggung Lombok kidul sebesar 62%. Kata kunci: Etnobotani, Tumbuhan Berkhasiat Obat, Distribusi, Pemanfaatan.

Brazilian spinach (Alternanthera sissoo) is a suitable plant for cultivation because it does not require too much cost and had short cultivation period. The decreasing agricultural land and the low quality of spinach produced by farmers are problems faced in spinach cultivation activities. Hydroponics can be a viable solution. Nutritional needs are the most influential thing in hydroponic cultivation on plant growth. One of the nutrients used is liquid organic fertilizer. In this study, the liquid organic fertilizers that were used are made from rabbit urine and NuPOC. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of applying rabbit urine liquid organic fertilizer and NuPOC with different concentrations toward the growth of Brazilian spinach. This research was conducted in the garden located at Jalan Joyo Suryo Lowokwaru Malang, during July to August 2022. The research used is a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments, namely POC Rabbit Urine biflora brand 30 mL (P1), NuPOC 15 mL (P2), POC Rabbit Urine biflora brand 20 mL (P3), NuPOC 20 mL (P4) and control (P5). Each treatment was done 5 times so there were 25 experimental units. Data analysis used ANOVA test and continued with BNT 5% if there were significant differences. The results showed that the application of liquid organic fertilizer was significantly different on the growth of plant height, leaf blade, leaf area and root length of Brazilian spinach. The best treatment was NuPOC concentration of 20 ml/liter. Keywords: Brazillian spinach, Hidroponic, Alternanthera sissoo, NuPOCABSTRAKBayam Brazil (Altehernanthera sissoo) merupakan tanaman yang cocok untuk dibudidayakan karena tidak membutuhkan biaya yang terlalu banyak dan masa budidaya yang pendek. Semakin berkurangnya lahan pertanian dan rendahnya kualitas bayam yang dihasilkan merupakan masalah yang dihadapi para petani dalam kegiatan budidaya sayuran bayam, sehingga hidroponik menjadi suatu solusi. Kebutuhan nutrisi merupakan hal yang paling berpengaruh di dalam budidaya hidroponik terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman. Salah satu nutrisi yang digunakan adalah pupuk organik cair. Pada penelitian ini pupuk organik cair yang digunakan untuk perlakuan adalah pupuk organik cair berbasis urin kelinci dan NuPOC. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh dari pemberian pupuk organik cair urin kelinci dan NuPOC dengan konsentrasi berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan bayam Brazil. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kebun yang terletak di jalan Joyo Suryo Lowokwaru Malang, selama bulan Juli sampai Agustus 2022. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan yaitu POC Urin Kelinci merk biflora 30 mL (P1), NuPOC 15 mL (P2), POC Urin Kelinci merk biflora 20 mL (P3), NuPOC 20 mL (P4) dan kontrol (P5). Masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan 5 kali ulangan sehingga terdapat 25 unit percobaan. Analisis data menggunakan uji ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan BNT 5% jika terdapat perbedaan yang nyata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian pupuk organic cair berbeda nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, helai daun, luas daun dan panjang akar bayam Brazil. Perlakuan terbaik pada konsentrasi NuPOC 20 ml/liter. Kata kunci: Bayam Brazil, Hidroponik, Alternanthera sissoo, Pupuk organik cair, Urin kelinci, NuPOC

Vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) as a superior type of shrimp, has economic value so it is widely cultivated in Indonesia. Vaname shrimp are included in aquatic organisms. This research was conducted to assess the effect of differences in salinity on the survival and growth rate of vaname shrimp. The research was carried out using experimental methods using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) using six different salinity treatments (0 ppt; 3 ppt; 6 ppt; 9 ppt; 12 ppt; 15 ppt) with four replications. The experimental results were analyzed statistically through one-way analysis of variance (One Way Anova). Data showed no difference in survival. The salinity treatment given was high enough so that the average survival was 58.33%, with the highest value shown in the P3 (9ppt) treatment at 80%. Meanwhile, there were significant differences in length growth and weight growth in different treatments. In treatment P3 (9 ppt) the highest results were obtained with an average shrimp length of 10.66 cm. Thus, the average daily growth rate in the P3 (9 ppt) shrimp treatment was 0.18%/day. The influence of cannibalism and feeding greatly determined survival in this study.Keywords : vannamei shrimp, salinity, growth, survivalAbstrakUdang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) sebagai jenis udang yang diunggulkan, memiliki nilai ekonomi sehingga banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Udang vaname termasuk dalam organisme akuatik. Penelitian ini dilakukan menilai pengaruh perbedaan salinitas pada sintasan dan laju pertumbuhan udang vaname. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan menggunakan enam perlakuan salinitas berbeda (0 ppt; 3 ppt; 6 ppt; 9 ppt; 12 ppt;15 ppt) dengan empat ulangan. Hasil eksperimen dianalisis secara statistik melalui analisis varian satu arah (One Way Anova). Data menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan pada sintasan. Perlakuan salinitas yang diberikan cukup tinggi sehingga rata sintasan sebesar 58,33%, dengan nilai tertinggi ditunjukkan pada perlakuan P3 (9 ppt) sebesar 80%. Sementara itu, terdapat perbedaan pertumbuhan panjang dan pertumbuhan berat yang signifikan pada perlakuan berbeda. Dalam perlakuan P3 (9 ppt) diperoleh hasil tertinggi dengan rata-rata panjang udang 10,66 cm. Demikian dengan rata-rata laju pertumbuhan harian pada perlakuan P3 (9 ppt) udang sebesar 0,18 %/hari. Pengaruh kanibalisme serta pemberian pakan sangat menentukan sintasan dalam penelitian ini.Kata kunci : udang vaname, salinitas, pertumbuhan, sintasan

This research aims to determine the effect of organic fertilizer from vegetable waste on the growth of shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) and the optimal concentration of organic fertilizer from vegetable waste on the growth of shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) in a hydroponic system. This research method was carried out using a Completely Randomized (CRD) design using 5 treatment levels with 5 repetitions using concentrations of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. The parameters used are the number of leaves (strands), length of leaves and roots (cm) and number of roots. If there is an effect, then a further DMRT test is carried out. The results of statistical analysis showed that there were no differences in the number of leaves and leaf length in the treatments, but there were differences in the number of roots and root length in the treatments. The results of the DMRT test on root number and root length showed that the control treatment (0% POC) was the concentration that produced the highest root length and root number. The results of liquid organic fertilizer from vegetable waste have a significant influence on the growth in length and number of roots of shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.). ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk organik dari limbah sayur terhadap pertumbuhan bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) dan konsentrasi pupuk organik limbah sayur yang optimal terhadap pertumbuhan bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) pada sistem hidroponik. Metode penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) menggunakan 5 taraf perlakuan 5 kali pengulangan menggunakan konsetrasi 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100%. Parameter yang digunakan adalah jumlah daun (helai), panjang daun dan akar (cm) serta jumlah akar. Jika terdapat pengaruh, maka dilakukan uji lanjut DMRT. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan jumlah daun dan panjang daun pada perlakuan, tetapi terdapat perbedaan jumlah akar dan panjang akar pada perlakuan. Hasil uji DMRT terhadap jumlah akar dan panjang akar menunjukan bahwa perlakuan kontrol (0% POC) merupakan konsetrasi yang menghasilkan panjang akar dan jumlah akar tertinggi. Hasil pupuk organik cair limbah sayur memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan panjang dan jumlah akar bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.).Kata kunci: Bawang merah, hidroponik, limbah sayur, pupuk organik dan pertumbuhan bawang merah

Recycled paper mill waste contains inorganic materials, one of heavy metal lead. Metal lead is non-essential and non-degradable that harmful to living things. Reduce lead levels by using Kayu Apu plants (Pistia stratiotes) is needed. The aims, to determine number of Kayu Apu plants that effective in reducing lead levels, temperature and pH of optimum waste according to quality standards, increase in plant's wet weight, and morphological condition of plants. Method is experiment with completely randomized design. Treatment consisted of number of Kayu Apu plants A: control, B: 2 individuals, C: 5 individuals, and D: 9 individuals with 3 replications. Acclimatization of Kayu Apu plant was carried out, measuring physical, chemical and biological parameters, then data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and paired sample t-test. Results showed that lead levels of treatment using 9 individuals decreased while in control, 2 individuals and 5 individuals increased. Average temperature and pH of waste are still optimum according to quality standards. Average fresh weight of plants increased in treatments B and C, while treatment D decreased. Number of Kayu Apu plants that effective in reducing lead was treatment using 9 individuals. Average temperature and pH of waste were optimum according to quality standards. Wet weight of plants increased in treatments B and C while D decreased. Morphology of Kayu Apu leaves in all treatments turned yellow, dried and fall off but the buds grow.Keywords: Kayu Apu (Pistia stratiotes), lead (Pb), Paper mil waste

The number of tofu factories that have been established has resulted in a large amount of waste being produced. Tofu factories that stand on average are small-scale businesses that cannot afford to manufacture their own waste treatment, so that the waste produced is directly disposed into the environment without processing, this can pollute the environment. Waste treatment can be done in a simple way that doesn't require a lot of money, such as bioremediation using EM4 and Apu plant (Pistia stratiotes L.). The aim of this research was to study bioremediation of tofu wastewater in reducing BOD, COD and TSS levels using Effective Microorganism-4 (EM4) and Apu plant (Pistia stratiotes L.). This research using experimental method and Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with 3 treatments (P1, P2 and P3) that is P1 as the control treatment (without EM4 and Apu plant), P2 as the bioremediation treatment using EM4, and P3 as treatment using Apu plant (Pistia stratiotes L.). Each treatment was repeated 7 times. Parameters measured included pH, BOD, COD and TSS of the waste before and after treatment. Observational data were analyzed by ANOVA test then tested by LSD test. The research results showed that there were differences in bioremediation using Effective microorganism-4 (EM4) and Apu plant (Pistia stratiotes L.) but it was not yet effective in reducing BOD, COD and TSS levels in tofu wastewater. The treatment was ineffective because the remediation results still did not meet the quality standarts in East Java Governor Regulation No 52 of 2014.Keywords: EM4, Pistia stratiotes L., tofu wastewater, waste treatment.

Abstract Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a freshwater fishery commodity that has commercial value. Very fast growth and has a distinctive meat taste make tilapia so popular with people both in Indonesia and abroad. However, a decrease in water quality can affect growth, including the hatchability of tilapia eggs. This study aims to determine the effect of water quality given papaya leaf extract (Carica papaya) with different doses on the hatchability of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) eggs. The method used is the experimental method. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression to determine the effect of water quality on the hatchability of Nile tilapia eggs. The research results obtained were temperatures ranging from 25.1 to 27.50C, for pH ranging from 6.1 to 8.53, and for DO ranging from 5.16 to 6.70 and still within optimal limits for the hatching and growth of Nile tilapia eggs (Oreochromis niloticus). The research results found that temperature and pH had a small effect on the hatchability of Nile tilapia eggs, respectively 16.79% and 16.44%, while dissolved oxygen had a large effect on the hatchability of fish eggs, a value of 86.21. %.

Delays in hatching of fish eggs are influenced by several factors such as water quality instability during rearing, including; temperature, DO, pH. Papaya leaf is one of the plants that can be used to accelerate the hatchability of fish eggs. Papaya itself can be used as a component to boost the immune system because it contains the enzyme papain. The purpose of this study was to compare the hatchability of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) eggs in the treatment of papaya leaf extract (Carica papaya) with different doses. This research was conducted at the Punten Cultivation Fisheries Installation, Batu City in December 2022. Using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) where there were 4 treatments, namely: A) papaya leaf extract 4 mL/L, B) papaya leaf extract 6 mL/L, C ) papaya leaf extract 10 mL/L, and D) control without treatment. In each treatment there were 3 repetitions. The ANOVA test was used to compare the effect of papaya leaf extract on hatchability of tilapia eggs, and was followed up with the BNT test if there were significant differences in the treatments. The results showed that there were significant differences in the treatment with the addition of papaya leaf extract on the hatchability of tilapia eggs, with 4 mL/L treatment) being the best treatment in increasing the hatchability percentage of tilapia eggs by 88.33%. There is a tendency that the higher the papaya leaf extract, the egg hatchability decreases.