Rajeshwar Nitiyanandan's research while affiliated with Arizona State University and other places

... 5 Moreover, crosslinked hydrogels, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polysaccharides, have been associated with tissue injuries and pressure build-up when applied to closed inner cavities, with excess amounts not removed by irrigation. 6 To overcome these limitations, several sealants with new structures and chemistries have been suggested including complimentary liquid neat (solvent-free) pre-polymers, 7 use of hot-melt glue gun using star polycaprolactones with low melting points, 8 a polymer blend of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) that increases wet tissue adherence by incorporating nanoto-microscale silica particles, 9 and laser-activated sealants, 10 to name a few. The clinical efficiency of these sealants is, however, still under investigation. ...

... Those bivalent charge cations can replace calcium without destroying its gelation property. For example, calcium can be replaced with copper cations [97]. A small amount of copper ions was proven to have a profound effect in enhancing tissue sealing and repair, because of the using angiogenesis ability of copper to help form new blood vessels, and its photothermal ability to help the fiber to heat up. ...

... It is a p-type semiconductor with a narrow band gap of 1.2 eV and has been reported as a promising material for different applications due to its chemical stability, nontoxic nature, high efficiency, and low production cost [32,33]. In addition, the antibacterial activity of copper ions (Cu 2+ ) has been reported by many researchers [34,35] and Cu 2+ has been reported to possess other valuable biological features such as enhancing the cell activity and proliferation of osteoblastic cells [36], improving the angiogenesis of bioactive scaffolds, wound healing [37], anti-cancer [38,39], and biological imaging probes [40]. Owing to these distinct properties, it is noteworthy to investigate the antimicrobial activities of CuO [41]. ...

... With an irreplaceable role in operations, it facilitates healing and leaves minimal scar after injury [1,2]. Despite gratifying tissue adhesives [3][4][5][6], sutures still comprise the most considerable portion of the wound closure market with over 5 billion dollars yearly [7,8]. Most used absorbable sutures are catgut (natural) and polyglycolic-co-lactic acid (PGLA) (synthetic). ...

... SAM RNA may be effective at lower doses for a number of reasons. Whereas DNA needs to enter the nucleus, RNA only needs to enter the cytoplasm to be transcribed (36)(37)(38). The SAM replicon is designed for enhanced amplification of RNA transcripts from which antigen can be expressed and produces dsRNA, which provides a self-adjuvanting effect through activation of pattern recognition receptors (e.g., TLR3, RIG-I, and MDA-5) likely contributing to the efficacy of the SAM vaccine. ...

... EVs have been used as liquid biopsy in numerous assays for tumor diagnosis [91][92][93], however, the use of EVs-DNA for the diagnosis of pathogens and especially intracellular pathogens has hardly been addressed so far. Cho et al., 2020 [94] showed that PCR using exosome DNA from isolates of patients affected by tuberculosis shows higher sensitivity than conventional PCR diagnosis using total DNA for PCR. ...

... Two mechanisms of FA uptake have been identified: 1) reduced folate carrier (RFC1) promotes endocytosis of folic acid in a reduced form by cells and 2) high-affinity folate receptor recognizes folic acid and promotes its oxidation by cells through receptor mediation. Folic acid that enters the cell through this pathway is released into the cytoplasm through endosomal acidification (Godeshala et al., 2016). FR has been shown to be overexpressed in a number of human tumor types, including triple-negative breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer. ...