R. Pena Pires's scientific contributions

Citations

... By contrast, Portuguese emigration into Central and Northern Europe has considerably outnumbered internal movements since the 1960s (Cavaco, 1993;Peixoto, 1996). This huge emigration into Europe provoked labour shortages in construction and manufacturing in Portugal, which were filled by Cape Verdean workers in the late 1960s and at the beginning of the 1970s (Saint- Maurice and Pires, 1989;Fran~a, 1992). ...