R. Benjamin Shapiro’s research while affiliated with University of Washington and other places

... Though Zhang et al. [83] emphasized the importance of flexible parental involvement during reading through a system called Storybuddy, yet they focused on a virtual chatbot rather than a physical robot, and how the flexible modes may be used in different scenarios remain unknown. Similarly, ContextQ [13] presented auto-generated dialogic questions to caregivers for dialogic reading, but primarily considered situations where parents are actively involved, not scenarios where parents cannot participate fully. ...

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SET-PAiREd: Designing for Parental Involvement in Learning with an AI-Assisted Educational Robot

... Many of these do not require any prior understanding and are accessible to learners of all ages and thus could be repurposed for HoC activities. Furthermore, all the HoC activities were individual in nature and, while presumably implemented in a classroom context, neglected to take into account the social nature of data production and curation and design of computational systems (Tseng et al. 2024;Hardy, Dixon, and Hsi 2020). ...

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What Can Youth Learn About in One Hour? Examining How Hour of Code Activities Address the Five Big Ideas of Artificial Intelligence

... Our goal was to provide teachers and students with anchoring phenomena that integrate a number of important science ideas together which require students to think about complex problems in relation to real people, places, and situations. Research suggests that when students "care" about the human and more than human aspects of a complex problem they develop even deeper understandings (e.g., McGowan & Bell, 2022;Parekh et al., 2023;Yoon et al., 2018;Zeyer & Dillon, 2019). ...

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A Futures Approach to Science Education: Centering Justice in Anchoring Phenomena

... Unlike traditional ML, IML allows real-time updates in response to user input, facilitating focused and incremental adjustments [1,5]. Building on these advancements, Tseng et al. [17] developed Co-ML, a tablet-based application for collaboratively building ML image classification models across multiple devices, focusing on teaching dataset design practices by creating a shared dataset. In this paper, we extend these concepts by proposing a browser-based tool that allows users to collaborate on IML tasks using federated learning. ...

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InFL-UX: A Toolkit for Web-Based Interactive Federated Learning

... Meanwhile, K-12 AI education has gained increasing prominence as educators recognize the importance of preparing students for a technology-driven future (Long & Magerko, 2020). Through the integration of AI concepts into the K-12 curriculum, the field aims to equip students with critical thinking skills, problem-solving abilities and an understanding of AI's societal implications (Ruppert et al., 2023). Furthermore, the literature has highlighted the benefits of AI education in fostering computational thinking (Authors) and enhancing students' digital literacy (Park et al., 2022). ...

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Towards inclusivity in AI: A comparative study of cognitive engagement between marginalized female students and peers

... Approaches to learning and teaching MLAgassi et al.[1], Arastoopour Irgens et al.[5], Bilstrup et al.[6], Castro et al.[11], Dietz et al.[14], Druga & Ko[18], Druga et al.[17], Dwivedi et al.,[20], Henry et al.[28], Hitron et al.[29,30], Hjorth[31], Jiang et al.[33], Jordan et al.[34], Kaspersen et al.[39], Katuka et al.[41,42],Krakowski et al. [43], Lee et al. [46], Lin et al. [47], Martin et al. [58] Morales-Navarro et al.[60], Ng et al.[61], Park et al. [65], Rodríguez-García et al. [74], Sabuncuoglu [75], Song et al. [80], Toivonen et al. [83, 84], Tseng et al. [87-89] , Vartiainen et al. [93-95], Williams et al. [100, 101], Zhu & Van Brummelen [103], Zimmermann-Niefield et al.[104,105] Data-driven with learning algorithm sprinkles: involves data-driven activities while also explaining the learning algorithms used in models through lectures, discussions and videos Ali et al.,[3], Buxton et al.[9], Guerreiro-Santalla et al.[25] Kaspersen et al.[40], Ng et al.[62], Shamir & Levin[78] Williams et al.,[99] Learning algorithm-driven with data sprinkles: focuses on learning algorithms and includes discussions about how data influences model behavior Reddy et al.[70], Wan et al.[98], Zhou et al.[102] ...

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Unpacking Approaches to Learning and Teaching Machine Learning in K-12 Education: Transparency, Ethics, and Design Activities

... Decentralization is about giving authority to local authorities and holding them accountable for their actions. This includes educational reforms to empower faculty and administrators to be more creative and specific in their approach to curriculum and instruction (Finch et al., 2021). This theoretical framework theorizes that decentralization involves transferring decision-making authority from central governing bodies to local levels. ...

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Comparative Analysis of School Decentralization Policies across the World

... These tactile elements made data more accessible and influenced how participants interacted with and understood it. Future work may further investigate how tangible data encoding methods can utilize the qualities of physical materials [50,51] or human body movements [79] to design intuitive and accessible data interactions, combining tactile-kinesthetic interaction with cognitive reasoning. ...

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Our Stories, Our Data: Co-designing Visualizations with People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

... Machine learning, although present in the scientific world for more than seven decades [1], has gained significant attention in recent years and is becoming increasingly integrated into the daily lives of a growing number of people, particularly younger generations who aim to engage in various projects within the fields of computer science as well as other scientific disciplines [2], [3]. The automotive industry, architecture, medicine, biology, education, mechanical and petroleum industries are just a few sectors increasingly relying on the application of machine learning, which involves the implementation of large datasets in complex algorithms [4], [5]. ...

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Impact of cutting parameters on surface roughness in aluminum alloys machining: a review of machine learning models for key parameter identification

... Learning in informal and community programs has allowed students to meaningfully blend the social and science worlds, allowing them to engage in their community in ways that mattered to them and identify as people who are knowledgeable (Barton & Tan, 2010). Connecting to students' interests and real-world problems supports culturally responsive computing and can lead to positive STEM perceptions and experiences (Fischback et al., 2020). Given the successes in informal settings, science educators need to reevaluate school science and nonschool science and broaden what is considered science to include and value nonformal science and other forms of knowing (Barton & Yang, 2000). ...

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Secondary science teachers' conceptualizations and modifications to support equitable participation in a co-designed computational thinking lesson