Qing Chang’s research while affiliated with Nanjing Normal University and other places

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Publications (62)


New estimate of the trend in world population size of the Spoon-billed Sandpiper suggests continuing decline
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August 2024

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253 Reads

Wader Study

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Establishing the size and trend of the world population of the Critically Endangered Spoon-billed Sandpiper Calidris pygmaea is vital for assessing the priority and effectiveness of global conservation measures, but these parameters are not yet known precisely enough for effective monitoring. We used a global mark-resighting analysis combined with 17 scan surveys at five sites during the non-breeding season and a Lincoln-Petersen method to make estimates of the species’ world population. This study extends the series of survey results using this approach beyond that reported previously from ten to 17 surveys and increases the duration of the monitoring period from six to nine years. The estimated mean world population size at the end of the breeding season, averaged over the whole survey period, was 443 mature individuals and the trend of the population estimates over time suggested a decline at an average rate of 5% per year. The precision of this estimate of population trend was low, but although the suggested decline was not statistically significant at the two-tailed 5% level, the evidence that the population is declining is now substantial and we are updating our trend estimate now to draw attention to the species’ continuing precarious conservation status. The precision of the trend estimate has improved substantially with the expansion of the dataset, in line with predictions from simulations based upon previously published results, so it should be possible to reach more reliable conclusions about population trend soon, but only if it is possible to continue to apply individual marks.


Figure 1. Gene maps of the mitogenomes of (a) A. hypoleucos, (b) L. semipalmatus, (c) L. limosa, and (d) N. arquata. Arrows indicate the orientation of gene transcription. PCGs are shown as blue-purple Figure 1. Gene maps of the mitogenomes of (a) A. hypoleucos, (b) L. semipalmatus, (c) L. limosa, and (d) N. arquata. Arrows indicate the orientation of gene transcription. PCGs are shown as blue-purple arrows, rRNA genes as green arrows, tRNA genes as pink arrows, and the control region as dark pink arrows. Ticks in the inner cycle indicate the sequence length. The black ring indicates the GC content (outward and inward peaks showing above-or below-average GC content, respectively). The purple ring indicates the GC skew.
Figure 4. The phylogenetic trees of family Scolopacidae constructed with mitochondrial genes (concatenated 13 protein-coding genes, 12S and 16S rRNA), using Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML). Numbers at nodes represent the Bayesian posterior probabilities and maximum likelihood bootstrap values, separated by "/".
Variation and evolution analysis of 13 PCGs in Scolopacidae.
Nucleotide composition and skew rate at different sites of codons in four species.
Structure and Phylogenetic Relationships of Scolopacidae Mitogenomes (Charadriiformes: Scolopacidae)
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June 2024

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47 Reads

Current Issues in Molecular Biology

Citation: Li, Q.; Jiang, P.; Li, M.; Du, J.; Sun, J.; Chen, N.; Wu, Y.; Chang, Q.; Hu, C. Structure and Phylogenetic Relationships of Scolopacidae Mitogenomes (Charadriiformes: Scolopacidae). Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2024, 46, 6186-6198. https://doi. Abstract: The family Scolopacidae presents a valuable subject for evolutionary research; however, molecular studies of Scolopacidae are still relatively understudied, and the phylogenetic relationships of certain species remain unclear. In this study, we sequenced and obtained complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from Actitis hypoleucos and partial mtDNA from Numenius arquata, Limosa limosa, and Limnodromus semipalmatus. The complete mtDNA contained 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and a control region. Scolopacidae contained three types of start codons and five types of stop codons (including one incomplete stop codon, TIn In 13 protein-coding genes, average uncorrected pairwise distances (Aupd) revealed that ATP8 was the least conserved while COX3 had the lowest evolutionary rate. The ratio of Ka/Ks suggested that all PCGs were under purifying selection. Using two methods (maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference) to analyze the phylogenetic relationships of the family Scolopacidae, it was found that the genera Xenus and Actitis were clustered into another sister group, while the genus Phalaropus is more closely related to the genus Tringa. The genera Limnodromus, Gallinago, and Scolopax form a monophyletic group. This study improves our understanding of the evolutionary patterns and phylogenetic relationships of the family Scolopacidae.

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Potential distribution patterns and species richness of avifauna in rapidly urbanizing East China

June 2024

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141 Reads

In recent years, increased species extinction and habitat loss have significantly reduced biodiversity, posing a serious threat to both nature and human survival. Environmental factors strongly influence bird distribution and diversity. The potential distribution patterns and species richness offer a conservation modeling framework for policymakers to assess the effectiveness of natural protected areas (PAs) and optimize their existing ones. Very few such studies have been published that cover a large and complete taxonomic group with fine resolution at regional scale. Here, using birds as a study group, the maximum entropy model (MaxEnt) was used to analyze the pattern of bird species richness in Jiangsu Province. Using an unparalleled amount of occurrence data, we created species distribution models (SDMs) for 312 bird species to explore emerging diversity patterns at a resolution of 1 km². The gradient of species richness is steep, decreasing sharply away from water bodies, particularly in the northern part of Jiangsu Province. The migratory status and feeding habits of birds also significantly influence the spatial distribution of avian species richness. This study reveals that the regions with high potential bird species richness are primarily distributed in three areas: the eastern coastal region, the surrounding area of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the surrounding area of Taihu Lake. Compared with species richness hotspots and existing PAs, we found that the majority of hotspots are well‐protected. However, only a small portion of the regions, such as coastal areas of Sheyang County in Yancheng City, as well as some regions along the Yangtze River in Nanjing and Zhenjiang, currently have relatively weak protection. Using stacked SDMs, our study reveals effective insights into diversity patterns, directly informing conservation policies and contributing to macroecological research advancements.


Total Hg (THg) concentration in feathers of different shorebird species along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway
Vertical red dashed lines show Hg toxicity thresholds14,77 from left to right, representing low risk (1.62 mg/kg), moderate risk (4.53 mg/kg), high risk (9.14 mg/kg), and severe risk (10.99 mg/kg). For each species, the number in parentheses indicates the sample size. Boxplots show median and 25% and 75% quartiles. Species are ranked by median feather THg concentrations. Scientific names can be found in Supplementary Data 1 and 2 (all species) and in Table 1. The x-axis is truncated at 18 mg/kg for clarity; one individual data point of 38.63 mg/kg from a Marsh Sandpiper is not shown.
Hg concentration in feathers based on model estimations vs. observed calculations
The number of observations used here was 742. Left: the estimated marginal means (log10 transformed THg concentration) for the region on the full model (logHg ~ Region + Habitat Preference + Foraging Stratum + Diet + (1|Species) + (1|Year)). Right: the observed means of total Hg concentration in feathers. The standard errors of both means are indicated by red horizontal bars. The blue vertical lines indicate the estimated 95% CI while the black vertical dash lines indicate the observed 95% CI.
Sampling sites along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway
1: Yalujiang; 2: Tiaozini; 3: Chongming Dongtan; 4: Yangkou; 5: Mai Po; 6: Leizhou; 7: Taylors Lagoon; 8: Coconut Well Beach; 9: Lake Eda; 10: Roebuck Bay; 11: 80 Mile Beach; 12: Beachport; 13: Canunda; 14: Nene Valley; 15: Brown Bay; 16: Port Phillip Bay; 17: Western Port; 18: Corner Inlet. Sites are numbered in order of latitude. Map layers were provided by Esri, FAO, NOAA, and USGS (ArcGIS Pro 3.0.2).
Mercury contamination is an invisible threat to declining migratory shorebirds along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway

May 2024

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248 Reads

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3 Citations

Communications Biology

Exposure to pollutants is a potentially crucial but overlooked driver of population declines in shorebirds along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway. We combined knowledge of moult strategy and life history with a standardised sampling protocol to assess mercury (Hg) contamination in 984 individuals across 33 migratory shorebird species on an intercontinental scale. Over one-third of the samples exceeded toxicity benchmarks. Feather Hg was best explained by moulting region, while habitat preference (coastal obligate vs. non-coastal obligate), the proportion of invertebrates in the diet and foraging stratum (foraging mostly on the surface vs. at depth) also contributed, but were less pronounced. Feather Hg was substantially higher in South China (Mai Po and Leizhou), Australia and the Yellow Sea than in temperate and Arctic breeding ranges. Non-coastal obligate species (Tringa genus) frequently encountered in freshwater habitats were at the highest risk. It is important to continue and expand biomonitoring research to assess how other pollutants might impact shorebirds.


Taxonomic Status and Phylogenetic Relationship of Family Charadriidae based on Complete Mitogenomes

October 2023

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73 Reads

Current Genomics

Background The Charadriiformes provide a good source for researching evolution owing to their diverse distribution, behavior, morphology, and ecology. However, in the Charadrii, family-level relationships remain understudied, and the monophyly of Charadriidae is also a subject of controversy. Method In the present study, we generated complete mitogenomes for two species, Charadrius leschenaultii and Charadrius mongolus, which were found to be 16,905 bp and 16,844 bp in length, respectively. Among the 13 protein codon genes, we observed variation in the rate of nonsynonymous substitution rates, with the slowest rate found in COI and the fastest rate observed in ATP8. The Ka/Ks ratio for all Charadriidae species was significantly lower than one, which inferred that the protein-coding genes underwent purifying selection. Result Phylogenetic analysis based on the genes of Cyt b, 12S and ND2 revealed that the genus Pluvialis is the sister group of three families (Haematopodidae, Ibidorhynchidae, Recurvirostridae). However, the phylogenetic analysis based on complete mitogenomes indicated that the genus Pluvialis is within the Charadriidae family. Conclusion This study highlights the importance of carefully selecting the number of genes used to obtain accurate estimates of the species tree. It also suggests that relying on partial mtDNA genes with fast-evolving rates may lead to misleading results when resolving the Pluvialis sister group. Future research should focus on sequencing more mitogenomes at different taxonomic levels to gain a better understanding of the features and phylogenetic relationships within the Charadriiformes order.


Population structure of Calidris alpina and separation of subspecies at a stopover on the intertidal mudflats of Jiangsu Province, China

April 2023

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37 Reads

Dunlin (Calidris alpina) is a polymorphic species with a complex of subspecies. A migration stopover site on the intertidal mudflats of Jiangsu Province, China, has a pivotal role in the migratory connectivity of dunlin along the East Asian–Australasian Flyway (EAAF). However, to date, the dunlin subspecies that visit the coast of China during migration remains uncertain. To determine the subspecies, an integrated approach based on mitochondrial DNA, ring recoveries, and morphological traits was used to analyze dunlins sampled at the Jiangsu stopover site. Alaskan and Beringian lineages were the two dominant lineages that migrated through Jiangsu, and the number of dunlins from the Alaskan lineage greatly exceeded that from other lineages. According to genetic analysis, the proportion of identified lineages was greater than 70%. At least four subspecies were detected in eastern Jiangsu Province, including C. a. actites, C. a. kistchinski, C. a. sakhalina, and C. a. arcticola. There were significant differences in morphological characters between years, suggesting that proportions of subspecies at the stopover varied over time and that different subspecies adopted different migratory strategies and timings. The findings of this study highlight the need to further consider how subspecies contribute to the composition of populations and migratory connectivity of dunlin.


Habitat distribution around Nanjing Lukou International Airport.
The abundance of bat species based on the bird strike identification.
Species overlap of birds among land covers and bird strike incidents, illustrated by a Venn diagram representing the number of species recorded. The colors represent different habitats, with overlapping colors representing common habitats. It is called intersection when multiple circles overlap each other, and represents the number of species in each habitat at the same time.
Species richness under each habitat and bird strike events, and comparison of differences with seasons using the Kruskal–Wallis test. The dots represent the average and the short lines represent the 95% confidence interval. Letters after the data represent the results of multiple comparisons, which were adjusted using the Bonferroni correction.
Species abundance under each habitat and bird strike events, and comparison of differences with seasons using the Kruskal–Wallis test. The dots represent the average and the short lines represent the 95% confidence interval. Letters after the data in the figure represent the results of multiple comparisons, which were adjusted using the Bonferroni correction.
Using DNA barcoding and field surveys to guide wildlife management at Nanjing Lukou International Airport, China Biodiversity ecology

April 2023

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143 Reads

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2 Citations

The conflicts between wildlife and aircraft have increased due to the development of the aviation industry. While many studies have quantified the relative hazards of wildlife to aircraft, few studies have combined DNA barcoding techniques with field surveys of bird communities in different habitats to reveal the exact species involved in bird strikes and how the habitat heterogeneity around airports affects bird communities and even the occurrence of bird strikes. Taking Nanjing Lukou International Airport in China as an example, based on the DNA barcoding technology and detailed field research, we establish the most commonly struck species, which can help managers identify the level of hazard and lead to meaningful reductions in hazards and costs associated with bird strike. The investigation of bird communities showed that there were 149 bird species recorded within an 8 km radius. There were 89, 88, 61, and 88 species in the woodland, wetland, farmland, and urban area, respectively. In total, 303 samples identified 82 species representing 13 orders and 32 family of birds from bird strike cases, of which 24 species were not found in the field survey. Passeriformes were the most common order of birds identified, with 43 species represented in 167 identifications. Skylark, Thrush, Shrike, Lapwing, and Swallow were most likely to cause damage or substantial damage to aircraft when strikes occurred. In addition to birds, we identified 69 bats individuals (accounting for 22.77%) using DNA barcoding. The Bray-Curtis similarity analysis revealed that species involved in bird strike had the highest similarity with urban area. Our findings suggest that policymakers should pay more attention to managing the wetlands and urban areas surrounding the airport. These findings imply that DNA barcoding can add to the environmental monitoring in airports, which can facilitate hazard management and improve air safety.


Potential Geographic Range of the Endangered Reed Parrotbill Paradoxornis heudei under Climate Change

April 2023

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109 Reads

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3 Citations

Biology

The phenomenon of global climate change can impact the geographic range and biodiversity, thereby heightening the vulnerability of rare species to extinction. The reed parrotbill (Paradoxornis heudei David, 1872) is endemic to central and eastern China, it is mainly distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Plain and the Northeast Plain. In this study, eight of ten algorithms of the species distribution model (SDM) were used to evaluate the impact of climate change on the potential distribution of P. heudei under current and future climate scenarios and to analyze the possible related climate factors. After checking the collected data, 97 occurrence records of P. heudei were used. The relative contribution rate shows that among the selected climatic variables, temperature annual range (bio7), annual precipitation (bio12), and isothermality (bio3) were the principal climatic factors to limit the habitat suitability of P. heudei. The suitable habitat for P. heudei is primarily concentrated in the central–eastern and northeast plains of China, particularly in the eastern coastal region, spanning a mere area of 57,841 km2. The habitat suitability of P. heudei under different representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios was predicted to be different under future climatic conditions, but all of them had a larger range than the current one. The species distribution range could expand by more than 100% on average compared with the current range under the four scenarios in 2050, while it could contract by approximately 30% on average relative to the 2050 range in 2070 under different climate change scenarios. In the future, northeastern China may serve as a potential suitable habitat for P. heudei. The changes in the spatial and temporal distributions of P. heudei’s range are of utmost importance in identifying high-priority conservation regions and devising effective management strategies for its preservation.


The location of the sampling points and landscape types at Nanjing Lukou International Airport (NLIA).
Species accumulation curves based on the samples of survey in different matrix types. The solid lines are the mean species accumulation curve (SAC), with shade areas representing their standard deviation from random permutations of the data. (a) Farmlands; (b) woodlands; (c) wetlands; and (d) urban areas.
Biodiversity metrics of bird communities in different habitats at Nanjing Lukou International Airport (NLIA). Boxplots with the same letter mean no significant difference after Kruskal‐Wallis test with the significance level set at α = 0.05. (a) SR: species richness; (b) Faith's PD: Faith's phylogenetic distance; (c) MPD: mean pairwise distance; (d) MNTD: mean nearest‐taxon distance; (e) FRic: functional richness; and (f) FDis: functional dispersion.
Biodiversity metrics of functional groups in different habitats at Nanjing Lukou International Airport (NLIA). Results are displayed by mean ± 95% CI (confidence interval). (a) SR: species richness; (b) MPD: mean pairwise distance; (c) MNTD: mean nearest‐taxon distance; and (d) FDis: functional dispersion.
Standardized effect sizes (SES) of phylogenetic and functional diversity and their 95% confidence intervals (with p‐values of one‐sample t tests) of bird communities in different matrix types at Nanjing Lukou International Airport (NLIA). SES.MPD is the standardized effect size of mean pairwise distance. SES.MNTD is the standardized effect size of mean nearest‐taxon distance. SES.MFD is the standardized effect size of mean pairwise functional distance. SES.FD.MNTD is the standardized effect size of mean functional nearest‐taxon distance. The gray dash line indicates that the SES value is equal to 0, which is the dividing line to determine whether the community structure is clustered or over‐dispersed.
The role of landscape in shaping bird community and implications for landscape management at Nanjing Lukou International Airport

January 2023

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207 Reads

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3 Citations

Understanding the patterns of bird diversity and its driving force is necessary for bird strike prevention. In this study, we investigated the effects of landscape on phylo-genetic and functional diversity of bird communities at Nanjing Lukou International Airport (NLIA). Bird identifications and counting of individuals were carried out from November 2017 to October 2019. Based on the land-cover data, the landscape was divided into four main types, including farmlands, woodlands, wetlands, and urban areas. Bird phylogenetic and functional diversity were strongly affected by landscape matrix types. Species richness and Faith's phylogenetic distance were highest in woodlands , while mean pairwise distance (MPD), mean nearest-taxon distance (MNTD), and functional dispersion (FDis) were highest in wetlands. Based on the feeding behavior , carnivorous birds had the lowest species richness but had the highest FDis, which implied that carnivorous birds occupied most niches at the NLIA. Moreover, bird assemblages exhibited phylogenetic and functional clustering in the four kinds of landscapes. A variety of landscape attributes had significant effects on species diversity, phylogenetic and functional diversity. Landscape-scale factors played an important role in the shaping of bird communities around NLIA. Our results suggest that landscape management surrounding airports can provide new approaches for policymakers to mitigate wildlife strikes. K E Y W O R D S airport, bird diversity, bird strike prevention, landscape attributes


Comparative Mitogenomics of True Frogs (Ranidae, Anura), and Its Implications for the Phylogeny and Evolutionary History of Rana

May 2022

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207 Reads

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5 Citations

Animals

The true frogs of the genus Rana are a complex and diverse group, containing approximately 60 species with wide distribution across Eurasia and the Americas. Recently, many new species have been discovered with the help of molecular markers and morphological traits. However, the evolutionary history in Rana was not well understood and might be limited by the absence of mitogenome information. In this study, we sequenced and annotated the complete mitochondrial genome of R. longicrus and R. zhenhaiensis, containing 22 tRNAs, 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNAs, and a non-coding region, with 17,502 bp and 18,006 bp in length, respectively. In 13 protein codon genes, the COI was the most conserved, and ATP8 had a fast rate of evolution. The Ka/Ks ratio analysis among Rana indicated the protein-coding genes were suffering purify selection. There were three kinds of gene arrangement patterns found. The mitochondrial gene arrangement was not related to species diversification, and several independent shifts happened in evolutionary history. Climate fluctuation and environmental change may have played an essential role in species diversification in Rana. This study provides mitochondrial genetic information, improving our understanding of mitogenomic structure and evolution, and recognizes the phylogenetic relationship and taxonomy among Rana.


Citations (38)


... To construct the model, based on previous studies and the habitat selection of the reed parrotbill [23,25,28,50], we considered the (1) geomorphological characteristics, (2) environmental factors, (3) intensity of human disturbance, and (4) bioclimatic factors, amounting to a total of 66 influencing factors. The geomorphological features included elevation, aspect, and slope. ...

Reference:

Protection of Passeriformes Birds in Wetland Ecological Restoration: A Case Study of the Reed Parrotbill (Paradoxornis heudei) in Baiyangdian
Potential Geographic Range of the Endangered Reed Parrotbill Paradoxornis heudei under Climate Change

Biology

... Jiangsu Province, which is adjacent to Zhejiang, serves as a crucial stopover and molting site for Spoon-billed Sandpiper species [17,49]. Tiaozini, Yangkou, and Dongling were the three primary sites for this purpose [50]. In contrast with Jiangsu Province, where information on this species is relatively abundant, there is limited documentation of its presence in Zhejiang [44]. ...

Numbers of Spoon-billed Sandpipers in Jiangsu Province, China, during the post-breeding moult in relation to recent changes in the intertidal zone
  • Citing Article
  • June 2021

Wader Study

... Salah satu cara untuk menciptakan pelayanan operasional yang maksimal adalah dengan menciptakan keamanan bandara yang baik (Ball, 2023;Mańkowska, 2023;Tjahjono, 2023). Keselamatan dan ketertiban sangat penting ketika merencanakan pelayanan yang baik (Arcúrio, 2023;Guan, 2023;Huang, 2023;Yuan, 2023). Dalam rangka memenuhi tugas dan fungsi kegiatan yang ada, Bandar Udara Adi Soemarmo Surakarta telah membentuk beberapa divisi, dinas, maupun unit pelayanan untuk mengelola tugas pengelolaan, salah satu unit tersebut adalah Apron Movement Control (AMC). ...

The role of landscape in shaping bird community and implications for landscape management at Nanjing Lukou International Airport

... Investigating genetic diversity and determining the spatial distribution of amphibian species are of paramount significance for their conservation. The genetic variation in the genus Rana has received extensive attention (Kim et al., 1999;Zhan et al., 2009;Zhou et al., 2012;Chen et al., 2022). Currently, habitat degradation or loss, illegal capture, and environmental pollution are the most serious threats to amphibians in China (Jiang et al., 2016). ...

Comparative Mitogenomics of True Frogs (Ranidae, Anura), and Its Implications for the Phylogeny and Evolutionary History of Rana

Animals

... These characteristics are similar to other lark mitogenomes published in the past, such as A. arvensis [26] and Melanocorypha mongolica [27]. Similar to other avian mitogenomes [72][73][74], the A + T content was higher than the G + C content in either the whole or every partition of mitogenomes (PCGs, tRNAs, rRNAs, Similar to other avian mitogenomes [72][73][74], the A + T content was higher than the G + C content in either the whole or every partition of mitogenomes (PCGs, tRNAs, rRNAs, and CRs). The highest A + T content was found in CR2, ranging from 67.1% in A. cheleensis to 79.2% in E. alpestris. ...

Five new mitogenomes sequences of Calidridine sandpipers (Aves: Charadriiformes) and comparative mitogenomics of genus Calidris

... Ensemble predictions were binarized (i.e., suitable versus unsuitable cells), for both present and future projections, using a suitability value of 0.7 as threshold. Later, we used the BIOMOD_RangeSize function to count the number of stable, lost and gained suitable cells by comparing suitable habitats under current and future climate conditions (Datta et al., 2020;Guisan et al., 2017;Guo et al., 2021;Thuiller et al., 2022). All analyses were performed in R software version 4.2.2 (R Core Team) and followed standard protocol for reporting SDMs (Zurell et al., 2020). ...

Species distribution models for predicting the habitat suitability of Chinese fire-bellied newt Cynops orientalis under climate change

... It is worth highlighting that Xichang and Haiwei-Yangwu in Guangxi, China, were found to support a population of spoon-billed sandpipers (n = 8) exceeding 1% of its global population estimate. Using the most conservative 1% estimate, thus 4 individuals instead of 8 for spoon-billed sandpipers (Green et al., 2021), the number of sites qualified as internationally important remains the same. But an additional seven sites (Bailangtan, Shanxinsha Island, Haiwei-Yangwu, Shaluoliao, Danzhou Bay, Xuan Thuy NP and An Hai IBA) should be considered as important to the conservation of this species. ...

New estimates of the size and trend of the world population of the Spoon-billed Sandpiper using three independent statistical models
  • Citing Article
  • April 2021

Wader Study

... Hu et al. [16] analyzed the mitochondrial control region and 12 microsatellite markers to study the genetic structure of wild boar in the Qinling Mountains (China), a major geographical and ecological barrier for plants and animals. The levels of genetic diversity they found were lower than those of the total population in East Asia but higher than in the European population. ...

Spatial Genetic Structure and Demographic History of the Wild Boar in the Qinling Mountains, China

Animals

... All trackers and harnesses used weighed less than 5% of the bird's body weight, with an overall average of 3.2 AE 0.7% (n = 16). Trackers were fitted to waterbirds either with leg-loop harnesses or by a glue-on method (Thaxter et al. 2014;Chan et al. 2016;Chang et al. 2020). Trackers could record about 100 GPS location fixes daily when the charging conditions were good (e.g. ...

Post-breeding migration of adult Spoon-billed Sandpipers
  • Citing Article
  • October 2020

Wader Study Group Bulletin

... SDMs typically use machine-learning algorithms to characterise the distribution of a species in geographical and environmental space, and have been adopted widely in ecology and conservation (Jennings and Veron 2015, Peterson et al. 2017, DeMatteo et al. 2017, Freeman et al. 2019. These tools can be used by conservation practitioners to estimate the most suitable areas for a species, infer the probability of presence in regions where no systematic surveys are available/possible, and identify previously unknown areas of habitat that should be investigated further for the species' presence (Elith et al. 2011, Freeman et al. 2019, Bradfer-Lawrence et al. 2021. ...

Modelling the potential non-breeding distribution of Spoon-billed Sandpiper Calidris pygmaea

Bird Conservation International