Qi Hao's research while affiliated with National Research Council Canada and other places

... First attempts to include the IEC-61499 based approaches for achieving dynamical reconfiguration may be found in [9,10], where the conceptual models for reconfiguration and integration of planning, scheduling and function block based control execution are discussed. Some research efforts are trying to combine the low level control based on IEC-61499 function blocks with the upper level control based on the holonic or multi-agent approach [11], [12]. ...

... The historical data of previous years can be analyzed to forecast future demand. This also helps in predicting the machine's failure and communicating with the responsible operator to fix it proactively before failure occurrence [8,9]. This system allows collecting the accurate information of ongoing manufacturing tasks, whereas in traditional manufacturing, manufacturers can manipulate and falsify the production status. ...

... Xu et al. (2005) concluded that the most effective approach is the coordination and integration of intercompany activities by using information technology and, in particular, web-based supply chain management, taking into account its affordability for all kinds of companies. Furthermore, the use of a multi-agent architecture seems to be one of the most promising approaches to implement distributed environments such as supply chain networks (Hao et al., 2006;Kumari et al., 2013). In particular, some authors (Bruccoleri et al., 2005) propose the use of a multi-agent approach for handling exceptions in production environments. ...

... FB realised the packaging of a specific function, and the workflow could be quickly organised by FB configured. FB is widely used in CNC machining (Wang, Hao, and Shen 2007;Mourtzis et al. 2016 andAdamson, Wang, andMoore 2017). FSM emphasises state transfer and workflow execution, and it not only details the state transfer rule, but is also good at workflow adjustment and extension Wang 2021 andSouthier et al. 2022). ...

... The IPPS problem is an extension of the flexible job shop scheduling (FJSP) problem, as both the job shop scheduling (JSP) problem and the FJSP problem are NP-hard problems [8]. The IPPS problem is more complex and difficult to solve because it is more flexible, with various process plans for each component [9], and because it considers multiple objectives for simultaneous optimization. Traditional exact methods cannot effectively solve largescale scheduling problems in an acceptable period of time [10][11][12]. ...

... We focus here on papers covering both aspects of adaptation and security. They are presented in a top-down view according to the security level they refer to: theoretical aspects ( [2], [3]), application and service level ( [4], [5]), protocol level ( [6]), algorithm level ( [7]), and primitives level ( [8], [9]). ...

... These services can be configured publishing to certain levels of details; therefore the coordination is restricted to certain patterns. The detailed description of three coordination modes can be found in ( Hao et al., 2003). ...

... It becomes more complex when considering multiple manufacturing resources, integration of process planning and scheduling, and dynamic situations in shop floors [51]. Within the past two decades, researchers have applied agent technology in attempts to resolve the manufacturing process planning and scheduling problems [52].In fact, this represents one of the most active research topics on agentbased manufacturing. ...

... First attempts to include the IEC-61499 based approaches for achieving dynamical reconfiguration may be found in [9] [10], where the conceptual models for reconfiguration and integration of planning, scheduling and function block based control execution are discussed. Some research efforts are trying to combine the low level control based on IEC-61499 function blocks with the upper level control based on the holonic or multi-agent approach [11], [12]. ...

... Empirical Classes of Articles ("A" or "B" or "C") [13] Agent Empirical Classes of Articles ("A" or "B" or "C") [44] Multi-Agent System An internet enabled framework integrating manufacturing management issues on inter- enterprise, and shop floor levels Empirical Classes of Articles ("A" or "B" or "C") [61] Multi -Agent System Agile and reconfigurable dynamic scheduling system based on a generic agent Industry 4.0 concepts is hinged on the adoption of geometrical advancement in information technology and collaboration for the purpose of establishing manufacturing enterprise having the ability and potency of self-awareness, self-prediction, self-comparison, self-reconfiguration and self- maintenance [80]. Schuh et al [81] opined that the levers of industry 4.0 in the concept of collaboration are: a) high resolution real time communication for obtaining timely sourced real time data; b) large scale simulation assessment of impact action on alternatives optimization of chosen criteria; c) self-forming system-of-system for adhoc linkage of dispersed resources; d) end -to end standardization of reporting for instating consistent objectives throughout the entire system; e) virtual representations of physical objects for collaboration in the absence of barriers to the physical world; f) automatic control and pre-processing of data for unburden employees from routine activities to put focus on policymaking; and g) organization drift and manufacturing plan towards Industry 4.0 will only be enabled by higher levels of collaboration within and outside the manufacturing cycles [81]. ...