Priya Singh’s scientific contributions

Background: Diagnosis of carcinomatous cells in peritoneal and pleural effusions is important for staging procedures and resulting therapeutic decisions. Various methods are available like routine smears, cell blocks, liquid based cytology etc. for cytological diagnosis. Difficulties are often faced to detect site of primary in carcinomatous effusions due to overlap in the morphologic features from various sites. Various ancillary studies have been used to increase the diagnostic accuracy of cytology. Immunocytochemical analysis is the most commonly used "special" technique and often involves the use of a panel of antibodies. Neoplasms of breast, lung is most common cause of carcinomatous pleural effusion in females and males respectively. Most common primary neoplasms causing carcinomatous peritoneal effusions in females are carcinomas of ovary and in males common sites of carcinomatous effusion include colon, rectum and stomach. The aim of this study is to immunocytochemically evaluate carcinomatous peritoneal effusions in females using cell block. Materials and Methods: Study included 850 cases of effusion in one and a half years of which 50 (5.9 %) were positive for malignancy. Most patients were in age group of 40-3402 60 years, Cell blocks were made of effusion fluids and immunocytochemical markers Calretenin,CK 7, CDX-2,WT-1,PAX-8 were used. Results: 44 cell blocks (88%) were adequate in terms of cellularity and malignant cells. Out of 44 , 38 were peritoneal fluids. 35/38 (92%) were concluded as ovarian primary, 03/38 (8%) as gall bladder primary. All the cases showed positivity for CK7, none of them showed positivity for Calretenin ruling out possibility of mesothelioma. We concluded the positivity of WT-1 in 18 out of 35 cases (51.42 %) with a sensitivity of 51.4 %, specificity of 100 %, PPV of 100 %, NPV of 34.6 %. PAX-8 was positive in 25 out of 35 cases (71.43 %) with a sensitivity of 71.43 %, specificity of 100 %, PPV of 100 %,NP V of 47.37 %. On combining WT-1 and PAX-8 the sensitivity increased to 74.29 %, specificity of 100 %, PPV of 100 %, NPV of 50 %. Conclusion: PAX-8 is more sensitive marker than WT-1 for peritoneal effusion with ovarian primary. Sensitivity further increases on combining both the markers. CDX-2 were positive in all the 3/3 cases of Gastrointestinal tract with Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV of 100 %.

Background: India is a high incidence region for gallbladder carcinoma accounts for 9-11% burden of gall bladder carcinoma worldwide. The incidence is high in North India, NorthEast , Central and Eastern India, and least common in West and South India. However, the incidence is equally rise in both genders. North Indian population shows female predominance for gall bladder carcinoma. The advanced disease present with symptoms of right upper quadrant pain and having poor prognosis. Gall bladder carcinoma in India 50-60 years population is more prone as compared to the western population. In Indian population gallstones are present in 70-80% and increases risk of chronic mucosal injury, atrophy, metaplasia, dysplasia and carcinoma of gall bladder. Other risk factors are elder patient, low socioeconomic background, infection of Salmonella enterica (S. Typhi), adulterated of mustard oil, exposure to pollutants, chemicals, heavy metals and pancreatobiliary maljunction. Lifestyle modification of the urban population and better accessibility to healthcare centre to manage gall stones appropriately. Material and method: In a setup of case control study of 18 months. All the newly diagnosed patients of gall bladder lesions in Era' were included for histopathological examination with observational findings. Result: A total of 56 cases of gall bladder lesions were enrolled in the study, based on histological diagnosis 28 cases of cholelithiasis were classified as benign lesions (50.0%) and rest of the cases were classified as Malignant lesions (50.0%). Demographic information of all the subjects was obtained and laboratory investigations were done which were recorded on a separate. Conclusion: Early diagnosis of gall bladder lesion or polyp by radiological and histopathological investigation will help to reduced gall bladder carcinoma related mortality.

Background: India is a high incidence region for gallbladder carcinoma accounts for 9-11% burden of gall bladder carcinoma worldwide. In the recent years, in order to understand the pathogenesis and progression of gall bladder cancer in a better way, emphasis is being laid on assessing its link with various molecular and genetic markers. Material and Method: In this case control study we target that on the co-expression of CD97, CD55 and CCK-AR for any diagnostic and prognostic significance in the Gall bladder cancers with Grade and Staging. Expression of CD97, CD55 & CCK-AR with in all non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions of gall bladder was evaluated and compared. Out of all cases expression of CD97, CD55 & CCK-AR was significantly higher in malignant cases as compared to benign cases. Results: Expression, intensity and score of CCK-AR were found in order mucinous adenocarcinoma, papillary adenocarcinoma and adenocarcinoma respectively. Conclusion: Out of 56 cases expression of CD97, CD55 & CCK-AR was significantly higher in malignant cases as compared to benign cases. Expression, intensity and score of CCK-AR were found in order mucinous adenocarcinoma, papillary adenocarcinoma and adenocarcinoma respectively.