Piet Rietveld’s research while affiliated with Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and other places

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Publications (645)


Figure 1: Demand for public transport in the scenarios.
The four cases compared.
Financial performance of Dutch public transport in 1993.
Financial performance of public transport in the scenarios.
Level of service impacts of the subsidy-free scenarios (RS=100).
European Transport \ Trasporti Europei n. 32 (2006): XX-XX Subsidies in public transport
  • Article
  • Full-text available

February 2023

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127 Reads

European Transport/Trasporti Europei

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Piet Rietveld

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Jorine Koelemeijer

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The pricing of public transport may range from charging the full price to supplying it for free. The present situation in most European countries is between the two extremes implying a partial cost recovery. In this paper we will explore both extremes on the axis of cost recovery: free public transport, and public transport without subsidies. We start with a discussion of free public transport, and give a short survey of the intentions governments may have with its introduction. After this short survey we discuss in more detail the experiences with free public transport in four real world cases, two from Belgium and two from the Netherlands: the city of Hasselt, the Brussels region (for students), the Leiden-The Hague bus corridor, and free public transport for students in The Netherlands. Then we discuss the other extreme: public transport without subsidies. We start with a short overview of the financial performance of the Dutch public transport systems and an analysis of the impacts of measures to improve the benefit-cost ratios. Then the effects of subsidy suspension in the Netherlands are estimated by developing two scenarios that describe opposite extremes in the hypothetical situation that no subsidies are granted to public transport operators and comparing the outcomes with a reference scenario where continuation of subsidies is assumed. The paper concludes with a discussion of the merits and problems of both pricing policies: free public transport and public transport without subsidies.

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Resilience toward Volcanic Eruptions: Risk Perception and Disaster Microinsurance in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

August 2021

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140 Reads

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1 Citation

Sustainability

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Piet Rietveld

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[...]

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Wouter Zant

Disaster microinsurance has been argued to enhance people’s resilience toward natural hazards. In developing countries, however, the uptake of this insurance scheme has been limited. This paper investigates the influence of the perception of disaster risks on the probability of local people participating in a hypothetical disaster microinsurance scheme. We use household data to assess a specific disaster risk, notably the risk of an eruption of the Mount Merapi in Yogyakarta. We find that this perception positively influences the interest to participate in disaster microinsurance. We also find that insurance literacy has a strong positive relationship with the respondent’s interest to participate in disaster microinsurance.


Figure 2. Relationship between the distribution of employment in urban regions, and mean commuting distances (Brotchie et al. 1996)
Real costs of maritime transport (1910=100)
International transport costs in Eurocents per tonkm, in prices of 1990
Exports as a percentage of GDP at world level
Generalized costs of passenger transport by road per km and maximum
TRANSPORT COSTS, LOCATION AND THE ECONOMY

October 2020

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2,944 Reads

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3 Citations

Economic activities and welfare are distributed anything but even in space. The explanation of the spatial pattern of dispersion and concentration rests on a combination of physical-geographical factors and the systematic impact of transport costs. Historically, transport costs have put their stamp on the spatial economic structure of cities, countries and continents. But in real terms the transport costs have been falling for a long time. Some even claim that the role of transport costs has come to an end, implying the ‘death of distance’. Economic activities would have become footloose, implying the emergence of widely dispersed location patterns. However, many economic activities are characterized by strongly concentrated patterns, and that means that this conclusion is premature. Besides, there is no guarantee that the constant decrease in transport costs will continue. Systems of roads, railways and airports are experiencing bottlenecks in various parts of the world and this may well lead to an increase of transport costs in the future. Investments to overcome the bottlenecks are huge, and this calls for a critical analysis of the various effects of these investments.


Second-Degree Price Discrimination and Intergroup Externalities in Airline Routes Between European Cities

February 2020

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55 Reads

This paper presents a model of second-degree price discrimination and intergroup effects. Consumer heterogeneity is assumed on both a horizontal and a vertical dimension, while various distinct market structures, some of which include low-cost carriers (LCCs), are considered. We theoretically show that the rivalry among full-service carriers (FSCs) usually reduces the distance between business and leisure fares. The rivalry with an LCC increases this distance causing a reduction of leisure fares and, possibly, an increase of business fares. We test these implications using data concerning the early stage of low-cost entry in Italy on European routes. The empirical results largely support our theoretical findings.




Figure 1: Immigration and age categories, on average, from 2001 to 2010 in the Netherlands Source: CBS 2013
Figure 2: Higher professional education alumni immigrant/native, wages and supply by age category
Figure 3: Natives and immigrants age and gross salary (in euros per month)
Figure 4: Quantile regression for first- and second-generation migrants
Wage gaps between native and migrant graduates of higher education institutions in the Netherlands

October 2017

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254 Reads

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7 Citations

Letters in Spatial and Resource Sciences

In the Netherlands the share of immigrants in the total population has steadily increased during recent decades. The present paper takes a look at wage differences between natives and migrants who are equally educated. This reduces potential skills biases in our analysis of wages. We apply a Mincer equation in estimating the wage differences between natives and migrants. We analyse only young graduates; the conventional human capital factor cannot explain the differences in monthly gross wages. Therefore, we have to look further into “otherness” factors, such as parents’ roots, to find an alternative explanation. Our empirical results show that acquiring Dutch human capital, such as Dutch-specific skills, language, and even integration in the long-term for first-generation migrants, and for a group of second-generation migrants with a non-OECD background, do not overcome wage differences in the Dutch labor market. Furthermore, age structure also plays a role in the payment of different wages in the labor market due to an age discrimination effect: immigrants who invest in their education at later age earn lower wages.




Traffic incidents in motorways: An empirical proposal for incident detection using data from mobile phone operators

May 2016

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223 Reads

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17 Citations

Journal of Transport Geography

This paper proves that mobile phone usage data is an easy to use, cheap and most importantly, reliable predictor of motorway incidents. Using econometric modelling, this paper provides a proof of concept of how mobile phone usage data can be utilised to detect motorway incidents. Greater Amsterdam is used here as a case study and the results suggest that mobile phone usage data can be utilised for the development of an early warning system to support road traffic incident management.


Citations (82)


... The software element explains the rationale behind autonomous car initiatives by software corporations, but it also highlights the need for common international frameworks, first to test such vehicles and then to make them available for public use. Coordinating diverse objectives and at the same time meeting wider policy targets arises as future challenges [17,40]. ...

Reference:

The autonomous car—a blessing or a curse for the future of low carbon mobility? An exploration of likely vs. desirable outcomes
Amalgamating ICT with sustainable transport – building on synergies and avoiding contradictions
  • Citing Chapter
  • May 2015

... A fundamental shift in mobility patterns in recent years is strongly related to innovations in transport supply and services, as well as in the technical and digital devices that have revolutionized "shared mobility" and motorized vehicle use, countering any scenario of decline in automobility (Newman & Kenworthy, 2011). According to several authors (Gössling, 2018;Hoppe, Christ, Castro, Winter, & Seppänen, 2014;Thomopoulos, Givoni, & Rietveld, 2015), the diffusion of electric and automatic vehicles, combined with the new ICT solutions, facilitate automobility by identifying the fastest route, the main services and supply (i.e. the closest electric charge station, the next available parking space, etc.). ...

Introduction: transport and ICT
  • Citing Chapter
  • May 2015

... Some studies highlight the role of area factors, as well as the familiarity of historical distresses, on people's perception of exposure to risk in disasters related to environmental danger incidents. When the wealth of a family is negatively changed by a disaster, then this household will feasibly developed more risk of burden, whereby insurance may play a part to prevent negative impact of tragedies [11] including for families with chronic kidney disease. ...

Resilience toward Volcanic Eruptions: Risk Perception and Disaster Microinsurance in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Sustainability

... It should also be taken into account that tourism in recent decades has had negative impacts that undermine spaces for coexistence and sociability, due to the excessive increase in tourist flows [24][25][26]. In the past, tourism was strongly accelerated by the arrival of trains and planes [27]. Currently, climate change is generating serious consequences in archaeological areas, representing a direct or indirect threat that could endanger the survival of tourism activity [28,29]. ...

Economic Impacts of Tourism: A Meta-analytic Comparison of Regional Output Multipliers
  • Citing Chapter
  • May 2017

... Transportation cost has impact on economy, continent and countries (Oosterhaven and Rietveld, 2005). Omotosho (2019) developed Keynesian new model to monitor the effect of global oil price on retail price and found out that under subsidy, the tendency for inflation to decrease and exchange rate depreciates in the short run. ...

TRANSPORT COSTS, LOCATION AND THE ECONOMY

... Another strand of literature examined the economic implications of regulatory measures aimed at mitigating the aviation industry's environmental impact. The literature highlighted economic consequences of emissions reduction policies and emphasizes the regulatory frameworks which regulates the balance environmental aspects with economic considerations (Schipper & Rietveld, 2018). This research also investigated the complexities in the surrounding for the implementation of market-based mechanisms, such as emissions reduction and their impact on airlines' economic performance (Ding et al., 2024). ...

Economic and environmental effects of airline deregulation
  • Citing Chapter
  • August 2018

... Whereas the need for discerning with precision between the impacts generated by a policy or a project in the short-term and those produced by this policy or project in the long-term is clear and evident to almost anyone, there is little consensus on the priority level to assign to these two categories of impacts. This, for instance, is clearly demonstrated by the long-standing debate over discounting procedures in CBA (Ponti, 2003;El-Haram and Horner, 2008;Koopmans and Rietveld, 2013) and, more generally, by the multiple divergent viewpoints on the topic of sustainable development and intergenerational equity (for an overview of this topic refer to Van Pelt, 1993 andMunda, 1995). ...

Long-term impacts of mega-projects: The discount rate
  • Citing Chapter
  • November 2013

... ABMs are elegant tools for addressing the complex, non-linear behavior of urban systems. Alternative urban simulation approaches rely on a set of fixed methods and assumptions (Koomen, Vasco, Dekkers, & Rietveld, 2012 ), including cellular automata (Barredo, Demicheli, Lavalle, Kasanko, & McCor mick, 2004; Clarke, Hoppen, & Gaydos, 1997; He, Okada, Zhang, Shi, & Zhang, 2006), Markov chain models (Haibo, Longjiang, Hengliang, & Jie, 2011; Wu et al., 2006), spatial logistic regression (Hu & Lo, 2007), rule-based models (Shi, Sun, Zhu, Li, & Mei, 2012; Tayyebi, Pijanowski, & Pekin, 2011), evolution trees (Wang et al., 2012), and multi-agent models ( Fang, Gertner, Sun, ⇑ Corresponding author. Address: Berlinerstrasse 48, Institute for Geography, Heidelberg, Germany. ...

A utility-based, multi-sector framework for local scale land-use modelling

... Among travelling mode options, coefficients of 'Drive alone' are − 0.001 and significant using these four different spatial weight matrices, implying that driver behaviour, habit and personal characteristics are important factors that need to be addressed in order to scale up the EV uptake. As noted in Egbue and Long (2012) and Bockarjova et al. (2013), users' behaviour and attitude played an important role in EV uptake. ...

Adoption of Electric Vehicle in the Netherlands - A Stated Choice Experiment
  • Citing Article
  • January 2013

SSRN Electronic Journal