Peter E. Hart's research while affiliated with New York State and other places
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Publications (49)
A new system architecture is described that shares certain characteristics with database systems, expert systems, functional programming languages, and spreadsheet systems, but is very different from any of these. It is based on a uniform use of side-effect-free functions that represent facts and knowledge in a nonprocedural programming system. Dat...
A computer program that uses artificial intelligence techniques has successfully identified the location of a porphyry molybdenum
deposit. Given geological maps of readily available predrilling exploration data for Mount Tolman in Washington State and
using rules obtained from a porphyry molybdenum exploration specialist, the program (called PROSPE...
In this paper we describe some major new additions to the STRIPS robot problem-solving system. The first addition is a process for generalizing a plan produced by STRIPS so that problem-specific constants appearing in the plan are replaced by problem-independent parameters.
The general problem of drawing inferences from uncertain or incomplete evidence has invited a variety of technical approaches, some mathematically rigorous and some largely informal and intuitive. Most current inference systems in artificial intelligence have emphasized intuitive methods, because the absence of adequate statistical samples forces a...
Prospector is a computer consultant system intended to aid geologists in evaluating the favorability of an exploration site or region for occurrences of ore deposits of particular types. Knowledge about a particular type of ore deposit is encoded in a computational model representing observable geological features and the relative significance ther...
Rule-based inference systems allow judgmental knowledge about a specific problem domain to be represented as a collection of discrete rules. Each rule states that if certain premises are known, then certain conclusions can be inferred. An important design issue concerns the representational form for the premises and conclusions of the rules. We des...
The general problem of drawing inferences from uncertain or incomplete evidence has invited a variety of technical approaches, some mathematically rigorous and some largely informal and intuitive. Most current inference systems in artificial intelligence have emphasized intuitive methods, because the absence of adequate statistical samples forces a...
Computer based consultants are systems that incorporate specialized bodies of knowledge and make this knowledge conveniently available to users who are not computer experts. This paper summarizes initial progress on a computer based consultant project aimed at helping a novice mechanic work with electromechanical equipment. We describe some propert...
A major theme in artificial intelligence research has been the quest for methods for common-sense reasoning about actions and their effects. Such methods, when implemented as computer programs, are called automatic problem solvers, and are the subject of this papers.
In this paper we describe some major new additions to the STRIPS robot problem-solving system. The first addition is a process for generalizing a plan produced by SFRIPS so that problem-specific constants appearing in the plan are replaced by problem-independent para. meters. The genera!ized plan, stored m a convenient format called a triangle tabl...
The report describes activities during the most recent year of a program of research in artificial intelligence. During the year a number of experiments were conducted with an existing system for the control of a robot that autonomously plans, learns, and carries out tasks in a real laboratory environment. Designs for a new robot system were also e...
Our paper on the use of heuristic information in graph searching defined a path-finding algorithm, A*, and proved that it had two important properties. In the notation of the paper, we proved that if the heuristic function ñ (n) is a lower bound on the true minimal cost from node n to a goal node, then A* is admissible; i.e., it would find a minima...
Hough has proposed an interesting and computationally efficient procedure for detecting lines in pictures. This paper points out that the use of angle-radius rather than slope-intercept parameters simplifies the computation further. It also shows how the method can be used for more general curve fitting, and gives alternative interpretations that e...
In this paper we describe some major new additions to the STRIPS robot problem-solving system. The first addition is a process for generalizing a plan produced by STRIPS so that problem-specific constants appearing in the plan are replaced by problem-independent parameters. The generalized plan, stored in a convenient format called a triangle table...
The report gives a concise description of the topics covered in our surveys of two major aspects of artificial intelligence: problem solving and pattern recognition. The survey of problem solving gives separate treatment to three main approaches, the state-space, problem-reduction, and formal-logic approaches. The survey of pattern recognition cove...
This paper describes an experimental computer program that analyzes pictures taken in a simple, but nevertheless real-world, robot environment. The analysis proceeds by building up, step by step, a partial line drawing representation of a digitized television picture. An interesting feature of the system is an executive program that uses detailed k...
Although the problem of determining the minimum cost path through a graph arises naturally in a number of interesting applications, there has been no underlying theory to guide the development of efficient search procedures. Moreover, there is no adequate conceptual framework within which the various ad hoc search strategies proposed to date can be...
The results of three experiments with Highleyman's hand-printed characters are reported. Nearest-neighbor classification is used to explain the high error rates (42 to 60 percent) obtained obtained general statistical procedures. An error rate of 32 percent is by by preceding piecewise-linear classification by edge-detecting preprocessing. The mini...
The work described in this paper is part of a larger effort aimed at the recognition of hand-printed text. In a companion paper, Munson describes the scanning of the text, and the preprocessing and tentative classification of individual characters. In this paper, we describe techniques for using context to detect and correct errors in classificatio...
Citations
... By creating a hyperplane with the greatest distance between any two points, SVM classifies data [41]. SVM's decision surface is as follow. ...
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... For both classification and regression, results were validated with repeated stratified 10-fold cross validation [30] (with 10 repetitions) and the average obtained performance is reported. ...
... Stroke is one of the leading causes of adult mortality worldwide, affecting 6.2 million people each year [49]. As a result, significant research has been conducted in order to facilitate better and more accurate stroke detection [50,51]. The stroke dataset is composed of 4900 observations recorded for 4692 healthy subjects and 208 patients, and it has ten attributes such as gender, age, various diseases, and smoking status. ...
... Use of nonmetric information extraction or AI methods allows the computer to analyse data perhaps better than people. The benefits of using AI for image analysis involve the use of expert systems that place all the information contained within an image in its proper context with ancillary data and then to extract valuable information (Duda, Hart & Stork, 2001). ...
... These classification methods were selected for their simplicity, robustness, and abilities to fit highdimensional data for binary classification problems, such as the ones proposed in this study (Varmuza and Filzmoser, 2016). LDA is a linear probabilistic classifier that receives an input feature vector and based on the value of the discriminant function, f(), the sample is assigned to class C 1 if f()≥ 0 and to class C 2 otherwise (Bishop, 2006;Duda et al., 2012). K-nearest Neighbour (KNN) is a non-parametric classification technique where each sample point is assigned to a specific class based on its distance to the nearest points within the feature space (Bishop, 2007;Duda et al., 2012). ...
... 163 Facebook 'wants to make its Messenger app the go-to place for people to have conversations with brand's virtual ambassadors'. 164 Facebook has created the wit.ai bot engine, which allows brands to train bots with sample conversations and have these bots continually learn from customer interactions. 165 Giselle Abramovich claims that chatbots are probably 'the most common AI-powered customer service application today … To date, bots have predominantly been used to provide search and discovery and product recommendations'. ...
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... There are three types of machine learning: unsupervised, supervised, and semi-supervised. In unsupervised learning, which is the focus of the code in this article, the algorithm identifies natural correlations and classes within the uploaded data with no reference to any outcomes [37]. There are many different types of unsupervised machine learning algorithms; k-means, hierarchical clustering, and principal component analysis, to name a few [38,39]. ...
... Unfortunately, this particular statement, which is similar to others we have encountered elsewhere, has no factual basis. [19] Dendral's team even suggested that the lack of feedback they got from users was an indication of successful use (rather than -as most producers of programs would realise -a lack of use of the program) by writing: ...
... The k-NN classifier [70], [71] is a simple non-parametric supervised classification method [72]. This method, which has a wide range of applications, is also included in sleep stage classification studies [73]. ...
... The use of FIS in exploration of deposits is also not a new idea. This method was developed by different scientists [6,[50][51][52]. However, the data used in this work was selected according to relevance with respect to the porphyry copper exploration criteria. ...
