Peggy A. Thoits's research while affiliated with Indiana University Bloomington and other places

... Undoubtedly, parent advocates' key motivations about their involvement in peer support work stemmed from the desire to empower families to achieve better outcomes. Similar to peer workers in former studies (Th oits, 2021;Vandewalle et al., 2018), a few parent advocates did identify employment opportunities and learning new skills on the job, although these were not the driving motivations behind doing peer support work. Unlike prior fi ndings (Th oits, 2021; Vandewalle et al., 2018), which highlighted peer workers' other extrinsic motivations such as negative prior work experiences or engaging in peer support work because of free time, these themes were not mentioned by advocates in our study. ...

... Here come into play over time both the subjective and collective aspect of the wealth of well-handled situations, of difficulties which have been overcome, of techniques learned and improved, but also of feedback received, of models imitated, of comparisons with more experienced colleagues, of sharing a certain culture of animation, of strengthening the sense of belonging to one's own group/association, the awareness of a role that over time is consolidated and finds wide appreciation even outside one's own environment. As illustrated in other studies, over time experiences help shape the role identity of the hospital volunteer and define any variations in the "salience" of the role, which in turn contribute significantly to the intention to retain or leave the activity [66][67][68]. ...

... However, the mobilisation and receipt of social support also includes action by similar others, who do not necessarily form part of primary groups. To the contrary, the relationship established with these similar others is based not so much on confidence but on the existence of shared experiences (Thoits 2020). In the case of older adults, this group would include neighbours and people participating in secondary and/or community groups created on the basis of experiences of the ageing process. ...

... Emotional and cultural capital represents the sociology of culture and emotions related to an employee's feelings at the workplace (e.g., Brooks & Nafukho, 2006;Cottingham, 2016;Zembylas, 2007). Emotional capital is considered macro-structure aspects, including social order, social disparity, and social stability to advance research (Thoits, 2004). Reay (2004) contended that emotional capital does not list a distinguished capital alone until it has developed a comprehensive theoretical understanding of other capital types. ...

... Therefore, labeling theory suggests that the label itself contributes to subsequent crime by creating a negative self-concept, promoting negative coping behaviors, blocking educational and career opportunities, or interfering with the development of prosocial bonds (Bartusch & Matsueda, 1996;Duxbury & Haynie, 2020;Perry, 2011;Thoits, 2016;Thoits & Link, 2016). Empirical tests of labeling theory have indeed shown that formal mental health labeling and criminal justice labeling are negatively related to well-being and positively related to offending (Liberman et al., 2014;Lopes et al., 2012;Thoits, 2021). To assess the impact of mental health labels, however, it is important to include controls for mental health symptoms since they are expected to have their own distinct effects on crime, via what we collectively refer to as the stress process. ...

... There are situations in which a highly prominent identity may not be enacted because the situation is "closed" to the performance of that identity. Conversely, a salient identity may be played out in a situation but not highly valued because the situation requires its enactment (Thoits, 2020). For example, a manager may be compelled to enact her dominant identity at work even though she does not highly value being a dominant person. ...

... As people age and suffer many losses, their social networks also shrink. This reduces the amount of social resources available to cope with stress in old age (Thoits, 2012). In this way, people with limited social networks have an increased risk of depression in later life. ...

... 26 Although marriage may not necessarily militate against the onset of mental illness in partners, meaningful spousal support may promote resilience and could present as a potential protective factor against mental health challenges among persons in marital relationships. 27 For PLHIV, having a supportive spouse is critical to promoting resilience in the face of mental health challenges. 28 The key finding that PLHIV without formal education (compared to those with tertiary education) are at increased odds of experien- ...

... There is now a growing body of international research on the identities of children and young people. Most of these studies focus on personal identities and discuss the role of cultural influences in shaping hybrid or multiple identities ( Jones and McEwen 2000;Burke et al. 2003;Ross 2007; Smith and Leavy 2008). The concept of identity can be applied not only to individuals but also to organisations. ...

... In one's social network, those relationships hold a key relevance in the form of being a source of support (Antonucci, 2001). Social network members provide aid, affect, and affirmation that have beneficial effects (Antonucci et al., 2019;Thoits, 1982). Bereavement or deaths of close loved ones, whether it This document is copyrighted by the American Psychological Association or one of its allied publishers. ...