Pavel Kukučka’s scientific contributions

In the recent years, increased attention is paid to monitoring of displacements and deformations of building structures, their construction parts, natural terrain, landslides and other slope deformations, as well as physical factors that affect stability, functional and operational reliability of objects. Monitoring is focused on the evaluation of those geological factors (geofactors), which unfavourably affect the overall quality of the environment and indirectly endanger health of the population and even their lives. The present article highlights the state of geological factors of the part of monitored area of the Dargovských hrdinov housing estate in relation to the geodetic survey of observed points by the GNSS technology, using the method of static measurement. The results of geodetic monitoring and monitoring of geofactors in individual epochs of data collection are subsequently graphically visualized for better clarity.

The given article addresses 2D processing of a deformation network measured using Global Navigation Satellite Systems in part of the Dargovskych Hrdinov housing estate. In order to perform deformation analyses and their comparison, two stages of measurement were performed using single-frequency as well as double-frequency measurement receivers. Experimental measurements were taken using the static method by permanent observation at selected observed and reference points of the deformation network. The geodetic network in both stages was processed using the Gauss-Markov model with full rank and using the least square method whilst observations were tested and the results of performed deformation analyses were graphically visualised using relative confidence ellipses on the basis of a positional and altitudinal plan.

At present, manufacturers characterize the accuracy of vectors measured by the static method of GNSS technology using relationship 5 mm + 1·D ppm. The advantage of the GNSS system over other terrestrial technologies is that it is not affected by uncertainties in the ground layers of the atmosphere. The paper presents experimental measurement of the 3D geodetic network using the technology of global navigation satellite systems, processing and analysis of measurements taken at the Čierny Váh pumping hydropower station. Observations were carried out in July 2008. The aim of the paper is to assess parameters used in the model to estimate parameters of the first and second order of the network structures.

In this paper, the deformation analysis of the Dargovských hrdinov housing estate using global navigation satellite systems is described. Theoretically, it deals with the reasons of formation of slope deformations, the ways of their measurement, and with the recent development and availability of GNSS. Particular attention is paid to the description of the deformation analysis technique, beginning with working out the project, locating by the GNSS, up to processing and testing of the deformation network. The practical part is based on the theoretical knowledge and describes the measurement procedure, the equipment used, working methodology and testing of the bonding network. Based on the results obtained by the deformation analysis, the paper offers information about the recent condition of the investigated area.

This article addresses the adjustment of a 3D geodetic network in the Dargovských Hrdinov suburbs using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) for the purposes of deformation analysis. The advantage of using the GNSS compared to other terrestrial technology is that it is not influenced by unpredictability in the ground level atmosphere and individual visibilities between points in the observed network are not necessary. This article also includes the planning of GNSS observations using Planning Open Source software from Trimble as well as subsequent observations at individual network points. The geodetic network is processing on the basis of the Gauss-Markov model using the least square method and robust adjustment. From robust methods, Huber's Robust M-estimation and Hampel's Robust M-estimation were used. Individual adjustments were tested and subsequently the results of analysis were graphically visualised using absolute confidence ellipsoids.