Paulette Brazeau's research while affiliated with University of Toronto and other places

... Work-related situations identified by ambulance staff as potentially traumatic include severely injured or dead children, traumatic or tragic deaths, threats or violence against the ambulance staff, situations when the prehospital care failed or did not work as planned, situations highlighted by media, and situations where the ambulance staff identified with the victims or family. [3][4][5] Studies show that ambulance staff experience between one and five selfassessed traumatic events during their careers 5 and that there is a risk for acute stress reactions, posttraumatic stress syndrome, and other kinds of emotional disturbances. [4][5][6][7] Individual coping strategies among ambulance staff and expressed desire for support have been described. ...

... Moreover, there is a lack of qualitative cross-cultural research in ambulance personnel. Qualitative studies which have been conducted in single country samples are informative, suggesting that critical events involving the death of a patient can cause ambulance personnel significant distress but are not events they feel able to disclose and discuss with others [18][19][20]. A qualitative approach could be particularly beneficial for helping to explain the variation in rates between ambulance personnel in different countries. ...

... This study observed that knowledge and literacy were linked to reduced psychological distress, likely by improved management techniques and greater access to social support services (23). Social withdrawal and signs and symptomatic symptoms described above produced an atmosphere that adversely impacted personal interactions and intensified the feeling of alienation and withdrawal (24). To handle this, paramedics specifically had challenges and blame others such as their close friends (25)(26). ...

... Not all groups of migrants are negatively affected during the acculturation stage. For example, post traumatic adaptation and psychological health has been known to improve with departure from the conflict among war zone immigrants residing in Toronto [101]. ...

... What is essential for us to understand IPSV is establishing how it differs from other forms of intimate partner and sexual violence. Earlier studies have shown that intimate partner perpetrators may pose a particular risk to their partners in terms of the severity of the sexual assaults [12]. Sexual assaults committed by intimate partners are characterized by more serious physical violence and accompanied by more severe forms of coercion than in cases of stranger or known non-intimate partner sexual assaults [12]. ...

... These situations go along with physical, psychological, and emotional stress. Subsequently, rescue workers are at higher risk for experiencing strong negative emotions (e.g., fear, worry), and disturbed sleep or concentration (e.g., Van Der Ploeg and Kleber, 2003;Benedek et al., 2007;Halpern et al., 2009;Donnelly et al., 2016), which in turn promotes the development of physical and mental health problems. Indeed, the more often rescue workers are confronted with traumatic events on duty, the higher is their risk of clinically significant and often comorbid depressive and post-traumatic symptoms as well as physical complaints (Teegen and Yasui, 2000;Fullerton et al., 2004;Benedek et al., 2007;Berger et al., 2012;Donnelly, 2012;Razik et al., 2013;Fjeldheim et al., 2014;Wild et al., 2016;Skeffington et al., 2017). ...

... Though it is known that work-related stress is due to job demands and has a clear relationship with organizational commitment and turnover, the meaning of how job demands influence organizational commitment in this field is under-researched. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Organizational commitment can be described in terms of desire-based (affective commitment), obligation-based (normative commitment), and costbased (continuance commitment). 9,10 To improve organizational commitment, organizations must understand the factors that influence them in the workplace. ...

... They found that the risk of post-traumatic stress and depressive symptoms increased significantly if a paramedic reported experiencing symptoms of an acute stress reaction, such as disturbed sleep, irritability, social withdrawal, or a racing heart -particularly if these symptoms persisted for more than one night . Halpern and colleagues' related research explored the features of emergency calls that make the incident 'critical' for the paramedics (Halpern et al., 2009b) and also examined what organizational supports are most meaningful to paramedics after experiencing a critical incident (Halpern et al., 2009a;Halpern et al., 2014); more about both later. ...

... Research on refugee students in Canada indicates good educational outcomes in Canadian Schools (Stermac, Brazeau, & Martin, 2008;Stermac, Clark, & Brown, 2013;Stermac, Elgie, Dunlap, & Kelly, 2010;Wilkinson, 2002). Programs and services supporting refugee youth in Canada within the education system have been found effective in facilitating overcoming common challenges faced in the learning environment (Young & Chan, 2014). ...

... They found that the risk of post-traumatic stress and depressive symptoms increased significantly if a paramedic reported experiencing symptoms of an acute stress reaction, such as disturbed sleep, irritability, social withdrawal, or a racing heart -particularly if these symptoms persisted for more than one night . Halpern and colleagues' related research explored the features of emergency calls that make the incident 'critical' for the paramedics (Halpern et al., 2009b) and also examined what organizational supports are most meaningful to paramedics after experiencing a critical incident (Halpern et al., 2009a;Halpern et al., 2014); more about both later. ...