Pallawi Baldeo Sangode’s research while affiliated with Symbiosis Institute of Telecom Management, Symbiosis International University and other places

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are the mainstay of the Indian manufacturing sector and contribute significantly to the country’s economy. The recent emergence of the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0/I4.0) promises many advantages and future competitiveness for industries through real-time control over information with vertical and horizontal integration across the supply chain. However, there is a sheer number of road-blocks for adopting industry 4.0 technologies, especially in the SME context of developing countries like India. This study examines factors preventing Indian manufacturing SMEs from adopting industry 4.0 technologies. Fourteen obstacles were uncovered in a thorough literature study and analyzed using Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) to examine their interrelationships. Inputs from five decision-makers from Indian SMEs having more than twelve years of industrial experience were taken. Indian manufacturing SMEs struggle to implement Industry 4.0 technology due to a lack of financial resources, top management backing, and scepticism about projected advantages and returns on investments. TOPSIS helps rank these hurdles. The top three barriers are “Lack of established examples, policies, and standards,” “Scepticism about expected benefits from investing in Industry 4.0 technologies,” and “Perception that new technologies may quickly become obsolete.”

In the fourth industrial revolution, digital technologies are being utilized to construct efficient and sustainable dairy farms by combining various technology and resources. It is now more important than ever to embrace innovation and developing technologies in order to tackle the current global concerns by automating and modernizing the operations. However, the industry faces challenges in adopting new technologies, such as limited access to advanced technologies, inadequate infrastructure and a knowledge deficit among farmers. This article gives an overview of the evolution of dairy 4.0 from dairy 1.0. in resonance with the evolution of Industry 4.0. This is a review paper that investigated past literatures to identify the components of Dairy 4.0 that are supportive to sustainable innovation. The Indian dairy industry has transformed significantly due to technological advancements, including automation, precision farming and Industry 4.0 systems. The results show that robotics, 3D printing, artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, big data and blockchain are among the core facilitating technologies of Dairy 4.0. These innovations improve production, efficiency and milk quality, while also aiding breeding, herd management and sustainability. However, ongoing investment in technology infrastructure is necessary to ensure maximum production and productivity.