PAUL RAYMOND’s research while affiliated with Hartwick College and other places

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Publications (2)


Presidential support during the Iran-Contra affair: An individual level analysis of presidential reappraisal
  • Article

October 1989

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20 Reads

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9 Citations

American Politics Research

JON HURWITZ

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PAUL RAYMOND

The great majority of analyses of presidential support utilize aggregate data and, consequently, are not appropriate for the analysis of individual-level changes in support in response to events within an administration. Using National Election Studies panel data, we investigate presidential support both before and after the major revelations of the Iran-Contra affair to determine the reasons behind the erosion of President Reagan's support base and the characteristics of individuals who did, and did not, adjust their views of the president subsequent to the revelations. While Reagan maintained his image of integrity, respondents did downgrade his competence; his performance was most seriously questioned by those disapproving of his Central American policy.


Hurwitz Peffley Raymond 1989 APR Presidential support during the Iran-Contra affair
  • Article
  • Full-text available

October 1989

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38 Reads

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2 Citations

American Politics Research

The great majority of analyses of presidential support utilize aggregate data and, consequently, are not appropriate for the analysis of individual-level changes in support in response to events within an administration. Using National Election Studies panel data, we investigate presidential support both before and after the major revelations of the Iran-Contra affair to determine the reasons behind the erosion of President Reagan's support base and the characteristics of individuals who did, and did not, adjust their views of the president subsequent to the revelations. While Reagan maintained his image of integrity, respondents did downgrade his competence; his performance was most seriously questioned by those disapproving of his Central American policy.

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Citations (1)


... For instance, a number of studies conclude that the significant fall in President Nixon's approval ratings during 1973 to 1974 was caused by his involvement in the Watergate scandal (Sniderman et al., 1991;Yaffee, 1999;Yaffee and McGee, 2000). This relationship was also observed with regard to President Reagan and the Iran-Contra affair (Brody, 1991;Brody and Shapiro, 1989;Hurwitz et al., 1989;Krosnick and Kinder, 1990) as well as for other scandals during the Reagan and Bush presidencies (Bowler and Karp, 2004;Chanley et al., 2000) -but not for Clinton's Lewinsky scandal (Smyth and Taylor, 2003;Zaller, 1998). In addition, political scandals have more than once corrupted presidential images in terms of, for example, competence, honesty, credibility and morality (Arterton, 1974;Brody, 1998;Dennis and Webster, 1975;Hawkins et al., 1975;Hogan, 2003;Hurwitz et al., 1989;Jaros and Shoemaker, 1976;Joslyn, 1977;Joslyn and Galderisi, 1977;Krosnick and Kinder, 1990;Lupfer and Kenny, 1974;Robinson, 1974). ...

Reference:

The Impact of Political Scandals on Political Support: An Experimental Test of Two Theories
Presidential support during the Iran-Contra affair: An individual level analysis of presidential reappraisal
  • Citing Article
  • October 1989

American Politics Research