Oman Sukmana’s scientific contributions

During the research 913 scientific publications downloaded from the Scopus database were analyzed, using the search keywords “Social protection” OR “Elderly” AND “COVID-19”. The results show that the number of published articles related to this topic increased in the period between 2020-2024. The most frequently discussed thematic network maps include topics such as: COVID-19, adult, age, pandemic, global health, culture, and coronavirus. Globally, there are several countries with collaborative networks in studying social protection for the elderly in the post pandemic, such as: the United States, South Africa, France, Singapore, China, Ghana, and Spain. Future recommendations are seen to expand the thematic network and collaborative network between countries, especially with developing countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. The findings of this research is intended to be used as a reference for policymakers and researchers in designing research programs and formulating more comprehensive social protection policies. Recommendations for future research indicate the importance of expanding the study of contemporary issues and themes related to social protection for the elderly. Broader research can cover aspects such as mental health, economic resilience, and socio-cultural impacts, thus providing a comprehensive picture of the needs of the elderly.

This research aims to examine issues and research focus related to work stress experienced by workers in their work environment. Data was collected from Scopus with the keywords “Job Stress” AND “Work environment”. Documents tracked through the Scopus database have criteria ranging from 2020-2024 with the subject area psychology, document type article, and language English. 238 scientific publication articles were obtained and then analyzed using VOSviewer software to identify topic trends, collaborations and research developments. The research results show that studies regarding Job Stress are divided into three major theme nodes, namely human, adult, and psychology. Job Stress itself is included in the sub-themes within three big themes. There are other sub-themes such as bullying, burnout, anxiety, leadership, ageing, biomechanism, cross-sectional studies, employee, and absenteeism. This research can be a reference for researchers who will be able to research more deeply existing sub-themes or create new sub-themes in accordance with the development of a dynamic work environment. Apart from that, this research can also be a reference for other stakeholders such as organizations or institutions to know and pay attention to how the concept of job stress creates worker welfare in various sectors.

Purpose of the study: This study aims to analyze this phenomenon through a qualitative, literature-based approach, using Jeffrey Winters' political oligarchy theory as an analytical framework. Methodology: This study uses a qualitative approach based on literature analysis. This study uses the theory of political oligarchy developed by Jeffrey Winters as the main analytical framework. The analysis process is carried out through three main stages. Main Findings: The results of the study show that the increasing number of single candidates is a manifestation of the strengthening of the power of political oligarchy, where political elites control the electoral mechanism to maintain power. However, the victory of the empty box in several regions indicates public resistance to the limitations of political choices and candidates who are considered not to meet expectations. This phenomenon has an impact on the quality of democracy and the legitimacy of local government, as well as being a warning of the need for political system reform to create a more inclusive and competitive democracy. Novelty/Originality of this study: Research on the Empty Box Phenomenon in the 2024 Election reveals manifestations of public resistance to political oligarchy, which reflects public dissatisfaction with the dominance of certain political forces and shows the potential for change in the dynamics of general elections at the regional level.

Marlojong adalah tradisi kawin lari dalam masyarakat Batak Angkola yang terjadi ketika pasangan tidak mendapatkan restu keluarga atau menghadapi kendala ekonomi dan adat dalam pernikahan mereka. Praktik ini umumnya dilakukan sebagai jalan keluar bagi pasangan yang tidak dapat memenuhi tuntutan adat, seperti pembayaran mahar yang tinggi atau prosesi pernikahan yang kompleks. Meskipun Marlojong sering dianggap sebagai pelanggaran terhadap norma sosial dan adat, dalam banyak kasus, praktik ini akhirnya mendapat restu setelah dilakukan perundingan keluarga untuk menjaga keharmonisan sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisis wacana kritis untuk memahami faktor penyebab, persepsi masyarakat, dan dampak sosial Marlojong. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor utama penyebab Marlojong adalah penolakan orang tua, beban ekonomi dalam pernikahan adat, serta kehamilan di luar nikah. Masyarakat memiliki pandangan beragam; ada yang menolak karena dianggap mencemarkan nama baik keluarga, tetapi ada pula yang memandangnya sebagai solusi dari peraturan adat yang ketat. Dampak sosial Marlojong meliputi ketegangan dalam keluarga, stigma sosial, serta potensi ketidakharmonisan rumah tangga. Untuk mengurangi praktik ini, diperlukan komunikasi yang lebih baik antara anak dan orang tua, penyederhanaan biaya pernikahan adat, serta fleksibilitas aturan adat agar lebih sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman.

Purpose of the study: The main objective of this study is to understand and evaluate the results of the implementation of New Public Management on the transformation of organizational culture in local government. Methodology: This study uses a qualitative approach. The research design used is a case study design. The population in this study includes local government employees involved in the implementation of NPM and organizational culture transformation. Sample selection was carried out through purposive sampling techniques. Main Findings: The findings show a cultural shift from procedure-oriented to outcome-oriented, supported by decentralization of decision-making and increased employee participation. However, resistance to change and resource constraints remain significant challenges. The study highlights leadership commitment, effective communication, and locally tailored policies as critical factors in successful transformation. Novelty/Originality of this study: This research contributes to the public management literature and offers practical insights for improving the quality of public services.

This study aims to explore the contribution of the Social Forestry (SF) Program in Sustainable Forestry Awards (PROKLIM) in 11 villages in Kapuas Hulu and Sintang, West Kalimantan Province. The focus of the research involves villages that have received PROKLIM awards from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MoEF), with the hope that the findings can guide similar implementations in other locations. These villages are the target villages of the FIP-1 Project, which is a collaboration between the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MoEF) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB). The research methods used were case studies and literature studies, with a descriptive analysis approach. The results show two important aspects: first, there is a significant link between the SF program and PROKLIM assessment criteria, indicating that the existence of SF can positively support and facilitate PROKLIM assessment. Second, of the 15 villages facilitated to apply for PROKLIM, five villages achieved the MAIN PROKLIM Award, four of which had social forestry groups, while ten villages achieved the MADYA PROKLIM with all villages getting social forestry approvals. The research conclusions highlight the need for future PROKLIM development strategies. Such strategies include encouragement of climate-friendly economic activities, partnership building, market development, and community capacity building. The implications of this research can serve as a foundation for interested parties, including the government and related institutions, in designing more effective policies to support social forestry and sustainability efforts in the context of PROKLIM in the West Kalimantan region.

Penelitian ini menganalisis rendahnya partisipasi perempuan di Sumatera Utara melalui perspektif kritis Julia Kristeva, dengan fokus pada konsep abjeksi, semiotik, dan simbolik, serta membandingkan profil keterwakilan perempuan secara lokal, nasional, dan global. Kajian ini mengidentifikasi hambatan budaya, norma sosial, dan stigma yang menghalangi perempuan dalam mengakses posisi strategis meskipun telah ada regulasi, seperti Instruksi Presiden Nomor 9 Tahun 2000 dan UU Nomor 2 Tahun 2008. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan data sekunder dari BPS Sumatera Utara, laporan pemerintah daerah, dan literatur akademik, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa norma sosial dan struktur simbolik yang kuat menjadi kendala utama dalam partisipasi perempuan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pendekatan holistik melalui edukasi publik, perubahan pola pikir sosial, dan kebijakan yang lebih inklusif guna meningkatkan peran perempuan dalam pembangunan

Laju Village has been recognized as a conflict-prone area due to various past social conflicts, including a major conflict with Tolouwi Village. This conflict not only caused significant financial losses but also resulted in casualties, making it the most serious incident compared to previous conflicts. In this context, understanding conflict resolution mechanisms is crucial for maintaining social stability in the region. This study aims to analyze the role of social capital in resolving conflicts between Laju Village and Tolouwi Village. The research employs a qualitative approach, with research subjects consisting of key stakeholders, such as community leaders and government officials. The object of the study focuses on the conflict resolution mechanisms applied in social interactions between the two villages. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources to provide a comprehensive understanding of conflict dynamics and resolution efforts. The findings indicate that the conflict between Laju Village and Tolouwi Village can be resolved through the utilization of social capital embedded within the community. This social capital includes social institutions, mutual trust, and established social networks. Furthermore, strong relationships fostered through various social and economic activities, such as agriculture, livestock farming, business, and kinship ties formed through intermarriage, have proven to be key factors in achieving peace and reconciliation. The implications of this study emphasize that social capital can serve as an effective instrument in mitigating conflicts and strengthening social harmony in rural communities. Therefore, efforts to enhance social networks and build trust among community members should be continuously pursued as a preventive strategy against potential future conflicts.

The transformation of rural spaces into tourism destinations often reshapes the identity of local communities and their interaction with physical and social landscapes. This study examines the evolving subject identity within the growing spatial context of Sidomulyo Village, known for its flourishing flower market. Employing a qualitative case study approach, this research explores how tourism development has influenced the socio-cultural, economic, and spatial dimensions of the village. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis to identify key factors shaping identity construction. Findings reveal that the village's transition to a tourism hub fosters both opportunities and challenges, with local identity being negotiated between traditional agricultural roots and emerging market demands. The study contributes to broader discourses on rural tourism development, spatial dynamics, and community identity, offering insights into sustainable practices for balancing growth with cultural preservation.

Efforts to achieve social welfare must be organized through social welfare movements by encouraging the participation of communities and social organizations. This study examines the implementation and processes of the social welfare movement conducted by Persyarikatan Muhammadiyah in Malang City, East Java, as a model of macro social work practice. Using a qualitative method with a case study approach, the research involved four administrators of the Muhammadiyah Regional Leadership in Malang City, selected purposively as subjects. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, then analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana. The findings reveal that the implementation of the social welfare movement is influenced by organizational factors, leadership, resources, networks, community participation, strategies, and movement objectives. Persyarikatan Muhammadiyah has effectively provided social services, education, healthcare, and community empowerment to address various social issues. This study recommends that the government develop social welfare movement programs involving collaboration with community organizations, provide accurate data on social welfare organizations as strategic partners, and ensure, through Commission VIII of the Indonesian Parliament (DPR RI), that social welfare programs are implemented systematically, effectively, and efficiently. Furthermore, formal regulations should guarantee the active involvement of community organizations in the development of social welfare programs.AbstrakUpaya mewujudkan kesejahteraan sosial perlu dilakukan secara terorganisir melalui gerakan kesejahteraan sosial dengan mendorong partisipasi masyarakat dan organisasi sosial. Penelitian ini menggambarkan implementasi dan proses gerakan kesejahteraan sosial yang dilakukan oleh Persyarikatan Muhammadiyah di Kota Malang, Jawa Timur, sebagai model praktik makro pekerjaan sosial. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan pendekatan studi kasus, penelitian ini melibatkan empat pengurus Pimpinan Daerah Muhammadiyah Kota Malang yang dipilih secara purposif sebagai subjek. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi gerakan kesejahteraan sosial dipengaruhi oleh faktor organisasi, kepemimpinan, sumber daya, jaringan, partisipasi masyarakat, strategi, dan tujuan gerakan. Persyarikatan Muhammadiyah telah berhasil memberikan layanan sosial, pendidikan, kesehatan, dan pemberdayaan masyarakat untuk mengatasi berbagai masalah sosial. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan agar pemerintah menyusun program gerakan kesejahteraan sosial yang melibatkan kolaborasi dengan organisasi masyarakat, menyediakan data yang akurat terkait organisasi gerakan kesejahteraan sosial sebagai mitra strategis, serta memastikan, melalui Komisi VIII DPR RI, bahwa program kesejahteraan sosial dilaksanakan secara sistematis, efektif, dan efisien. Selain itu, perlu ada regulasi formal yang menjamin keterlibatan aktif organisasi masyarakat dalam pembangunan program kesejahteraan sosial.