Ola Salih Ali’s scientific contributions

Background, microbes like Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) have significantly influenced public health, especially in women, resulting in birth anomalies that were too frequent in Kirkuk city. Patients infected with SARS-CoV-19 are more likely to develop this illness. This research aimed to examine the association between COVID-19, CMV, and T.gondi and to evaluate changes in the patient's level of Interleukin-6 (IL-6). Setting: The observational cross-section study was applied to two groups, study group 162 with positive for 2nCovid-19 and control 50 individuals with negative for novel Covid. Methodology: ELISA kits were set for assessing T.gondii and CMV, both IgG and IgM antibodies, while a cassette test (ELISA+ fluorescence) was applied for detecting IL-6. Results: The overall rate of 76.74% for CMV was higher than 45.93% for T.gondii. Immunoglobulin M rates were 16.27 % for T.gondii versus 20.34 for CMV. Meanwhile, T.gondii IgG was 29.65 % in contrast to 56.39 % for CMV, P<0.05. The relationship was significant according to age, sex of individuals, and the incidence of T.gondii, CMV. The mean value of IL-6 in females was 38.98 Pg/ml versus 37.10 Pg/mL in sera of males compared to control below 7 Pg/ml. The high mean level of IL-6 was 80.6 in females and 70.57 Pg./mL in males, recorded among patients aged 51 to 60 compared to 8.66 Pg/mL in patients aged 10 to 20 years, P<0.05. A positive correlation was seen between Toxo IgM and CMV IgM versus a negative correlation between IgG antibodies. The positive link is exerted between IL-6 and CMV IgM only. Conclusions: the rates of T.gondii and CMV among patients positive for Covid 19 were high. Co-infection of COVID and CMV in females and the elderly had a substantial impact on the immune system, in particular, IL-6.

Background: After February 2020, SarsnovelCovid-19 became pandemic; therefore, Iraqi people were implicated in this enigma. Rubella infection in women in Kirkuk Provence as Bad Obstetric History (BOH) was more common. Suspecting co-infection for these two viruses' infections and the changes in the women's body like Vitamin D, Calcium, Magnesium, and other biochemical changes. Aims: this current study was carried on to assess and grant that. Setting: a cross-sectional observational study on 154 women of childbearing age with approved SARS n-covid-19 by real-time PCR was enrolled as a test group. Versus 45 women negative for covid with previous BOH were taken as a control group, and their ages ranged from 15 to 50 years. Methodology: Rubella IgM and IgG antibodies using ELISA kits were used for each woman. Vitamin D3, Parathyroid hormone (PTH) ELISA kit also used. For determining serum Calcium, Magnesium, and Phosphorus, routine spectrophotometry biochemical kits were tested. Results: The rate of Rubella infection was 77.92% IgG, contributed to 77.92 % of Rubella IgM versus 72.27 %. Controversy to the following rates 35.56 % and 8.88% of IgG and IgM respectively, P<0.05.

A B S T R A C T Introduction Intestinal parasitic infections was still a critical problem in developing countries particularly in Iraq in three last decades where continuous wars upon it disrupted the infrastructure of Iraq, that lead to poor sanitary conditions and lack of information resulted in International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 08 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Intestinal parasites in association with gastroenteritis in Kirkuk city was recently reported among diabetic patients. To measure the incidence of parasitic infections depending on positive and negative rates in addition to stool components and types of gastroenteritis as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) were investigated. A total of 419 patients were selected the gastroenteritis clinics in two Hospitals Kirkuk center. Their complaints were gastrointestinal disorders (GITDs), such as diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea altered by constipation. The collected stool samples were examined for parasitological tests. Direct double wet preparations were performed for each stool sample then confirmed by flotation technique. In addition to modified Ziehl-Neelsen that applied for fecal smears for demonstrating the oocysts of Cryptosporiduim parvum. From the overall positive rate 82.81% for intestinal parasitic infections, only 62 patients with the rate14.79 % were diabetic patients positive for the following parasites: Blastocystis hominis 35.48 %, Giardia lamblia 25.80 %, Entamoeba histolytica 17.74 %, Cryptosporidium parvum12.90 and 6.45%helminthic infections which involve Hymenolpis nana and Strongyloides stercoralis. According to the type of the gastroenteritis; female stool samples exert high rates of cryptosporidiosis, giardiasis high rates during IBS, while the high rate of helminthic infections was recorded in males, P<0.05. Relationships between parasites incidences in regard of types of gastroenteritis, diarrhea existence, patients gender, ages, patient occupations, stool color, consistency, stool pH ranges and stool samples odor were significant, P<0.05. The picture of gastroenteritis among diabetic patients accompanied with hypertension was serious especially in patients with IBS and the rate of intestinal infections was high 24.19 %, p<0.05 Incidence of intestinal parasites among diabetes mellitus patients was high particularly among elderly patients. The picture of parasitic infections was serious particularly with invasive parasites and during hypertension.

Intestinal parasites in association with gastroenteritis in Kirkuk city was recently reported among diabetic patients. To measure the incidence of parasitic infections depending on positive and negative rates in addition to stool components and types of gastroenteritis as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) were investigated. A total of 419 patients were selected the gastroenteritis clinics in two Hospitals Kirkuk center. Their complaints were gastrointestinal disorders (GITDs), such as diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea altered by constipation. The collected stool samples were examined for parasitological tests. Direct double wet preparations were performed for each stool sample then confirmed by flotation technique. In addition to modified Ziehl-Neelsen that applied for fecal smears for demonstrating the oocysts of Cryptosporiduim parvum. From the overall positive rate 82.81% for intestinal parasitic infections, only 62 patients with the rate14.79 % were diabetic patients positive for the following parasites: Blastocystis hominis 35.48 %, Giardia lamblia 25.80 %, Entamoeba histolytica 17.74 %, Cryptosporidium parvum12.90 and 6.45%helminthic infections which involve Hymenolpis nana and Strongyloides stercoralis. According to the type of the gastroenteritis; female stool samples exert high rates of cryptosporidiosis, giardiasis high rates during IBS, while the high rate of helminthic infections was recorded in males, P<0.05. Relationships between parasites incidences in regard of types of gastroenteritis, diarrhea existence, patients gender, ages, patient occupations, stool color, consistency, stool pH ranges and stool samples odor were significant, P<0.05. The picture of gastroenteritis among diabetic patients accompanied with hypertension was serious especially in patients with IBS and the rate of intestinal infections was high 24.19 %, p<0.05 Incidence of intestinal parasites among diabetes mellitus patients was high particularly among elderly patients. The picture of parasitic infections was serious particularly with invasive parasites and during hypertension.

Background: Intestinal amoebiasis due to Entamoeba histolytica in association to gastroenteritis in Kirkuk city was recently reported. Objective: To measure fecal calprotectin (FC) also during intestinal amoebiasis. The relation between Ent.histolytica and gastroenteritis was investigated. Methodology: A total of 419 patients attend to the gastroenteritis clinics in two Hospital Kirkuk center. They suffer from gastrointestinal disorders (GITDs), such as diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea altered by constipation. The collected stool samples were tested for: parasitological tests and fresh portion was extracted for fecal calprotectin using ELISA technique. Blood samples were tested for some hematological tests. For each stool sample direct double wet preparations were performed then confirmed by flotation technique. Overnight extracted fecal sample was tested for FC using ELISA-copro kit. Neutrophil count and white blood cells were calculated using samples using automated machine. Results: A total of 82.81 % of parasitic infection was recorded, and Entamoeba histolytica contributed rate was 24.85 %.Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) due to intestinal amoebiasis were highly recorded among patients aging from 31to 40 years (74.34 %) followed by 71.42 % among patients aging from 11 to 20 years. Compare to high rate in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients aging from 41 to over than 60 years old. Samples from females positive for Entamoeba histolytica in relation to IBD and IBS exert significance compare to males. Fecal calprotectin positive level above than 50 ng/ml was recorded in 50 stool samples versus to 37 negative mean levels as Fc was below 50 ng/ml. Frequency of FC positive was higher among females than males. Leucopenia and neutrophilia were dominant among positive FC samples contrary to normal neutrophil count among FC negative samples. High rate 59.22 % of stool sample pH was ranged from 6.1 to 7. Conclusions: Entamoeba histolytica rate is high among patients with gastroenteritis particularly among IBD patients. ELISA Fecal calprotectin is good marker for detecting the injury caused by the parasites to the host.