Oksana Popadynets’s research while affiliated with Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University and other places

120 жінок. У групу дослідження (ГД) включено 80 пацієнток із діагнозом безпліддя, які мали в анамнезі перенесений ПКС. Групу контролю (ГК) становили 40 жінок із безпліддям, але без перенесеного COVID-19. В обох групах здійснювали забір зразків слизової оболонки матки в середній стадії проліферативної та секреторної фаз (у різні періоди менструального циклу), після чого проводили патоморфологіч-ні та електронно-мікроскопічні дослідження. Результати. Під час середньої проліферативної фази у жінок із безпліддям та перенесеним ПКС гістологічно визна-чалися візуально стоншені пласти ендометрію (р = 0,032). Субмікроскопічно у зразках пацієнток ГК виявлено актив-ні мітотичні процеси в епітелії ендометріальних залоз, збереження війок клітин та наявність включення глікогену; у стромальному компоненті спостерігалися численні фібробласти. У пацієнток ГД виявлено вакуолізацію епітеліоцитів, укорочення війок на апікальному полюсі, відсутність візуалізації глікогену, у стромі чітко помітні плазмоцити. У біозразках обох груп у середній стадії секреторної фази виявлено недостатність цієї фази (р = 0,043), а також про-сту неатипову гіперплазію ендометрію (р = 0,042). У контрольній групі спостерігалися набряково-дистрофічні зміни у стінці кровоносних судин й епітеліоцитах залоз; у стромі виявлено еритроцитарні острівці та активовані плазмоцити. У ГД спостерігалися виражені набрякові зміни в епітеліально-стромальних складниках ендометрію, а також наявність локусів геморагій, як на пізній стадії фази секреції, та дуже слабко виражена децидуальна трансформація. Висновки. У зразках біоптатів тканин жінок із безпліддям та ПКС, а також жінок із безпліддям без коронавірус-ної хвороби (2019) в анамнезі спостерігається виражений дисхроноз стадій у фазах циклу. Морфологічна картина складників ендометрію має мозаїчний характер: поряд з ознаками, притаманними середній проліферативній стадії, виявляються ознаки попередньої. Під час дослідження зразків у секреторну фазу спостерігаються ознаки пізньої стадії з вогнищевими стромальними крововиливами, дуже слабко вираженою децидуальною трансформацією та простою неатиповою гіперплазією, зокрема, в ендометрії пацієнток із безпліддям та перенесеним ПКС. Ключові слова: безпліддя, постковідний синдром, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, морфологія ендометрію, електронно-мікро-скопічне дослідження. Ultrastructural features in biopsied tissues of women with infertility and post-COVID syndrome in the anamnesis I. S. Golovchak, O. H. Boychuk, V. M. Matskevych, O. H. Popadynets, T. L. Kotyk, I. M. Kupchak The objective: to determine the ultrastructural features of the uterine mucosa in women with a diagnosis of infertility and post-COVID syndrome (PCS). Materials and methods. The study involved 120 women. The study group (SG) included 80 female patients with a diagnosis of infertility who had a history of PCS. The control group (CG) consisted of 40 women with infertility without a history of COVID-19. In both groups, uterine mucosa samples were taken in the middle stage of the proliferative and secretory phases (at different periods of the menstrual cycle), after which pathomorphological and electron microscopic studies were performed. Results. During the middle proliferative phase the histologically thinned endometrial layers were detected in women with infertility and PCS (p = 0.032). Submicroscopically, in the samples of the CG there were active mitotic processes in the epithelium of the endometrial glands, the preservation of cell cilia and the presence of glycogen inclusion; numerous fibroblasts in the stromal component. In the SG, vacuolization of epithelial cells, shortening of cilia at the apical pole, lack of glycogen visualization, and clearly visible plasma cells in the stroma were detected. In biosamples of both groups, in the middle stage of the secretory phase the insufficiency of this phase was determined (p = 0.043), as well as simple atypical endometrial hyperplasia (p = 0.042). In the CG the edematous-dystrophic changes were observed in the wall of blood vessels and epithelial cells of the glands; erythrocyte islands and activated plasma cells were determined in the stroma. In the SG the pronounced edematous changes in the epithelial-stromal components of the endometrium were found, as well as the presence of hemorrhage loci, as in the late stage of the secretory phase, and very weakly expressed decidual transformation. Conclusions. In samples of biopsied tissues of women with infertility and PCS in anamnesis, as well as women with infertility without coronavirus disease (2019), a pronounced dyschronosis of stages in the phases of the cycle was found. The morphological picture of the components of the endometrium is mosaic in nature: along with the signs inherent in the middle proliferative stagethe signs of the previous one were detected. During the secretory phase, signs of the late stage with focal stromal hemorrhages, very weakly expressed decidual transformation and simple atypical hyperplasia were determined, in particular, in the endometrium of patients with infertility and post-COVID syndrome.

The genus Ajuga (Lamiaceae family) comprises approximately 300 species, which are widely used in traditional medicine for their diaphoretic, antiseptic, hemostatic, and anti-inflammatory properties, but scarcely in official ones. Therefore, the study of Ajuga reptans holds promise for developing new medicinal products. In aqueous and aqueous-alcoholic soft extracts of the A. reptans herb, 16 amino acids, 20 phenolics, and 10 volatile substances were identified by HPLC and GC/MS. The assays of the main substances’ groups were also determined by spectrophotometry (vitamin K1, polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids, and hydroxycinnamic acids) and titrometry (ascorbic and organic acids). A. reptans herb extracts are practically non-toxic, exhibit hepatoprotective activity (dose 25 mg/kg) in experimental carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatitis, moderate anti-inflammatory activity (dose 100 mg/kg) in carrageenan-induced edema models, and possess significant local hemostatic (reducing bleeding time by 40.6%) and wound-healing properties (complete wound healing after 9 days). The aqueous-ethanolic soft A. reptans extract (extractant 50% ethanol) demonstrated the most pronounced hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. A. reptans extracts are capable of inhibiting the growth of microorganisms and showing higher activity against Gram-positive bacteria. A. reptans herb extracts are promising agents for implementation in official medicine as wound healing and hepatoprotective remedies after further preclinical and clinical studies.

The genus Ajuga (Lamiaceae family) comprises approximately 300 species. Species within this genus are widely used in traditional medicine and are known for their diaphoretic, antiseptic, hemostatic, and an-ti-inflammatory properties. However, they are scarcely used in official medicine. Therefore, the study of one of the most common species, Ajuga reptans L., holds promise for developing new medicinal products for clin-ical and pharmaceutical applications. In aqueous and aqueous-alcoholic extracts of A. reptans herb, 8 organic acids, 16 amino acids, 20 phenolic compounds, 10 volatile substances, and 9 phytosterols were identified. The assay of the main groups of biologically active substances in the obtained extracts was determined. Experi-mental results demonstrated that A. reptans herb extracts are practically non-toxic, exhibit hepatoprotective activity in experimental carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatitis, moderate anti-inflammatory activity in car-rageenan-induced oedema models, and possess significant local hemostatic and wound-healing properties. The most significant reduction in bleeding was caused by applying the aqueous extract, reducing bleeding time by 40.6%. The aqueous-ethanolic A. reptans extract (50% ethanol) demonstrated complete wound healing after 9 days of its local administration. This extract also has the most pronounced hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. A. reptans extracts are capable of in-hibiting the growth of microorganisms and showing higher activity against gram-positive bacteria. Notably, the antimicrobial activity of the extracts increases in direct correlation with the ethanol concen-tration as an extracting agent. A. reptans herb extracts are promising agents for implementation in official medicine as wound healing and hepatoprotective remedies.

The genus Ajuga (Lamiaceae family) comprises approximately 300 species. Species within this genus are widely used in traditional medicine and are known for their diaphoretic, antiseptic, hemostatic, and anti- inflammatory properties. However, they are scarcely used in official medicine. Therefore, the study of one of the most common species, Ajuga reptans L., holds promise for developing new medicinal products for clinical and pharmaceutical applications. In aqueous and aqueous-alcoholic extracts of A. reptans herb, 8 organic acids, 16 amino acids, 20 phenolic compounds, 10 volatile substances, and 9 phytosterols were identified. The assay of the main groups of biologically active substances in the obtained extracts was determined. Experimental results demonstrated that A. reptans herb extracts are practically non-toxic, exhibit hepatoprotective activity in experimental carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatitis, moderate anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan- induced oedema models, and possess significant local hemostatic and wound-healing properties. The most significant reduction in bleeding was caused by applying the aqueous extract, reducing bleeding time by 40.6%. The aqueous-ethanolic A. reptans extract (50% ethanol) demonstrated complete wound healing after 9 days of its local administration. This extract also has the most pronounced hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. A. reptans extracts are capable of inhibiting the growth of microorganisms and showing higher activity against gram-positive bacteria. Notably, the antimicrobial activity of the extracts increases in direct correlation with the ethanol concentration as an extracting agent. A. reptans herb extracts are promising agents for implementation in official medicine as wound healing and hepatoprotective remedies.

Despite advancements in automatic approaches for histomorphometry analysis of peripheral nerves, manual and semi-automated methods are widely utilized. Standard software functions are often unsuitable for analysis due to their irregular shapes, especially in pathological conditions. This study aims to assess the reproducibility of nerves morphometric analysis and compare results obtained using both default and new alternative algorithms. Sciatic nerves from Wistar rats (untreated and after administration of intraperitoneal hydrargyrum chloride), previously embedded in resin, were used. Morphometric analysis (diameters, myelin thickness, g-ratio, and circularity) was conducted using ImageJ on semithin sections, with axon and myelin boundaries manually outlined. Default diameters were calculated as the mean of Feret diameters, with subsequent calculations for myelin thickness and g-ratio. The alternative approach estimated diameters based on the geometric center of axons, iterating through selected coordinates; myelin thickness was obtained using line equations. In the control group, inter-rater agreement was higher or within expected reliability (0.8 ± 0.05). However, in the experimental group, myelin thickness, g-ratio, and axon circularity showed lower agreement (0.66, 0.58, and 0.68, respectively) without visible patterns on Bland–Altman plots. The alternative approach did not reveal significant differences between approaches, except for g-ratio in the control group and fiber diameter in the experimental group (p < 0.05), with effect sizes of 0.29–0.30 and 0.19–0.20, respectively. This study highlights reduced agreement among investigators analyzing nerve fibers under pathological conditions, raising concerns about the current standard measurement methods. The proposed approach, based on a single geometric center, provides more natural estimations for irregular fibers, and can be implemented in automated nerve fibers acquisition systems.

Stroke is an extensive health problem in Ukraine, the prominence and effects of which are aggravated by the burden of the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War. In this study, we aimed to holistically examine the overall stroke epidemiology in Ivano-Frankivsk using data from a secondary healthcare center in the city. We determine an increasing trend in stroke admissions since 2020, with a notable 22.4% increase in 2023, mainly due to ischemic stroke occurrence. In the same year, a significant non-linear relationship between stroke incidence and frequency of news about attacks was observed. Ordinal regression analysis of general sociodemographic, clinical, and healthcare-related factors influencing outcomes for intravenous thrombolysis-treated patients, revealed the significance of the 24-h National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score (0.32 ± 0.03) and interaction of age and Door-to-Needle Time (− 0.28 ± 0.08). However, the extension of the latter independently is not significantly correlated with patient outcomes. In conclusion, war-induced stress, intranational migrations, and lack of adequate chronic cardiovascular disease management are primarily responsible for these results. Modulations and improvements to the current healthcare system, including managing chronic diseases and early stroke symptom recognition, are necessary to optimize patient outcomes.

The Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists and Topographic Anatomists of Ukraine - is a public organization whose activity is aimed at the formation of conditions for revealing the scientific and creative potential of morphologists in Ukraine; at the development of the research work; at the development of innovative activity; and at the creation of a society website. This article aims to highlight the historical aspects of the formation and development of the society since Ukraine gained independence and up to nowadays, to focus attention on the famous Ukrainian scientists having managed the society and made significant efforts to develop morphology in Ukraine and in the whole world.

The 'Galician Medical Journal' celebrates its thirtieth anniversary, marking three decades of impactful contributions to the medical field. Since its establishment in 1994, the journal has evolved, overcoming challenges to become a significant platform for disseminating medical knowledge. In this editorial, we briefly reflect on the historical evolution of the journal, highlighting its transformation from local origins to an active involvement in the global medical community.

The peculiarities of preparation and performance of two kinds of binary lectures which are a binary lecture- dispute and an interdisciplinary binary lecture are in detail described in this paper. They diff er in their essence, aim, tasks, means of preparation, the choice of lecturer- partner, the format of the material.The aim of the binary lecture- dispute is to organize a controversy on a problematic issue between two lecturers. The more lively the discussion, the more interesting it is for the students, and the easier it is to involve them into the discussion. The form of presenting the material is a powerful motivational stimulus. The professional competence of lecturers can be diff erent, their communication, expressiveness and acting skills are more important. Mostly they are teachers of one department. There is no necessity to distribute lecture material and time between lecturers. It also does not require rehearsals without students. Such a lecture is more interesting for them.The aim of the interdisciplinary binary lecture is to show the interdisciplinary continuity, when the basic data of one discipline are necessary for mastering of another one. It does not involve any dispute and is presented as a consistent monologue of two lecturers. It is not possible to involve the students, because previously acquired knowledge is forgotten, and the knowledge provided – is still unknown to them. Motivation for students is only the relevance of the theme and lecture skills. The lectures are always delivered by tutors of diff erent disciplines. Their intellectual and psychological compatibility and the same level of professionalism are also very important. The volume of lecture material is always increasing. It requires rehearsals without students. It is more di ffi cult for teachers in its preparation and implementation.