O. N. Kurkina’s research while affiliated with Volgograd State Medical University and other places

Relevance. Spastic cerebral palsy is one of the most common forms of cerebral palsy, in which muscular hypertonia, including jaw muscles, is present. To date, there is no universal algorithm for muscle hypertonia. The diagnosis is made based on complaints and data from an electromyographic study. This paper describes and proves the rationale for including ultrasound and laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) in additional diagnostic methods. Material and methods. We examined 84 children with cerebral palsy using ultrasound and LDF to study the state of the mastication muscles. The ultrasound examination determined the structure and thickness of the masseter and temporal muscles and detected trigger points and the infiltration site. LDF was performed both at rest and after an occlusal test, which allows assessing the reserve capacities of the mastication muscles. We compared the received data with a group of healthy subjects of the same age. Results. Ultrasound parameters and LDF data differed from the control group. The ultrasound examination revealed trigger points for the first time without patients’ complaints. Congestion caused by damage to muscle cells is characteristic of the local blood flow in children with cerebral palsy. The results of the occlusal test evidenced the mastication muscle compensation abilities, which clinicians should consider during treatment planning. Conclusion. The received data will help dentists diagnose and treat muscle hypertonia, which will prevent pathology deterioration.

One of the express diagnostic methods is a crystallographic study of the oral fluid of this category of patients. Based on the quantitative and qualitative criteria of saliva obtained by the method of wedge dehydration, it is possible to non-invasively assess the effectiveness of the therapy and timely correct the prescribed treatment. Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of the crystallograms of the oral fluid in the dynamics of the treatment of patients with pathology of the oral mucosa. Materials and methods. 90 patients were examined with a diagnosis of K12.00 aphthous stomatitis (small), chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis (mild form). All patients were divided into 3 groups according to the methods of therapy 1:1:1 according to the principle of randomization. To assess the state of the oral fluid of patients with aphthous stomatitis against the background of various methods of treatment, the method of wedge-shaped dehydration was used, where the transition of a drying biological fluid into a solid state leads to a certain static order that can be observed and studied. Saliva was used as the material for the study. Results. A qualitative analysis of the crystallograms revealed various types of structures with inclusions of bent prismatic crystals. Prismatic, fragmentary, curved, X-shaped, skeletal types of crystals were found throughout the entire field of view. At the same time, there was no clear structured picture as a result of a violation of the normal crystallization process. Conclusion. There is a clear need for further research into the molecular etiopathogenesis of these conditions, which should allow the identification of more specific molecular targets for the development of diagnostic tests and therapeutic intervention. Based on the data obtained, the wedge dehydration method used for crystallographic examination of the oral fluid objectively reflects the state of the oral mucosa and can be used as an additional non-invasive method for diagnosing inflammatory and destructive diseases of the oral mucosa, as well as for correcting the treatment plan and monitoring the results of therapy.

Innovative technologies are actively penetrating into all spheres of human life, and have made it possible to make a big breakthrough. The simulators used in medicine provide an opportunity for training and accreditation of dentists. Modern dentistry is actively developing and requires the development of a large amount of knowledge, the acquisition of clinical skills and the ability to solve certain clinical problems. For example, important clinical skills in restorative dentistry include the preparation of carious cavities, endodontic treatment, restoration of the anatomical shape of the tooth. In surgical dentistry, this is anesthesia, tooth extraction and implantation. Dental phantoms are designed to solve the problem, but such models do not give a complete picture of the work of the dentist. © 2022. Journal of International Dental and Medical Research. All Rights Reserved.

Mucositis is one of the most common diseases during dental implantation. The genesis of the development of diseases, first of all, refers to microbiological factors. However, when conducting antimicrobial therapy, the success of the treatment is not always achieved. In this paper, a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of treatment of inflammatory post-prosthetic complications by modern methods is carried out by the method of wedge-shaped dehydration. The assessment of local crystal structures is an informative criterion in the assessment of the systemic organization of biological fluids, in particular, oral fluid. The most relevant method of visualizing the structural and spatial organization of the oral fluid is crystallographic research, the essence of which is a morphological study using light and polarization microscopy of a dried drop of oral fluid –facies. Patients in the first group received conventional treatment, the second group received ozone therapy, the third group received transcranial electrical stimulation, and the fourth group received a combination of ozone therapy and transcranial electrical stimulation. The crystallographic method was used to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative indicators of oral fluid, on the basis of which it can be concluded that the combined method is one of the objective, reliable methods for evaluating the effectiveness of treatment.

The aim of our research was to study parents' perception of SDF use for caries treatment in children. The cross-sectional survey was organized among 154 parents of children aged 1-6 years. The parents' knowledge and experience in receiving SDF treatment for children, their opinion on the advantages and disadvantages of SDF use for caries treatment, their satisfaction with SDF treatment were analyzed. SciStat. com software was used for statistics, proportions (%) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) were calculated; the differences were assessed by Chi-square test at p-value < 0.05. The analysis of the obtained data revealed that most parents were poorly informed (57.1%) or uninformed (9.7%) about SDF use for caries treatment in children. Only 40.3% parents mentioned dentists as the source of information. Parental acceptance of SDF application for primary teeth was 27.9%. The parents declared that dentists rarely explain positive and negative aspects of the SDF. Many parents did not know the advantages and disadvantages of SDF. Meanwhile, 42.2% of the parents considered black color of caries lesions caused by SDF application as its main drawback. Only 17.5% of the parents reported that their own children received caries treatment with SDF application. Among them 18.5% were satisfied with this treatment completely, 48.1% partly, and 33.3% were unsatisfied. Insufficient awareness of the parents about caries treatment with SDF use is an important barrier for its implementation. The darkening of caries lesions was the main drawback of SDF use and the leading cause of the parental incompliance with SDF treatment for their children.

The methods of children's behavior management are discussed in the article. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological techniques of children's behavior management are analyzed. The algorithm of dental care for children with negative behavior is described. It includes home training (role-playing and art-therapy) and gradual involvement of the children in the dental treatment process. It substantiates the importance of an individual approach to children's behavior management.