Nwachukwu B.C.’s research while affiliated with Nnamdi Azikiwe University and other places

Background: Cervical fibroid-polyps causing diagnostic dilemma are rarely encountered in gynecological practice Methodology: This was a case report and literature review. Aim: The. report is to document a case of a giant cervical fibroid-polyp masquerading as cervical cancer seen and managed in Enugu State University Teaching Hospital. Result: The result was a Case of a 38-year-old multipara who presented with a 2-year history of fleshy mass protruding from the vaginal. The mass was progressively increasing in size and not reducible. Conclusion: Giant cervical fibroid-polyps are rare benign tumors and can masquerade as cervical cancer and also affects normal sexual intercourse.

A. Igbokwe (2024). Stepwise canonical discriminant analysis for morphometric characterization of three strains of broiler chicken.-Genetika, Vol 56, No.1, 43-54. Stepwise canonical discriminant analysis of quantitative traits was performed to characterize Arbor Acre (n = 29), Marshall (n = 29) and Ross 308 (n = 30) strains of broiler chicken at two weeks of age. Average body weight of 322.11 ± 51.33 g, 310.70 ± 51.20 g and 310.24 ± 42.37 g were obtained for Arbor Acre, Marshall and Ross 308 strains, respectively. Correlation coefficients between traits was positive (0.13-0.80). Out of the eight traits used, shank length (SL), body length (BL), wing length (WL), breast girth (BG) and thigh circumference (TC) were selected by stepwise procedure as discriminating variables with respective tolerance of 0.75, 0.84, 0.86, 0.57 and 0.66. The Mahalanobis distance indicated that Arbor Acre and Marshall were closely related by SL (2.006), WL (5.704), BG (6.002) and TC (6.314) while Arbor Acre and Ross 308 were related by BL (4.212). Two canonical discriminant functions were generated. Function 1, with smaller Wilk's Lambda (0.15), stronger canonical correlation coefficient (0.88), highly significant Chi-square (p<0.0001), greater eigenvalue (3.14) and percentage variance (87.28%), possessed higher discriminatory power than function 2.72.4%, 82.8% and 90.0% of the cross validated cases were correctly classified as Arbor Acre, Marshall and Ross broilers, respectively. The study revealed that Ross 308 was genetically distinct from Arbor Acre and Marshall, which were more closely related, using shank length, body length, wing length, breast girth and thigh circumference as discriminating traits. Stepwise canonical discriminant analysis is therefore relevant in classification genetics.

The uptake of health insurance has been poor in Nigeria, a significant step to improving this includes improved awareness, access to information and tools to support decision making. Artificial intelligence (AI) based recommender systems have gained popularity in helping individuals find movies, books, music, and different types of products on the internet including diverse applications in healthcare. The content-based methodology (item-based approach) was employed in the recommender system. We applied both the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Cosine similarity algorithm. We chose the Cosine similarity as our chosen algorithm after several evaluations based of their outcomes in comparison with domain knowledge. The recommender system takes into consideration the choices entered by the user, filters the health management organization (HMO) data by location and chosen prices. It then recommends the top 3 HMOs with closest similarity in services offered. A recommendation tool to help people find and select the best health insurance plan for them is useful in reducing the barrier of accessing health insurance. Users are empowered to easily find appropriate information on available plans, reduce cognitive overload in dealing with over 100 options available in the market and easily see what matches their financial capacity.

Postpartum depression is one of the most common complications that occurs in mothers which has negative effects on the babies whose mothers were affected. The study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude and prevalence of postpartum depression. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was adopted for this study. A multistage sampling technique was used to enroll 250 nursing mothers from the total population using 8 health facilities in the location. Data was collected using a pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire which included a standardized tool (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale). Analysis was carried out using IBM SPSS V21.0. Frequency, chi-square and binary logistic regression analysis were used to give statistical responses and associations between the variables. The result of the analysis showed that the prevalence of postpartum depression was 33.6%. Majority (60%) of the respondents had fair knowledge of postpartum depression. More than half (52.4%) of the respondents had a moderate attitude towards postpartum depression. There was no statistically significant association between knowledge, attitude towards postpartum depression and prevalence of postpartum depression. There was a significant association between previous history of postpartum depression, occupation of the spouse and the prevalence of postpartum depression. Postpartum depression is known to be a major public health concern for women of reproductive age. The study revealed a high prevalence rate of postpartum depression, it therefore recommended that the government should implement policies and also programs that would promote awareness and early recognition of postpartum depression.

A 2-week (2,4) records of body weight (BW), body length (BL), keel length (KL), breast girth (BG), wing length (WL), wing span (WS), thigh circumference (TC), shank length (SL) and principal component of body size (PC1) were used to study repeatability of growth traits of 88 broiler chickens composed of 29 Arbor Acre, 29 Marshall and 30 Ross strains. Repeatability of PC1 was higher than repeatability of body weight in Arbor Acre (0.90±0.0058 vs 0.60±0.0179), Marshall (0.97±0.0005 vs 0.55±0.0186) and Ross (0.97±0.0005 vs 0.55±0.0173), indicating that greater amount of genetic improvement in lifetime average body size can be achieved using PC1 as basis for selection. Repeatability of BL, KL, BG, WL, WS, TC and SL were high and ranged from 93±0.0009 to 98±0.0001, 0.90±0.0013 to 0.96±0.0002 and 0.90±0.0012 to 0.96±0.0002 in the respective strains. The expected relative genetic gain was high using 2 records for PC1 and the linear traits, pointing out that the two records were enough to adequately characterize the inherent transmission ability of the birds. Selection based on the repeatability of the traits using two records will result in lifetime improvement of body size and conformation of these strains. Based on the repeatability of PC1, Marshall and Ross have greater inherent transmission ability and should be selected in favour of Arbor Acre to improve overall body size in chickens.

Background: Pre-eclampsia continues to be a major public health issue of concern in both developed and developing countries, contributing to maternal and neonatal morbidity and death globally. This study examined the health literacy and preeclampsia knowledge of pregnant mothers attending primary health care centers in Ikenne Local government, Ogun State. Methodology: A cross-sectional research design was conducted among pregnant women attending selected health facilities in Ikenne Local Government Area of Ogun State, using an interview-administered semi-structured questionnaire, validated with Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency coefficients ranging from 0.76-0.90. The computed sample size for this study was 380 in which there was a 90% response rate. Data was analyzed with IBM Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) version 23. Results: The mean age (SE) of the women in the study was 28.21 years. Majority of the participants (75.4%) had a high literacy level. Majority of the participants (65.1%) had a low knowledge score (12.34 ± 3.27). There was a significant relationship between health literacy and knowledge of pre-eclampsia (r = 0.175; r2 = 0.350; p = 0.01) among the participants of this study, and health-seeking behaviors to pre-eclampsia has a statistically significant relationship with health literacy of the women (r = 0.182; r2 = 0.033; p = 0.0001). Conclusion: Findings of the study highlight important predictors of health-seeking behaviors among pregnant women. Health seeking behaviors are predicted by knowledge, health literacy and diagnosis of pre-eclampsia. As a result, it is critical for healthcare providers to ensure that women understand the information they are provided about their health.

Stroke is the world's second most common cause of mortality and the third most common cause of morbidity and disability. Recurrent strokes make up a significant number of stroke admissions to the emergency room. This condition is largely preventable by identifying and addressing the risk factors involved. Hence, this study examined the non-modifiable risk factors associated with medication adherence among stroke survivors in Lagos state, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted using a multistage sampling technique, including 386 stroke survivors from 10 stroke rehabilitation facilities in Lagos state. A validated structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and Binary logistic regression at a significance level of 5%. The participants' mean age was 52.42 ± 12.143. Results showed that participants aged 51-60years were more likely to adhere to their medication than other age groups. The result also showed no association existed between the age of stroke survivors and medication adherence (OR = 1.119, CI = 0.941-1.332, p = 0.549), ethnicity and medication adherence (OR = 1.176, CI 0.89-1.55, p = 0.211), and the gender (OR = 1.147, CI = 0.748-1.761, p = 0.665). However, there is a significant association between number of stroke and medication adherence (OR = 0.699, CI = 0.499-0.980, p = 0.038). This study's findings highlight important gaps in the factors that influence and are associated with medication adherence. Therefore, other non-modifiable factors asides from the ones assessed in this study should be researched.

Background: High order multiple gestations are an uncommon occurrence. The incidence of multiple gestation continues to decrease as the number of fetuses increase as calculated using Hellin’s rule: incidence = 1:80n-1 births, where n is the number of fetuses. Thus, the expected incidence of quadruplets is estimated at 1 in 512,000 births. All these have changed with the advent of reproductive technology. However, the occurrence of quadruplets as a natural process has remained rare globally. Objective: To report a case of a successful spontaneously conceived quadruplet with the death of one of the fetuses and delivery of 3 live fetuses and a twin papyraceous fetus at the 36th week of gestation. Methods: We report a case of a 28-year-old para-2 woman who had a spontaneous conception resulting in a quadruplet. She had an ultrasound diagnosis of death of one of the fetuses at 25 weeks of gestation. She was admitted twice in the course of the pregnancy and subsequently delivered at the 35th week of gestation. Results: A successful caesarean delivery of 2 fem ales and 1 male with a male papyraceous fetus.

The agenda for Universal Health Coverage has driven the exploration of various innovative approaches to expanding health services to the general population. As more African countries have adopted digital health tools as part of the strategic approach to expanding health services, there is a need for defining a standard framework for implementation across board. Therefore, there is a need to review and employ an evidence-based approach to inform managing challenges, adopting best approaches, and implement informed recommendations. We reviewed a variety of digital health tools applied to different health conditions in primary care settings and highlighted the challenges faced, approaches that worked and relevant recommendations. These include limited coverage and network connectivity, lack of technological competence, lack of power supply, limited mobile phone usage and application design challenges. Despite these challenges, this review suggests that mHealth solutions could attain effective usage when healthcare workers receive adequate onsite training, deploying applications designed in an intuitive and easy to understand approach in a manner that fits into the users existing workflows, and involvement of the stakeholders at all levels in the design, planning, and implementation stages of the interventions.