Nor Fadzilah Zainal’s research while affiliated with MARA University of Technology and other places

The advent of the COVID-19 pandemic has ushered in a new educational paradigm, initially exerting a negative impact on the mental well-being of students globally, including those enrolled in Malaysian universities. It is noteworthy that conventional, face-to-face learning at Universiti Teknologi MARA resumed in September 2022, which directly forced students’ transition from virtual learning during the pandemic to physical learning post pandemic. Consequently, this research project was undertaken with the objective of assessing the perceived stress levels among students pursuing a Diploma of Pharmacy at Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pulau Pinang (UiTMCPP) Bertam Campus. The study also explored into the origins of stress, encompassing both academic and non-academic factors, which students encountered in the post-pandemic era, as well as the strategies they employed to manage this stress. Data for this study were collected from 220 students through an online questionnaire, which incorporated the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) to gauge their perceived stress levels, inquiries pertaining to academic and non-academic stressors, and investigations into the methods they adopted for stress management. Data from completed questionnaires were recorded into SPSS version 26 software for analysis. The outcomes of this research project revealed that a majority of the students reported experiencing a moderate level of stress. In summary, this study provides insights into the challenges confronted by Diploma of Pharmacy students at UiTMCPP Bertam Campus, with a specific emphasis on their perceived stress levels, the factors contributing to their stress, and the coping mechanisms they employ. These findings offer valuable information concerning the mental health of students in this context and may serve as a basis for devising strategies to support their well-being during these demanding circumstances. Keywords: : Students; Stress; Stressors; Academic; Non-Academic; Coping Strategies

Natural gas consumption contributes the least to CO2 emissions than other non-renewable energy such as oil and coal. Thus, it is important to replace oil in generating economic activities and leading the country towards low carbon state. Despite the environmentally friendly energy, most previous studies did not study gas consumption. Therefore, this study investigates the effects of gas consumption and other selected macroeconomic determinants such as labour, capital, foreign direct investment, trade openness, and financial development on Malaysia's economic growth from 1980 to 2019. The Augmented Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach is employed, and the results show that gas consumption plays a vital role in boosting economic growth in the short and long run. Based on these findings, all economic sectors should consume more natural gas instead of oil, including industries and transportation. This move can conserve the environment and support clean energy for sustainable development. The remaining variables also increased economic growth except for financial development. Based on these outcomes, the country's policymakers can construct a suitable policy that can improve all the potential macroeconomic determinants besides the use of natural gas consumption in accelerating growth in Malaysia.

The government's efforts to strengthen the country's food security program are actively implemented through the Young Agropreneur Program. However,the response rate of young people to participate in agropreneurship is still marginal. Therefore, it is crucial to create interest and awareness among young people as early as childhood toward agropreneurship to support the government's aims. This study only focuses on the tendency toward agropreneurship among children at Kuala Muda Children's Activity Center. The intention is to examine the children's inclination toward agropreneurship by identifying the level of interest, knowledge, attitude, and external support towards the field. The study sample consisted of 20 children, and the research method used was interviews and observation. The findings revealed that the interest and knowledge of children at Kuala Muda Children's Activity Center might influence their tendency to participate in agropreneurship. However, the influence of the children's attitude and support toward the field is low. Therefore, the results of this study can provide information to policymakers to derive plans to support, assist and provide incentives such as funds for agroproneurship programs to encourage young people as early as childhood. Besides, it can also increase researchers' understanding of the children's attitude, knowledge, and support towards this field. This understanding can further help the university to provide appropriate programs to cultivate and increase agropreneurial tendencies among children, especially in Children's Activity Centers throughout Malaysia. Keywords: Agropreneur; Descriptive Analysis; Children; PAKK Kuala Muda Abstrak: Usaha kerajaan untuk memperkukuhkan sekuriti makanan negara melalui Program Agropreneur Muda sedang giat dijalankan. Namun, peratusan sambutan golongan muda untuk menyertai bidang agropreneur ini masih kecil. Justeru, ianya penting bagi menimbulkan minat dan kesedaran kepada golongan muda seawal usia kanak-kanak untuk cenderung ke arah bidang agropreneur bagi sama-sama menyokong hasrat kerajaan. Kajian ini hanya memfokuskan kepada kecenderungan kepada bidang agropreneur dalam kalangan kanak-kanak di Pusat Aktiviti Kanak- Kanak Kuala Muda. Objektif kepada kajian ini ialah untuk mengupas kecenderungan kanak- kanak terhadap bidang agropreneur dengan mengenal pasti tahap sikap, pengetahuan, dan sokongan terhadap bidang tersebut. Sampel kajian terdiri daripada 20 orang kanak-kanak serta metod kajian yang digunakan adalah melalui temubual dan pemerhatian. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa minat dan pengetahuan kanak-kanak di PAKK Kuala Muda dapat mempengaruhi kecenderungan mereka untuk menyertai bidang agropreneur. Namun begitu, sikap kanak-kanak dan sokongan untuk mereka cenderung ke arah bidang tersebut masih lagi pada tahap kurang memberangsangkan. Oleh itu, hasil kajian ini dapat memberikan gambaran awal kepada penggubal dasar untuk mendorong golongan muda seawal usia kanak-kanak melalui sokongan, bantuan serta insentif seperti memperuntukkan dana kewangan untuk program yang menghala ke arah bidang agropreneur. Disamping itu, para penyelidik juga dapat meningkatkan pemahaman mengenai minat, pengetahuan, sikap, dan sokongan kepada golongan kanak-kanak terhadap bidang agropreneur. Pemahaman ini seterusnya dapat membantu pihak universiti dalam menyediakan program yang bersesuaian bagi membudayakan dan meningkatkan kecenderungan bidang agropreneur dalam kalangan kanak-kanak, khususnya di Pusat Aktiviti Kanak- kanak di seluruh Malaysia. Kata kunci: Agropreneur; Analisa deksriptif; Kanak- Kanak; PAKK Kuala Muda

Foreign direct investment (FDI) plays a vital role in boosting economic growth and providing more job opportunities. Hence, it is imperative to investigate the factors that can spur FDI inflows in the Southeast Asia region (ASEAN) and its three largest trading partners: China, Japan, and South Korea (ASEAN+3). Besides, whether corruption can boost or decrease FDI inflows, and whether larger environmental degradation triggers FDI inflows have been sparsely explored by previous studies. The panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach is employed to analyze the period from 1995 to 2020. The results show evidence of the grabbing hand hypothesis in ASEAN+3 as decreasing corruption can positively impact FDI inflows in the long run. However, the results support that increasing environmental degradation has spurred FDI in the region, suggesting reformulating investment promotion policies towards more environmentally friendly ones. These findings are important for policymakers to formulate the right policies for boosting FDI. Punishment for those who act in a corrupt manner may act as a deterrent to would-be offenders. Using more renewable energy could help to reduce environmental degradation and boost FDI simultaneously.

Environmental degradation has always been discussed by previous studies. This is because environmental degradation can have impacts on human health. The global temperature is expected to continue to increase in the next 100 years. Therefore, it is important to investigate the determinants of CO 2 emissions in the long run and short run in Malaysia. Data ranging from 1985 to 2014 were collected and the ARDL approach was employed. The results show that economic growth can be detrimental to the environment in both of the long run and short run. The results also show that population can have deleterious effects on the environment in the long run only. Therefore, enhancing economic growth and increasing the number of population should be controlled to ensure that the environment can be preserved.