Nobuto Yamamoto's research while affiliated with Treatment Research Institute, Philadelphia PA and other places

... Although GcMAF therapy has been found to show curative effects on a variety of cancers (10)(11)(12)(13)37,38), Yamamoto et al stated that the efficacy of GcMAF therapy for a variety of cancer types depends on the degree of cell membrane abnormality (12,13). Undifferentiated tumor cells are killed more efficiently than differentiated tumor cells. ...

... Weekly administrations of 100 ng GcMAF to metastatic adenocarcinoma (breast and prostate cancer) patients (n ¼ 32) and metastatic colorectal cancer patients eradicate tumors in 16–25 weeks and 32–50 weeks, respectively [Yamamoto and Ueda, 2004a; Yamamoto et al., , 2008a. With the same therapeutic procedure (i.e., administration of 100 ng GcMAF/week) in a preliminary study of HIV-infected patients, both cell-free virions and HIV-infected cells were eradicated in 10–18 weeks [Yamamoto and Ueda, 2004b; Yamamoto et al., 2007]. ...

... The results were interesting: first, it was observed that the tumor associated macrophages were not activated by GcMAF; second, the phagocytosis and the superoxide capacities of all activated macrophages increased, independent of the stage of cancer (11). The macrophages activated by GcMAF recognize not only cancerous cells, but also can internalize and eliminate various bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium perfrigens, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, viruses (rubella, herpes simplex, parainflueza and influeza virus, HIV type 1) (26). The study shows that undifferentiated tumour cells, such as adenocarcinoma cells founded in breast cancer and other types of cancer such as prostate cancer, are detected and eradicated particularly than squamous carcinoma cells, with well-differentiated cancer cells (11). ...

... Although GcMAF therapy has been found to show curative effects on a variety of cancers (10)(11)(12)(13)37,38), Yamamoto et al stated that the efficacy of GcMAF therapy for a variety of cancer types depends on the degree of cell membrane abnormality (12,13). Undifferentiated tumor cells are killed more efficiently than differentiated tumor cells. ...

... One of the most clinically relevant properties of GcMAF-activated macrophages is their antitumor activity [1, 2,7,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. ...

... Although the administration of GcMAF is a yet an unapproved therapy, data from previous studies and clinical practice reported its effectiveness in the treatment of many pathologies such as HIV infection [55] and other infectious diseases [53], some types of cancer [56][57][58][59][60], juvenile osteopetrosis [61], immunological (systemic erythematous lupus) [62] and neurological (multiple sclerosis, autism) diseases [57,63,64]. In the same conditions, it was found an inverse correlation between the MAF precursor activity and serum levels of nagalase (reference ranges from 0,32 to 0,65-0,95 nM/min/ng), therefore showing to be other than pathogenicity or cancer biomarkers, also good prognosticators of illness and response to therapy [54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64]. ...

... В ряде экспериментальных работ in vitro и in vivo, а также в клинических испытаниях показана неординарная эффективность DBP-MAF при лечении опухолевых заболеваний и ВИЧ-инфекции [60,61]. Предполагается, что противоопухолевый эффект DBP-MAF обусловлен несколькими механизмами, такими как активация макрофагов, прямое ингибирование пролиферации, миграции и метастазирования опухолевых клеток, а также подавление неоангиогенеза в опухолевой ткани [62]. ...

... 42 Thus, α-NaGalase, being an immunosuppressive agent in cancer patients, is considered as a potential therapeutic agent in cancer treatment. One of the causes of some diseases, including cancer, viral infections, and metabolic and genetic disorders is an imbalance in glycosidase functions; [43][44][45][46] glycosidase inhibitors can regulate or block the enzyme imbalance. So, the much attention is paid to identify potential inhibitors of α-NaGalase 47,48 and α-Galase. ...

... In a recent study, was administrated inside the cancerous cells an amount of BCG (Bacille Calmette Guerin), or other bacterial cells and shortly after, as a result, they induced inflammation of cancerous tissues. Via inflammation both local tumours, as well as metastasized cells can regress, suggesting the development of specific immunity mechanisms against the tumours (10), (11). Inflammation in noncancerous tissues has not shown the same significant effect in comparation to the cancerous tissues (10), (11). ...

... To date, most of the evidence reporting the role of vitamin D 3 in the immune response regarded few autoimmune and inflammatory chronic diseases [39]. In a cancer therapy perspective, it is noteworthy that the role of the calcitriol/VDR signaling has a dramatic and positive impact on CD8 + T cells [40], increases the NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3-dependent release of interleukin-1β from human monocytic cell line monocytes [41], and promotes distinct approaches in immunotherapy and chemotherapy [42][43][44]. As many nutritional co-factors, such as vitamins and polyphenols, vitamin D 3 too exerts a pleiotropic role on cellular systems and most probably its beneficial potential might derive from its ability in promoting cell response to stress [45] and yet pleiotropism is another hallmark of cytokines. ...