Nissan Yissachar's research while affiliated with Bar Ilan University and other places

... Recently, the effect of the low-FODMAP diet has been examined on a gut organ culture system (developed by Bootz-Maoz et al [59]). Gut-organ cultures were colonized with longitudinal microbiota samples collected from newly diagnosed and therapy-naïve IBS patients receiving a standard 6 wk low FODMAP diet. ...

... https://eu.idtdna.com/Primerquest/Home/Index), and sequences reported below [59]. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) siE2F1, siFSP1, and non-targeting scramble (siCTRL, used as negative control) siRNA oligoribonucleotides were obtained from Merck. ...

... lacks the surface molecules that are normally recognised by the host and therefore identified as a "friendly" bacterium, the host responds by its sequestration in luminal casts as a potentially harmful microbe to avoid dysregulated T cell activation (Sassone-Corsi et al., 2022). ...

... synthesizing specific vitamins and amino acids, including B vitamins and folic acid. Also, these organisms can break down complex carbohydrates such as fiber and starch and act as a protective factor against pathogens [99][100][101]. The research has determined that various factors influence the human microbiota population, such as lifestyle, drugs, diet, environmental conditions, and living with animals [16,102]. ...

... In a set of proof-of-principle experiments, we measured gut permeability ex vivo in response to luminal introduction of EGTA, a calcium chelator that disrupts TJ integrity and paracellular barrier functions (confirmed using dynamic TEER assay (Fig. 1B, C) and ZO-1 staining (Fig. S1A) in Caco-2 monolayers). Colon tissues were dissected from 14d-old mice reared under specific-pathogen-free (SPF) conditions, and connected to the gut culture device as previously described (six tissues per device; Fig. 1A) 7,8,13 . Culture medium containing FITC-dextran (4 kDa) was infused directly into the cultured colons' lumens either with or without EGTA (25 mM). ...

... Gut inflammation is a feature shared by several human diseases specifically affecting the gastrointestinal tract, such as celiac disease [1], cystic fibrosis [2] and inflammatory bowel disease [3]. However, mounting evidence points to the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of other human diseases, which apparently do not directly involve the gut, such as Parkinson's disease [4] and type 2 diabetes [5]. ...

... In this case, the media described above and an adequate gas supply are also necessary for the tissue to survive. Although the method is not widespread because of its difficulty, it shows reproducible results because several samples are tested under the same conditions [71]. ...

... The tight junctions (TJs) between adjacent epithelial cells are critical components of the intestinal barrier, sealing the paracellular space. ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin are among the primary constituents of the TJ structure (Grosheva et al., 2020;Mehandru and Colombel, 2021). In the present study, we found that the mRNA expression levels of ZO-1 and Occludin were substantially reduced in the 3.75 mg/kg and 7.5 mg/kg TPT exposure groups, accompanied by a significant decrease in the protein expression of ZO-1 and Occludin. ...

... Using heterologous systems, the recruitment of the adaptor protein beta-arrestin-1 has been described as an essential step for D1R/D3R heteromer to activate Erk1/2 [18]. We also found that D1R-D3R heteromer activation of the G-dependent/Erk1/2 cascade also requires Shp-2; interestingly, the requirement of beta-arrestin in the recruitment of Shp-1 and Shp-2 tyrosine phosphatases to their target receptors has been demonstrated [45][46][47]. Here, we analyzed the role of beta-arrestin1 and beta-arrestin2 in D1R/D3R heteromerinduced signaling using primary cultures of striatal neurons and the siRNA approach. ...

... Some studies have shown that propionic acid is negatively correlated with score on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III [17], suggesting that propionic acid may be beneficial in PD. Studies have documented numerous advantages of propionate for physiological processes; for example, it attenuates the lipopolysaccharide-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition [34], encourages intestinal gluconeogenesis [35], modifies the progression of multiple sclerosis by reversing Treg cell/Th17 cell induction, and improves Treg cell function [36]. Propionate can easily cross the blood-brain barrier; in fact, GC studies have shown a high concentration of propionate in the hippocampus [37]. ...