Nipaporn Pichetshote's research while affiliated with University of California, Los Angeles and other places

... • Odds of SIBO 3.7× higher in IBS [48] but no consistent colonic [49,50] signature and inconsistent small intestinal microbiota signature [51,52] • Wide variety of probiotics tested with Lactobacillus strain Lp299V only specific strain with clear symptom improvement [53] • No convincing evidence of 'prebiotic' efficacy [54] although human milk oligosaccharides promising [55] • Short-term IBS symptom severity score improved with FMT in some but not all studies [56] • Rifaximin and neomycin combination therapy reported to improve SIBO in IBS-C [57] but neomycin may be ototoxic • Rifaximin for IBS-D and IBS-M therapeutic gain of 10% [58] • FMT well tolerated but efficacy and long-term risks are unknown [56] • Clinical trials needed to test the efficacy of synbiotic combinations of pre-and probiotics in IBS [58] • FMT clinical trials specific to IBS subtypes [56] Abbreviations: FMT; fecal matter transplant, FODMAP; Fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols, GERD; Gastroesophageal reflux disease, GI: gastrointestinal, IBD; inflammatory bowel disease, IBS; irritable bowel syndrome, IBS-C; irritable bowel syndrome-constipation, IBS-D; irritable bowel syndrome-diarrhea, IBS-M; irritable bowel syndrome-mixed, SeHCAT; 23-seleno−25-homotaurocholic acid, selenium homocholic acid taurine, or tauroselcholic acid, SIBO; small intestinal bowel overgrowth [33] mood or extraintestinal symptom did not improve diagnostic criteria performance [63]. ...

... Hydrogen-dominant SIBO (H+) is often associated with the diarrhea subtype of IBS, whereas methane-dominant SIBO (M+) mainly manifests as constipation. Hydrogen-sulfide-dominant SIBO (S+) is characterized by intense gas production, while hydrogen-methane-dominant SIBO (H+/M+) presents with diverse symptoms ranging from abdominal pain, reflux, and stomach discomfort to fatigue [10][11][12][13][14]. The prevalence of SIBO is not precisely defined, but it is estimated to range from 2.5% to 22% in adults [3]. ...

... Desulfovibrio piger, Fusobacterium spp) on stool testing 11,12 6. Association of symptoms with H 2 S levels 7. Association of clinical improvement with improvement in H 2 S breath test results. ...

... Integrating AI technology into these gadgets may also give rise to new opportunities in regard to monitoring and tailoring IBS treatment. In 2022, Pimentel et al. published a study on this topic in the American Journal of Gastroenterology [40]. They developed a smartphone application using AI (named Dieta mobile app) for self-reporting stool form assessment. Out of the 45 IBS subjects included in the study, 39 agreed to use the application. ...

... Spiegel and colleagues developed a specific VR program (IBS/VR) designed to treat patients with IBS. 60 A multidisciplinary team developed 4 virtual environments: an immersive experience about the brain-gut axis, an IBS-specific CBT module, a gut-directed meditative mod-ule, and a module addressing social isolation and stigma. Patients with IBS were exposed to the VR modules and then debriefed. ...

... En cuanto a la etiología de las alteraciones de la motilidad intestinal en el SII, pudiese tener un componente autoinmunitario 34 . Tal hipótesis surge de la demostración de la presencia de anticuerpos antitoxina de distensión citoletal B (anti-CdtB) de bacterias como Campylobacter jejuni 34,35 , que pueden reaccionar de manera cruzada contra las células intersticiales de Cajal y las células ganglionares, disminuyendo la motilidad intestinal y, por consiguiente, desencadenando una sobrepoblación bacteriana del intestino delgado. Así mismo, por el desarrollo de anticuerpos antivinculina que pueden afectar el acoplamiento de los filamentos de actina necesarios para la contracción de las miofibrillas, otro mecanismo que puede alterar la motilidad del intestino delgado 36 . ...

... The LOD of H 2 S, calculated as 3σ/m in the linear region of the dependence of the response on the analyte concentration (Fig. 6b), was 18 and 65 ppb for SWCNT/CoPc and SWCNT/ZnPc, respectively. The obtained LODs are much below the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) (1 ppm) of hydrogen sulfide and the amount of exhaled H 2 S in a healthy person (1.2 ppm) [92,93], which make these materials attractive for the application as sensing layers not only for the detection of H 2 S in environmental air but also in medicine. The LOD of NH 3 is also given in Table 1 for comparison. ...

... When clinical suspicion for symptomatic adhesions is high, a laparoscopy can be both diagnostic and therapeutic. Non-invasive treatment options include manual physical therapy as this may be beneficial for both breaking apart adhesions and preventing adhesion formation [81]. Thus far, only in vivo studies on rats have shown manual therapy to attenuate formation of adhesions [82]. ...

... Количество метаногенов в составе кишечной микробиоты меняется в зависимости от возраста. В составе микробиоты детей содержание метанпродуцирующих бактерий чаще всего низкое -10 3 -10 6 КОЕ/1 г фекалий [147][148][149], с возрастом доля продуцентов метана возрастает и к 80-90 годам достигает уровня 60-80 % от общего количества микроорганизмов, населяющих ЖКТ [150][151][152][153]. ...

... [320][321][322][323][324] Electrical impedance and electrogastrogram measurements have also been used to characterize GI motility, but their use is less widespread clinically. [318,325] Electrical measurements can be used to characterize GI motility because the extracellular potential of smooth muscle cells in the GI tract changes during contraction, which is called the slow-wave or basal electrical rhythm ( Figure 11c, Table 7). [319,326] Each section of the GI tract has its own unique mechanical characteristics, which depends on its particular function. ...